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Dodo ve Ayı: Stanley Elkin’in Hayvanla Karşılaşmaları

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 1, 11 - 36, 28.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15881576

Öz

Stanley Elkin’in The Dick Gibson Show ve Searches and Seizures metinleri insan ile hayvanın iki ayrı rastlaşmasını sunar: İlki bir dodo, ikincisi ise bir ayı. Biri şiddet içerikli, diğeri cinsel olan bu rastlaşmaların her ikisi de açık bir şekilde insanların insan olmayan hayvanlara uyguladıkları şiddeti örtbas etmek için kullandıkları maskeleri göz ardı eden türler arası karşılaşmaların bir yorumunu sunar. Her ne kadar çoğu yorum Elkin’in bu kitaplarındaki insan-hayvan rastlaşmalarını dodo ve/veya ayıya insani bir kahraman ya da genel olarak insanlık hâlinin bir yorumu olarak mercek altına alsa da, bu çalışma bu metinlerin antrozoolojik bir okuması ile hayvanların deneyimlerine ağırlık vermeyi ve türler arasında eşdeğer bir okuma ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Aguila-Way, Tania. “Beyond the Logic of Solidarity as Sameness: The Critique of Animal Instrumentalization in Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing and Marian Engel’s Bear.” Isle: Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 23, no. 1 (2016): 5-29.
  • Barrett, Paul. “ʽAnimal Tracks in the Margin’: Tracing the Absent Referent in Marian Engel’s Bear and J. M. Coetzee’s The Lives of Animals.” ARIEL: A Review of International English Literature 45, no. 3 (2014): 123-149.
  • Blue, Gwendolyn and Melanie Rock, “Trans-Biopolitics: Complexity in Interspecies Relations.” Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness, and Medicine 15, no. 4 (2011): 353-368.
  • Borneman, John. “Race, Ethnicity, Species, Breed: Totemism and Horse-Breed Classifi-cation in America.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 30, no. 1 (1988): 25-51.Coover, Robert. “Reflections and Reminders.” New England Review 27, no. 4 (2006): 60-62.
  • De Ornellas, Kevin. ““Fowle Fowles”? The Sacred Pelican and the Profane Cormorant in Early Modern Culture.” in A Cultural History of Animals in the Renaissance, edited by Bruce Boehrer, 27-52. London: Routledge, 2007.
  • Derrida, Jacques. “The Animal That Therefore I Am (More to Follow).” Critical Inquiry28, no. 2, (2002): 369-418.
  • Doughterty, David C. “A Conversation with Stanley Elkin.” Literary Review 34, no. 2, (1991): 175-195.—. Shouting Down the Silence: A Biography of Stanley Elkin. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2010.
  • Dwyer, Peter D. and Monica Minnegal. “Person, Place or PIg: Animal Attachments and Human Transactions in New Guinea.” in Animals in Person: Cultural Perspectives on Human-Animal Intimacy, edited by John Knight, 37-60. London: Routledge, 2005.
  • Elkin, Stanley. The Dick Gibson Show. New York, NY: Random House, 1971.—. “The Dodo Bird.” The Iowa Review 1, no. 3 (1970): 28-47.—. Searches and Seizures. New York, NY: Random House, 1973.
  • Engel, Marian. The Bear. New York, NY: Athenaeum, 1976.
  • Figuier, Louis. Reptiles and Birds. London: Cassell, Petter and Galpin, 1869.
  • Fuller, Errol. The Dodo: Extinction in Paradise. Piermont, NH: Bunker Hill Publishing, 2003.
  • Garner, Robert and Yewande Okuleye. The Oxford Group and the Emergence of Animal Rights: An Intellectual History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. Gault, Cinda. “Marian Engel’s Bear: Romance or Realism?.” Canadian Literature 197, no. 1 (2008): 29-40.
