Gümüş Nanoparçacıklarına Çinko Katkılanmasının Toksik Organik Boyaların Bozunmasının Artırılmasına Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 56 - 76

Merve Akbayrak , Ümran Ata , Tuğba Nur Aslan

Öz

Bu çalışmada, gümüş nanoparçacıkların katalitik verimliliğini artırmak amacıyla, Çinko katkılı Gümüş Nanoparçacıklar (Zn katkılı Ag NP'ler) sentezlenmiştir. Polygonum cognatum özütü ile çinko katkılama oranı sistematik olarak değiştirilerek (çıplak Ag NP, %1,6 Zn katkılı Ag NP ve %9,0 Zn katkılı Ag NP) kontrollü bir yeşil sentez yapılmıştır. Endüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma Optik Emisyon Spektroskopisi (ICP-OES), Taramalı Geçirimli Elektron Mikroskopisi (STEM), Enerji Dağılımlı X-Işını Spektroskopisi (EDS), X-ışını Floresansı (XRF), X-ışını Kırınımı (XRD) ve Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi Spektroskopisi (FTIR) analizleri, NP’lerin oluşumunu, elemental içeriğini, kristal yapısını ve Zn'nin Ag NP matrisine etkili bir şekilde dahil edildiğini doğrulamıştır. Yeşil sentezlenmiş Zn katkılı Ag NP'lerin, indirgeyici ajan olarak sodyum borohidrür (NaBH4) çözeltisi kullanılarak metil turuncusunun (MO) ve metilen mavisinin (MB) bozunmasındaki katalitik aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre, Zn katkılı Ag NP'ler çıplak Ag NP'lere kıyasla üstün katalitik performans sergilemiştir. Sonuçlar, %9,0 Zn katkılı Ag NP'nin MO'yu 15 dakika içinde 0,2199 dk-1 hız sabiti (kapp) ve 1,65 x 10-3 mol.g-1 dk-1 devir frekansı (TOF) ile %96,56 oranında parçaladığını göstermektedir. MB degradasyonunda parçalama yüzdesi, 0,4445 dk-1 kapp ve 2,54 x 10-3 mol.g-1dk-1 TOF ile 10 dakikada %98,38'e, ulaşmıştır. Her iki boya için de Zn katkılama miktarının %1,6'dan %9,0'a çıkarılması reaksiyon sürelerini büyük ölçüde kısaltmış ve bozunma verimliliğini artırmıştır. 9.0 % Zn katkılı Ag NP'lerin toksik organik boyaların hızlı ve verimli bir şekilde bozunması için oldukça etkili katalizörler olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, çevresel arıtma ve diğer uygulamalar için daha etkili ve özelleştirilebilir katalitik malzemelerin geliştirilmesini sağlayacak olan çinko katkılama yoluyla gümüş nanopartiküllerin etkinliğinin ayarlanabilirliği hakkında değerli bilgiler sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çinko, Gümüş, Metil Turuncusu, Metilen Mavisi, Nanoparçacık

Influence of Zinc Doping Ratio on Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized via Green Method for Enhanced Catalytic Degradation of Toxic Organic Dyes

Öz

Zinc doped Silver Nanoparticles (Zn doped Ag NPs) were synthesized in this study to improve catalytic efficiency of Ag NPs. A controlled green synthesis was achieved with Polygonum cognatum extract by systematically varying zinc doping ratio (bare Ag NP, 1.6% Zn-doped Ag NP, and 9.0% Zn-doped Ag NP). Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses verified the NP formation, its elemental content, crystal structure and successful incorporation of Zn into the Ag NP matrix. The catalytic activity of green synthesized Zn doped Ag NPs was investigated in the degradation of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing agent. According to results, Zn doped Ag NPs exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to bare Ag NPs. The results indicate that the 9.0% Zn-doped Ag NP degraded MO 96.56% in 15 minutes at a rate constant (kapp) of 0.2199 min⁻¹ and turnover frequency (TOF) of 1.65 x 10⁻³ mol.g⁻¹ min⁻¹. In MB degradation, it reached 98.38% in 10 minutes with a kapp of 0.4445 min⁻1 and a TOF of 2.54 x 10-3 mol.g-1 min-1. For both dyes, increasing the doping amount of Zn from 1.6% to 9.0% greatly shortened reaction times and improved degradation efficiency. 9.0% Zn doped Ag NPs were found highly effective catalysts for the rapid and efficient degradation of toxic organic dyes. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the tunability of silver nanoparticles’ activity through zinc doping, which will enable the development of more effective and customizable catalytic materials for environmental treatment and other applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metyl Orange, Metylene Blue, Nanoparticles, Silver, Zinc

Kaynakça

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