Development in antiviral drugs and the assessment

Öz

The aim of antiviral therapy is to minimize the viral disease symptoms, infectiousness and shorten the treatment process. Antivirals act differently on viral replication cycle steps. However, nowadays, antiviral therapy is not available for all viral infections. Most antiviral drugs used in the treatment are effective in treating infections caused by HIV, herpes viruses, hepatitis B and C viruses, and influenza A and B viruses. Owing to viruses are mandatory, intracellular parasites, it is not very easy to find targets that prevent viral replication without damaging the host cell, as opposed to other antimicrobial drugs. Therefore, advances in treatment with antiviral drugs have been more lingering compared to antibacterial and antifungal drugs. This situation still continues today. In this study, antiviral drugs used during the treatment, differences and properties of these drugs was tried to be revealed by literature and the latest update on developments related to antiviral drugs was reviewed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Virus,viral replication,viral infection,antiviral drug

Antiviral ilaçlardaki gelişmeler ve değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Antiviral tedavinin amacı, viral hastalık semptomları ile bulaşıcılığı en alt düzeye indirmek ve tedavi sürecini kısaltmaktır. Antiviraller viral replikasyon basamaklarına farklı şekillerde etki ederler. Ancak günümüzde, antiviral tedavi tüm viral enfeksiyonlar için bulunmamaktadır. Tedavide kullanılan antiviral ilaçların çoğu, HIV, herpes virüsleri, hepatit B ve C virüsleri ve influenza A ve B virüslerinin neden olduğu enfeksiyonların tedavisinde etkindir. Virüslerin zorunlu, hücre içi parazitler olması nedeniyle, konak hücreye zarar vermeden viral replikasyonu önleyen hedefler bulmak diğer antimikrobiyal ilaçların aksine çok kolay değildir. Bu nedenle antiviral tedavideki gelişmeler gerek antibakteriyel gerekse antifungallere göre daha yavaş ilerleyen bir süreç olmuştur. Bu süreç günümüzde hala devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, viral tedavide kullanılan antiviral ilaçlar, bu ilaçların farklılıkları ve ilaçların özellikleri literatür verilerine dayanılarak ortaya konulmuş, antiviral ilaçlarla ilgili gelişmelere ait güncel bilgiler derlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Virüs,viral replikasyon,viral enfeksiyon,antiviral ilaç

Kaynakça

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