  • Grewe-Volpp, Christa. “Making Love to Whale and Bear: Human-Animal Relationships in Zakes Mda’s The Whale Caller and Marian Engel’s Bear.” Anglistik 27, no. 2 (2016): 71-83. Hachisuka, Masauji. The Dodo and Kindred Birds: Or, The Extinct Birds of the Mas-carene Islands.” London: HF&G Witherby, 1953.
  • Hardaway, Francine O. “The Power of the Guest: Stanley Elkin’s Fiction.” Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature 32, no. 4 (1978): 234-245.
  • Herbert, Sir Thomas. A Relation of Some Yeares Travaille into Afrique and the Greater Asia. London: William Stansby, 1634.
  • Hoge, Charles. “The Dodo in the Long Eighteenth Century: An Exploration of the Gray Ghost Outside of the English Sentimental Eye.” University of Toronto Quarterly 83, no. 3 (2014): 687-704. Jolly, Margaret. “The Anatomy of Pig Love: Substance, Spirit, and Gender in South Pentecost, Vanuatu.” Canberra Anthropology 7, no. 1 (1984): 78-108.
  • Corman, Lauren and Sarat Calling. ““Nailing Descartes to the Wall” by Propagandhi,” in Rebel Music: Resistance Through Hip Hop and Punk, edited by Priya Parmar, Antho-ny J. Nocella, Scott Robertson, and Martha Diaz, 29-39. Charlotte. NC: Information Age Publishing, 2015.
  • LeClair, Thomas. “The Obsessional Fiction of Stanley Elkin.” Contemporary Literature 16, no. 2 (1975): 146- 162.
  • Levi-Strauss, Claude. The Raw and the Cooked. Manhattan, NY: Harper and Row, 1975.—. The Savage Mind. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1966.
  • Lindquist, Galina. “The Wolf, the Saami and the Urban Shaman,” in Natural Enemies: People-Wildlife Conflicts in Anthropological Perspective, edited by John Knight, 170-188. London: Routledge, 2001.
  • Malthus, Thomas. An Essay on the Principle of Population. London: J. Johnson, 1798.
  • Marvin, Garry. “The Problem of Foxes: Legitimate and Illegitimate Killing in the English Countryside,” in Natural Enemies: People-Wildlife Conflicts in Anthropological Per-spective, edited by John Knight, 189-211. London: Routledge, 2001.
  • McIntosh, Peggy. “White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack,” Multiculturalism 1992 (1992): 30-36.
  • Meoni, Alessandra. “De-Metaphorizing and Becoming Animal: When the Animal Looks Back: A Reading of Marian Engel’s Bear,” Acta Scientiarum: Language and Culture33, no. 1 (2001): 89-95.
  • Minnegal, Monica and Dwyer, Peter D. “Women, Pigs, God and Evolution: Social and Economic Change Among Kubo People of Papua New Guinea,” Ocean 68, no. 1 (1997): 47-60.
  • Olderman, Raymond M. “The Six Crises of Dick Gibson,” The Iowa Review 7, no. 1 (1976): 127-140.
  • Parish, Jolyon C. The Dodo and the Solitaire: A Natural History. Bloomington: IN: Indiana University Press, 2013.
  • Pinto-Correia, Clara. Return of the Crazy Bird: The Sad Strange Tale of the Dodo. New York, NY: Copernicus Books, 2003.Quammen, David. The Song of the Dodo: Island Biogeography in an Age of Extinction.New York, NY: Scribner, 1996.
  • Radcliffe-Brown, Alfred R. Structure and Function in Primitive Society. New York, NY: The Free Press, 1952.
  • Rappaport, Roy A. Pigs for the Ancestors: Ritual in the Ecology of a New Guinea People. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press, 2000.
  • Rubel, Paula G., and Abraham Rosman Your Own Pigs You May Not Eat: A Comparative Study of New Guinea Societies. Canberra: Australian National University Press, 1978.
  • Singer, Peter. Animal Liberation. New York, NY: Avon Books, 1975.Kamchatka brown bear. Wikimedia commons. Public domain.

