Evaluation of Temporomandibular Dysfunction and Related Factors in Students of the Faculty of Dentistry

Yıl 2023, , 195 - 201, 27.12.2023

Hamit Tunç , Abdurrahman Öğünç

https://doi.org/10.51122/neudentj.2023.77

Öz

Aim: Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is a disorder that affecting especially temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles and surrounding tissues. Because of that TMD affect on patient comfort negatively. The aim of this study determine to prevalence of TMD and its relationship between parafunctional habits.
Material and Methods: A total of 129 people, 71 female and 58 male students, studying at Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Faculty of Dentistry were included in the study. A questionnaire including sociodemographic questions, Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), parafunctional habits and bruxism was applied to the participants.
Results: It was determined that 74.42% of the participants included in the study had TMD, 70.5% had at least one parafunctional habit, and 40.3% had bruxism. The prevalence of TMD, parafunctional habits and bruxism was found to be statistically significantly higher in female than in male (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Determining the prevalence and severity of TMD using FAI has advantages such as low cost and easy applicability. Determining the prevalence of TMD, especially in young adults, is of great importance in terms of diagnosing TMJ problems before its progress, preventing possible complications and prognosis of treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Temporomandibular dysfunction, Fonseca Anamnestic Index, Parafunctionel Habits, Bruxism

Dı̇ş Hekı̇mlı̇ğı̇ Fakültesı̇ Öğrencı̇lerı̇nde Temporomandı̇bular Dı̇sfonksı̇yon ve İlı̇şkı̇lı̇ Faktörlerı̇n Değerlendı̇rı̇lmesı̇

Öz

Amaç: Temporomandibular disfonksiyon (TMD), temporomandibular eklem (TME) başta olmak üzere çiğneme kasları ve çevre dokuları etkileyen bir bozukluktur. Bu nedenle TMD hasta konforunu olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı TMD prevalansını ve parafonksiyonel alışkanlıklar ile olan ilişkisini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 71’i kadın, 58’i erkek öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 129 kişi dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik sorular, Fonseka Anamnestik İndeksi (FAİ), parafonksiyonel alışkanlıklar ve bruksizmi içeren anket uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen katılımcıların %74,42’ sinin TMD’ye, %70,5’inin en az bir parafonksiyonel alışkanlığa, %40,3’ünün ise bruksizme sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. TMD, parafonksiyonel alışkanlar ve bruksizm prevalansının kadınlarda erkeklere oranla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: TMD prevalans ve şiddetinin FAİ kullanılarak belirlenmesi, düşük maliyet ve kolay uygulanabilirlik gibi avantajlara sahiptir. Özellikle genç erişkinlerde TMD prevalansının tespit edilmesi, TME problemlerinin ilerlemeden teşhis edilmesi, olası komplikasyonların önlenmesi ve tedavi prognozu açısından büyük öneme sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Temporomandibular disfonksiyon, Fonseka Anamnestik İndeksi, Parafonksiyonel Alışkanlıklar, Bruksizm

