A Laboratory Experimental Study on the Performance of Jet Grout Columns Optimized by Taguchi Method

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 458 - 474, 31.12.2025

İbrahim Hakkı Erkan

https://doi.org/10.47112/neufmbd.2026.106

Öz

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of manufacturing parameters on the mechanical performance of jet grout (JG) columns and to optimize these parameters using statistical design. The increasing demand for infrastructure on weak soils has made JG a widely adopted ground improvement technique for enhancing bearing capacity and reducing settlement. Four major manufacturing parameters—grout pressure, rod pull-out speed, rod rotation speed, and water/cement (W/C) ratio—were examined at three levels using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design. A custom-designed laboratory-scale JG system was developed to replicate field conditions. A total of 18 JG columns were produced. Column diameter and unconfined compressive strength (qu) were measured on core samples extracted from each column. The results showed that grout pressure was the most influential factor on column diameter (43%) and also on unconfined compressive strength (36.5%). Higher W/C ratios and pull-out speeds led to decreased strength and column homogeneity, while increased rod rotation speed enhanced strength but slightly reduced diameter. Core sample analysis revealed a significant reduction in strength from the core center to the outer edges. Optimal performance was achieved with low pull-out speeds and moderate rotation rates. The study highlights the critical role of optimized parameter selection in improving JG column performance. Future research should explore larger-scale field experiments across varied soil types. Investigating eco-friendly binders and advanced nozzle designs is also recommended to enhance both environmental and mechanical performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jet grout columns , Taguchi method , Soil improvement , JG injection pressure JG pull out-rotataion speed

Etik Beyan

This study is derived from the Ph.D. dissertation of Dr. İbrahim Hakkı ERKAN. His esteemed doctoral advisor, Prof. Dr. Özcan TAN, passed away on January 6, 2020. This work is dedicated to the cherished memory of Prof. Dr. Özcan TAN, who will always be remembered with deep respect and gratitude for his academic legacy, guidance, and profound humanity. This study was supported as part of the Ph.D. dissertation project of İbrahim Hakkı Erkan by the Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Coordinatorship of Selçuk University. The authors would also like to express their gratitude to TÜBİTAK for their valuable support.

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was supported by the Selçuk University Scientific Researcher Project Coordinatorship project coded 11101027.

Proje Numarası

11101027

Teşekkür

TÜBİTAK

Taguchi Yöntemi ile Optimize Edilen Jet Grout Kolonlarının Performansına İlişkin Laboratuvar Deneysel Çalışması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, jet grout (JG) yöntemiyle oluşturulan kolonların mekanik performansına etki eden üretim parametrelerinin belirlenmesi ve bu parametrelerin optimizasyonudur. Zayıf zeminlerde yapılaşmanın artmasıyla birlikte JG yöntemi, taşıma gücü artırımı ve zemin iyileştirmede sıklıkla tercih edilen bir teknik haline gelmiştir. Çalışmada, enjeksiyon basıncı, tij çekilme hızı, tij dönme hızı ve su/çimento (S/Ç) oranı olmak üzere dört üretim parametresi ele alınmıştır. Her parametre üç seviyede test edilmiş ve deneysel tasarım, Taguchi L9 ortogonal dizilimi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Özel olarak tasarlanmış laboratuvar tipi JG deney düzeneği kullanılarak toplam 18 kolon üretilmiştir. Kolonlardan alınan karot örnekleri ile serbest basınç dayanımı testleri yapılmış ve kolon çapı ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, kolon çapı üzerinde en etkili parametrenin %43 oranla enjeksiyon basıncı olduğunu; serbest basınç dayanımı üzerinde ise %36,5 oranla yine enjeksiyon basıncının en belirleyici değişken olduğunu göstermiştir. S/Ç oranı ve tij çekilme hızındaki artışlar dayanımı olumsuz etkilerken; düşük çekilme hızlarında ve yüksek dönme hızlarında daha homojen ve dayanıklı kolonlar elde edilmiştir. Kolon kesit analizleri, çekirdekten dışa doğru dayanımın azaldığını göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, JG kolon performansının iyileştirilmesinde üretim parametrelerinin dikkatli seçimi kritik öneme sahiptir. Gelecek çalışmalarda farklı zemin türlerinde geniş ölçekli saha deneyleri önerilmekte; ayrıca çevresel etkileri azaltmak için alternatif bağlayıcı malzemelerin ve inovatif enjeksiyon uçlarının geliştirilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jet grout kolon , Taguchi yöntemi , Zemin iyileştirme , Jet grout enjeksiyon basıncı , Jet grout çekme ve dönme hızı

Proje Numarası

11101027

Kaynakça

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