The Dodo and the Bear: Stanley Elkin’s Encounters with the Animal

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 1, 11 - 36, 28.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15881576

Öz

Stanley Elkin’s The Dick Gibson Show and Searches and Seizures present two human encounters with the animal – the former a dodo, the latter a bear. One encounter is violent, the other sexual, but both provide an interpretation of interspecies encounters that exposes the masks humans use to ignore the violence practiced on nonhuman animals. Most interpretations of Elkin’s animal encounters read the dodo or the bear as lenses through which to judge either the human protagonist or the human condition in general, but an anthrozoological reading of the texts gives weight to the experiences of the animals and finds an argument for equivalency across species.

Kaynakça

  • Aguila-Way, Tania. “Beyond the Logic of Solidarity as Sameness: The Critique of Animal Instrumentalization in Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing and Marian Engel’s Bear.” Isle: Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 23, no. 1 (2016): 5-29.
  • Barrett, Paul. “ʽAnimal Tracks in the Margin’: Tracing the Absent Referent in Marian Engel’s Bear and J. M. Coetzee’s The Lives of Animals.” ARIEL: A Review of International English Literature 45, no. 3 (2014): 123-149.
  • Blue, Gwendolyn and Melanie Rock, “Trans-Biopolitics: Complexity in Interspecies Relations.” Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness, and Medicine 15, no. 4 (2011): 353-368.
  • Borneman, John. “Race, Ethnicity, Species, Breed: Totemism and Horse-Breed Classifi-cation in America.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 30, no. 1 (1988): 25-51.Coover, Robert. “Reflections and Reminders.” New England Review 27, no. 4 (2006): 60-62.
  • De Ornellas, Kevin. ““Fowle Fowles”? The Sacred Pelican and the Profane Cormorant in Early Modern Culture.” in A Cultural History of Animals in the Renaissance, edited by Bruce Boehrer, 27-52. London: Routledge, 2007.
  • Derrida, Jacques. “The Animal That Therefore I Am (More to Follow).” Critical Inquiry28, no. 2, (2002): 369-418.
  • Doughterty, David C. “A Conversation with Stanley Elkin.” Literary Review 34, no. 2, (1991): 175-195.—. Shouting Down the Silence: A Biography of Stanley Elkin. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2010.
  • Dwyer, Peter D. and Monica Minnegal. “Person, Place or PIg: Animal Attachments and Human Transactions in New Guinea.” in Animals in Person: Cultural Perspectives on Human-Animal Intimacy, edited by John Knight, 37-60. London: Routledge, 2005.
  • Elkin, Stanley. The Dick Gibson Show. New York, NY: Random House, 1971.—. “The Dodo Bird.” The Iowa Review 1, no. 3 (1970): 28-47.—. Searches and Seizures. New York, NY: Random House, 1973.
  • Engel, Marian. The Bear. New York, NY: Athenaeum, 1976.
  • Figuier, Louis. Reptiles and Birds. London: Cassell, Petter and Galpin, 1869.
  • Fuller, Errol. The Dodo: Extinction in Paradise. Piermont, NH: Bunker Hill Publishing, 2003.
  • Garner, Robert and Yewande Okuleye. The Oxford Group and the Emergence of Animal Rights: An Intellectual History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. Gault, Cinda. “Marian Engel’s Bear: Romance or Realism?.” Canadian Literature 197, no. 1 (2008): 29-40.
  • Grewe-Volpp, Christa. “Making Love to Whale and Bear: Human-Animal Relationships in Zakes Mda’s The Whale Caller and Marian Engel’s Bear.” Anglistik 27, no. 2 (2016): 71-83. Hachisuka, Masauji. The Dodo and Kindred Birds: Or, The Extinct Birds of the Mas-carene Islands.” London: HF&G Witherby, 1953.
