Seeking Global Peace in Difficult Times: World Order Models Project

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 260 - 276, 29.06.2025

Mustafa Cüneyt Özşahin

Öz

The World Order Models Project (WOMP) emerged as one of the rare initiatives which advocated the search for peace in the securitized climate of the Cold War years. Challenging mainstream theories of International Relations since the 1960s, the World Order Models Project (WOMP) has evolved into a powerful intellectual initiative. The World Order Models Project (WOMP), which includes academics from different countries with different perspectives, has succeeded in reaching a consensus on common values and has put forward an ambitious program. The World Order Models Project (WOMP) proposes a comprehensive global transformation model as a solution to many problems, ranging from wars to poverty and ecological destruction. This proposal for a new world order aims to make international institutions more inclusive and equitable. In this review study, the role and importance of the World Order Models Project (WOMP) at the time of its inception will be discussed. In this context, the emergence conditions, claims, and prominent theorists of the World Order Models Project (WOMP) will be examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

The World Order Models Project (WOMP) , Cold War , Normative Theory

Zor Zamanda Küresel Barışı Aramak: Dünya Düzeni Modelleri Projesi

Öz

Dünya Düzeni Modelleri Projesi (DDMP), Soğuk Savaş yıllarının güvenlikçi ikliminde barışı aramayı savunan nadir girişimlerden biri olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. 1960’lı yıllardan itibaren ana akım Uluslararası İlişkiler kuramlarına meydan okuyan Dünya Düzeni Modelleri Projesi (DDMP), zaman içerisinde güçlü bir entelektüel girişime dönüşmüştür. Bünyesinde dünyanın farklı ülkelerinden farklı perspektiflere sahip akademisyenleri barındıran Dünya Düzeni Modelleri Projesi (DDMP), ortak değerler üzerine mutabakat sağlamayı başarmış ve iddialı bir program ortaya koymuştur. Dünya Düzeni Modelleri Projesi (DDMP) savaşlardan, yoksulluğa ve ekolojik yıkıma kadar pek çok sorun karşısında çözüm olarak küresel düzeyde kapsamlı bir dönüşüm modeli önermektedir. Sözkonusu yeni dünya düzeni önerisi uluslararası kurumların daha kapsayıcı ve adaletli hale getirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Bir derleme niteliğindeki bu çalışmada Dünya Düzeni Modelleri Projesi (DDMP)’nin ortaya çıktığı dönemde oynadığı rol ve önemi tartışılacaktır. Bu kapsamda Dünya Düzeni Modelleri Projesi (DDMP)’nin ortaya çıkış koşulları, iddiaları ve önemli kuramcıları incelenecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dünya Düzeni Modelleri Projesi (DDMP) , Soğuk Savaş , Normatif Kuram