Kaynakça

• 1. Kim YK, Kim SG, Im JH, Yun PY. Clinical survey of the patients with temporomandibular joint disorders, using research diagnostic criteria (Axis II) for TMD: preliminary study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2012;40:366–72.
• 2. Resende CMBM de, Rocha LGD da S, Paiva RP de, Ca-valcanti CS, Almeida EO de, Roncalli AG, et al. Relati-onship between anxiety, quality of life, and sociode-mographic characteristics and temporomandibular disorder. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2020;129:125–32.
• 3. Yap AU, Park JW, Lei J, Liu C, Kim SH, Lee BM, et al. The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, sex, and age on temporomandibular disorders subtypes in East Asian patients: a retrospective observational study. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23:2-9.
• 4. Xie Q, Li X, Xu X. The difficult relationship between occlusal interferences and temporomandibular di-sorder – insights from animal and human experimen-tal studies. J Oral Rehabil. 2013;40:279–95.
• 5. Huhtela OS, Näpänkangas R, Suominen AL, Karppinen J, Kunttu K, Sipiliä K. Association of psychological distress and widespread pain with sympatoms of temporomandibular disorders and self-reported bruxism in students. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2021;7:1154–66.
• 6. Suvinen TI, Reade PC, Kemppainen P, Könönen M, Dworkin SF. Review of aetiological concepts of tem-poromandibular pain disorders: towards a biopsyc-hosocial model for integration of physical disorder factors with psychological and psychosocial illness impact factors. Eur J Pain. 2005;9:613–33.
• 7. Al-Khotani A, Naimi-Akbar A, Albadawi E, Ernberg M, Hedenberg-Magnusson B, Christidis N. Prevalence of diagnosed temporomandibular disorders among Sau-di Arabian children and adolescents. J Headache Pain. 2016;17:1-11.
• 8. Marpaung C, van Selms MKA, Lobbezoo F. Prevalence and risk indicators of pain-related temporomandibu-lar disorders among Indonesian children and adoles-cents. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018;46:400–6.
• 9. Christidis N, Lindström Ndanshau E, Sandberg A, Tsi-lingaridis G. Prevalence and treatment strategies re-garding temporomandibular disorders in children and adolescents—a systematic review. J Oral Rehabil. 2019;46:291–301.
• 10. Pastore GP, Goulart DR, Pastore PR, Prati AJ, Moraes M de. Comparison of instruments used to select and classify patients with temporomandibular disorder. Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2018;31:16–22.
• 11. Stasiak G, Maracci LM, de Oliveira Chami V, Pereira DD, Tomazoni F, Silva TB et al. TMD diagnosis: sen-sitivity and specificity of the Fonseca anamnestic in-dex. Cranio. 2023;41:199–203.
• 12. Topuz MF, Oghan F, Ceyhan A, Ozkan Y, Erdogan O, Musmul A, et al. Assessment of the severity of tem-poromandibular disorders in females: validity and reliability of the Fonseca anamnestic index. Cranio. 2023;41:84–7.
• 13. Fonseca DM da, Bonfante G, Valle AL do, Freitas SFT de. Diagnóstico pela anamnese da disfunção cranio-mandibular. RGO (Porto Alegre). 1994;23–8.
• 14. Kaynak BA, Taş S, Salkın Y. The accuracy and reliabi-lity of the Turkish version of the Fonseca anamnestic index in temporomandibular disorders. Cranio. 2023;41:78–83.
• 15. Tecco S, Crincoli V, Di Bisceglie B, Saccucci M, Macrí M, Polimeni A, Festa F. Signs and symptoms of tem-poromandibular joint disorders in Caucasian children and adolescents. Cranio. 2011;29:71–9.
• 16. Pedroni CR, De Oliveira AS, Guaratini MI. Prevalence study of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in university students. J Oral Rehabil. 2003;30:283–9.
• 17. Yap AU, Zhang MJ, Lei J, Fu KY. Accuracy of the Fon-seca Anamnestic Index for identifying pain-related and/or intra-articular Temporomandibular Disorders. Cranio. 2021;1–8.
• 18. Jerjes W, Madland G, Feinmann C, Hopper C, Kumar M, Upile T et al. A psychological comparison of tempo-romandibular disorder and chronic daily headache: are there targets for therapeutic interventions? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007;103:367–73.
• 19. Türken R, Kutalmış Büyük S, Yaşa Y. Diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinde temporomandibular eklem rahatsızlıklarının ve ağız sağlığı alışkanlıklarının de-ğerlendirilmesi. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg. 2020; 11:208-13.
• 20. Bayramoğlu Z, Gümrükçü Z. Diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinde temporomandibular eklem disfonksi-yonunun prevalansı ve anksiyete-depresyon ilişkisi-nin değerlendirilmesi. SDÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;12:124–30.
• 21. Nomura K, Vitti M, Oliveira AS de, Chaves TC, Semp-rini M, Siéssere S, et al. Use of the Fonseca’s questi-onnaire to assess the prevalence and severity of tem-poromandibular disorders in Brazilian dental un-dergraduates. Braz Dent J. 2007;18:163–7.
• 22. Conti PC, Ferreira PM, Pegoraro LF, Conti JV, Salvador MC. A cross-sectional study of prevalence and etio-logy of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in high school and university students. J Orofac Pain. 1996;10:254–62.
• 23. Fernandes G, van Selms MKA, Gonçalves DAG, Lob-bezoo F, Camparis CM. Factors associated with tem-poromandibular disorders pain in adolescents. J Oral Rehabil. 2015;42:113–9.
• 24. Miyake R, Ohkubo R, Takehara J, Morita M. Oral para-functions and association with symptoms of tempo-romandibular disorders in Japanese university stu-dents. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31:518–23.
• 25. Omezli MM, Torul D, Varer Akpinar C. Temporoman-dibular disorder severity and its association with psychosocial and sociodemographic factors in Tur-kish adults. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23:1-9.
• 26. Carra MC, Huynh N, Morton P, Papadakis A, Remise C, Lavigne GJ. Prevalence and risk factors of sleep bruxism and wake-time tooth clenching in a 7- to 17-yr-old population. Eur J Oral Sci. 2011;119:386–94.
• 27. Koutris M, Lobbezoo F, Naeije M, Wang K, Svensson P, Arendt-Nielsen L, Farina D. Effects of intense chewing exercises on the masticatory sensory-motor system. J Dent Res. 2009;88:658–62.
• 28. Warren MP, Fried JL. Temporomandibular disorders and hormones in women. Cells Tissues Organs. 2001;169:187–92.
• 29. Wang J, Chao Y, Wan Q, Zhu Z. The possible role of estrogen in the incidence of temporomandibular di-sorders. Med Hypotheses. 2008;71:564–7.
• 30. Robinson JL, Johnson PM, Kister K, et al. Estrogen signaling impacts temporomandibular joint and peri-odontal disease pathology. Odontology 2020;108:153–65.
• 31. Ivković N, Racic M, Lecic R, et al. Relationship Between Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disor-ders and Estrogen Levels in Women With Different Menstrual Status. J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2018;32:151–8.