  • Hardaway, Francine O. “The Power of the Guest: Stanley Elkin’s Fiction.” Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature 32, no. 4 (1978): 234-245.
  • Herbert, Sir Thomas. A Relation of Some Yeares Travaille into Afrique and the Greater Asia. London: William Stansby, 1634.
  • Hoge, Charles. “The Dodo in the Long Eighteenth Century: An Exploration of the Gray Ghost Outside of the English Sentimental Eye.” University of Toronto Quarterly 83, no. 3 (2014): 687-704. Jolly, Margaret. “The Anatomy of Pig Love: Substance, Spirit, and Gender in South Pentecost, Vanuatu.” Canberra Anthropology 7, no. 1 (1984): 78-108.
  • Corman, Lauren and Sarat Calling. ““Nailing Descartes to the Wall” by Propagandhi,” in Rebel Music: Resistance Through Hip Hop and Punk, edited by Priya Parmar, Antho-ny J. Nocella, Scott Robertson, and Martha Diaz, 29-39. Charlotte. NC: Information Age Publishing, 2015.
  • LeClair, Thomas. “The Obsessional Fiction of Stanley Elkin.” Contemporary Literature 16, no. 2 (1975): 146- 162.
  • Levi-Strauss, Claude. The Raw and the Cooked. Manhattan, NY: Harper and Row, 1975.—. The Savage Mind. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1966.
  • Lindquist, Galina. “The Wolf, the Saami and the Urban Shaman,” in Natural Enemies: People-Wildlife Conflicts in Anthropological Perspective, edited by John Knight, 170-188. London: Routledge, 2001.
  • Malthus, Thomas. An Essay on the Principle of Population. London: J. Johnson, 1798.
  • Marvin, Garry. “The Problem of Foxes: Legitimate and Illegitimate Killing in the English Countryside,” in Natural Enemies: People-Wildlife Conflicts in Anthropological Per-spective, edited by John Knight, 189-211. London: Routledge, 2001.
  • McIntosh, Peggy. “White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack,” Multiculturalism 1992 (1992): 30-36.
  • Meoni, Alessandra. “De-Metaphorizing and Becoming Animal: When the Animal Looks Back: A Reading of Marian Engel’s Bear,” Acta Scientiarum: Language and Culture33, no. 1 (2001): 89-95.
  • Minnegal, Monica and Dwyer, Peter D. “Women, Pigs, God and Evolution: Social and Economic Change Among Kubo People of Papua New Guinea,” Ocean 68, no. 1 (1997): 47-60.
  • Olderman, Raymond M. “The Six Crises of Dick Gibson,” The Iowa Review 7, no. 1 (1976): 127-140.
  • Parish, Jolyon C. The Dodo and the Solitaire: A Natural History. Bloomington: IN: Indiana University Press, 2013.
  • Pinto-Correia, Clara. Return of the Crazy Bird: The Sad Strange Tale of the Dodo. New York, NY: Copernicus Books, 2003.Quammen, David. The Song of the Dodo: Island Biogeography in an Age of Extinction.New York, NY: Scribner, 1996.
  • Radcliffe-Brown, Alfred R. Structure and Function in Primitive Society. New York, NY: The Free Press, 1952.
  • Rappaport, Roy A. Pigs for the Ancestors: Ritual in the Ecology of a New Guinea People. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press, 2000.
  • Rubel, Paula G., and Abraham Rosman Your Own Pigs You May Not Eat: A Comparative Study of New Guinea Societies. Canberra: Australian National University Press, 1978.
  • Singer, Peter. Animal Liberation. New York, NY: Avon Books, 1975.Kamchatka brown bear. Wikimedia commons. Public domain.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Edebi Teori, Karşılaştırmalı ve Ulusötesi Edebiyat, Edebi Çalışmalar (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Thomas Aiello Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-2766-0271

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Aiello, Thomas. “The Dodo and the Bear: Stanley Elkin’s Encounters with the Animal”. Nesir: Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, sy. 1 (Ekim 2021): 11-36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15881576.

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