Kaynakça

• Acar, Abdullah. "İslam ve Batı Medeniyetinin Hak, Emanet ve Adalet Anlayışları." Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, C.47, S.47, 2019, s.277-312.
• Boyer, William. "World Order Education: What Is It?." Phi Delta Kappan, C.56, S. 8, 1975, s.524-527. Cabrera, Luis. "Advancing Global Citizenship and Cosmopolitanism in an Age of Globoskepticism: Insights from the World Order Models Project." Globalizations, C.20, S. 7, 2023, s.1102-1119.
• Dalby, Simon. Creating the Second Cold War: The Discourse of Politics, Guilford Publications, New York, 1990.
• Dalby, Simon. "Contesting an Essential Concept: Reading the Dilemmas in Contemporary Security Discourse." Critical Security Studies: Concepts and Cases, Ed. Keith Krause / Michael C. Williams, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN, 1997, s.3-31.
• Engerman, David C . "Social Science in the Cold War." Isis, C.101, S. 2, 2010, s. 393-400.
• Falk, Richard A./ Mendlovitz, Saul H. "Towards a Warless World: One Legal Formula to Achieve Transition." The Yale Law Journal, C.73, S. 3, 1964, s. 399-424.
• Falk, Richard A. "Can International Law Contribute to World Order?." The American Journal of International Law, C. 66, S. 4, 1972, s. 268-278.
• Falk, Richard A. "Toward a New World Order: Modest Methods and Drastic Visions." On the Creation of a Just World Order: Preferred Worlds for the 1990's, Ed. Saul H. Mendlovitz, Free Press, New York, 1975, s. 211-258.
• Falk, Richard A. A Study of Future Worlds., Free Press, New York, 1975.
• Falk, Richard A. "Contending Approaches to World Order." Journal of International Affairs C.31, S. 2, 1977, s.171-198.
• Falk, Richard, "The World Order Models Project and Its Critics: A Reply." International Organization, C. 32, S. 2, 1978, s. 531-545. Falk, Richard A. "From Geopolitics to Geogovernance: Womp and Contemporary Political Discourse." Alternatives, C.19, S. 2, 1994, s.145-154.
• Falk, Richard A. On Humane Governance: Toward a New Global Politics., Penn State Press, Pennsylvania, 1995.
• Falk, Richard A. "Resisting ‘Globalisation‐from‐above’ through ‘Globalisation‐from‐Below’." New Political Economy, C.2, S. 1, 1997, s.17-24.
• Falk, Richard A. "State of Siege: Will Globalization Win Out?." International Affairs C.73, S. 1, 1997, s.123-136.
• Farer, Tom J. "The Greening of the Globe: A Preliminary Appraisal of the World Order Models Project: (Womp)." International Organization, C.31, S. 1, 1977, s.129-147. Galtung, Johan, True Worlds: A Transnational Perspective., Free Press, New York, 1980.
• Galtung, Johan. "Nonterritoral Actors and the Problem of Peace." On the Creation of Just World Order: Preferred
• Worlds for the 1990's, Ed. Saul H. Mendlovitz, The Free Press, New York, 1975, s.151-188. Hollins, Harry B. "Is There Hope for Man? A New Phase in the Work of the Institute for World Order." Planning Review, C.3, S. 1, 1975, s.8-11.
• Institute for World Order Records, MC 1275, Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries, https://archives.libraries.rutgers.edu/repositories/11/resources/791, Accessed February 16, 2025.
• Kaya, Mevlüt Alper. "Egemenlik Kavramı ve Siyasi Düşünürler." Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, C.5, S. 1, 2022, s.213-235.
• Kılıç, Muharrem, "İnsan Haklarının Küresel Yönetişimi: Değersel ve Sistemsel Kriz." Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, C.73, S.3, 2024, s.1799-1836.
• Kim, Samuel S. "The World Order Models Project and Its Strange Critics." Journal of Political & Military Sociology, C. 9, S. 1, 1981, s.109-115. Kothari, Rajni. "National Autonomy and World Order: An Indian Perspective." American Journal of International Law, C. 66, S. 5, 1972, 257-268.
• Kothari, Rajni. "World Politics and World Order: The Issue of Autonomy." On the Creation of Just World Order: Preferred Worlds for the 1990's, Ed. Saul H. Mendlovitz, The Free Press, New York, 1975, s.39-69.
• Mazrui, Ali A. "World Order through World Culture." The American Journal of International Law, C. 66, S. 4, 1972, s. 252-257.
• McKeil, Aaron. "Revisiting the World Order Models Project: A Case for Renewal?." Global Policy, C.13, S. 4, 2022, s. 417-426
• Mendlovitz, Saul H., Readings and a Discussion Guide for a Seminar on Legal and Political Problems of World Order., Fund for Education Concerning World Peace through World Law, New York, 1962.
• Mendlovitz, Saul H. "Introduction." On the Creation of a Just World Order: Preferred Worlds for the 1990's, Ed. Saul H. Mendlovitz, Free Press, New York, 1975, s.vii-xviii.
• Mendlovitz, Saul H. "The Program of the Institute for World Order." Journal of International Affairs, C.31, S. 2, 1977, s.259-265.
• Mendlovitz, Saul H. "A Perspective on the Cutting Edge of World Order Inquiry: The Past, Present and Future of Womp." International Interactions, C.8, S. 1-2,1981, s.151-60. Mendlovitz, Saul H. "On the Creation of a Just World Order: An Agenda for a Program of Inquiry and Praxis." Alternatives, C.7, S. 3, 1981, s.355-73.
• Mendlovitz, Saul H./ Sakamoto, Yoshikazu /Sheth, Dhirubhai/ Walker, R. B. J. "Alternatives for the 1990s." Alternatives, C.15, S.1,1990, s.1-2.
• Mendlovitz, Saul H. "The Emergence of Womp in the Normative Tradition: Biography and Theory." Principled World Politics: The Challenge of Normative International Relations, Ed. Paul Wapner / Lester E. J. Ruiz, Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland, 2000, s. 311-321.
• Oakes, Guy/ Stunkel, Kenneth. "In Search of Womp." Journal of Political & Military Sociology, C. 9, S. 1, 1981, s.83-99.
• Oakes, Guy/ Stunkel, Kenneth. "Reply: Waiting for Womp." Journal of Political & Military Sociology, C.9, S. 1, 1981, s.117-120.
• Pegram, Tom. "Governing Relationships: The New Architecture in Global Human Rights Governance." Millennium: Journal of International Studies, C.43, S.2, 2015, s. 618-639.
• Rogers, Paul. "Peace Studies." Contemporary Security Studies, Third Edition, Ed. Alan Collins, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2013, s. 54-66.
• Rogers, Paul/ Ramsbotham, Oliver. "Then and Now: Peace Research—Past and Future." Political Studies, C. 47, S. 4, 1999, s. 740-754.
• Smith, Chris "Disarmament, Peace Movements and the Third World." Third World Quarterly C.6, S. 4, 1984, s.892- 910.
• Sylvester, Christine. "In Defense of the World Order Models Project: A Behavioralist's Response." Journal of Political & Military Sociology, C.9, S. 1, 1981, s.101-108.
• Türcan, Talip. "Sovereignty-Political Power Distinction as the Theoretical Basis of the Concept of the State of Law-A Comparative Study in the Context of Islamic and Western Legal Thought." Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, Cumhuriyet’in 100’üncü Yılı Armağanı, C.5, S.1, 2024, s. 336-349.
• Walker, R.B. J. One World, Many Worlds: Struggles for a Just World Peace., Lynne Rienner, Boulder, Colorado, 1988.
• Walker, R.B.J. "World Politics and Western Reason: Universalism, Pluralism, Hegemony." Alternatives, C 7, S. 2, 1981, s. 195-227. Weiss, Thomas. Global Governance, Why, What, Whither?, Polity Press, Cambridge, 2013.
• Wapner, Paul. "The Resurgence and Metamorphosis of Normative International Relations: Principled Commitment and Scholarship in a New Millennium." Principled World Politics: The Challenge of Normative International Relations, Ed. Paul Wapner / Lester E. J. Ruiz, Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland, 2000, s.1-22.