Sosyal Ağlarda İmrenme: Bir Sistematik Derleme

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 305 - 320, 31.12.2024

Cemil Akkaş

Öz

Son yıllarda yoğun kullanılan sosyal ağ siteleri (SAS), farklı psikolojik problemlerle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu problemlerden biri olan imrenme (iyi veya kötü niyetli) ile SAS kullanımı arasındaki ilişkiye dair araştırmaların son yıllarda arttığı göz önüne alındığında, bu çalışma, sistematik bir literatür taraması yoluyla bu ilişkiyi inceleyen ampirik çalışmalara dair bir derleme sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Tarama süreci sonucunda 23 makale PRISMA kılavuzlarına uygun olarak incelemeye dahil edilmiştir. İlk olarak, derlemede yer alan çalışmaların örneklem ülkesi, veri toplama yöntemi, veri analiz yöntemi vb. sunulmuştur. Sonrasında, SAS kullanımı ile imrenme ilişkisine dair bulgulara yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca, SAS imrenmesinin kavramsal zemini ve SAS imrenmesine verilen psikolojik sonuçlar vurgulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda SAS kullanması ile imrenme ilişkisinin genel olarak pozitif ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, bazı çalışmalar ise bir ilişki bulunmadığını rapor ederken, yalnızca bir çalışma negatif bir ilişki bildirmiştir. Bunun yanısıra, SAS kullanımı ile imrenme arasındaki ilişkinin örneklem ve çalışılan platformlara göre önemli ölçüde değiştiği görülmektedir. Bu sistematik derleme, bundan sonraki çalışmalar için araştırmacılara SAS kullanımı ile imrenme ilişkisinin kapsamlı bir görünümünü sunmakla birlikte çeşitli çıkarımlar ve önerilerde bulunmaktadır. Son olarak ise SAS kullanıcılarına SAS yoluyla imrenmenin raporlanmış zararlarından korunmak için önerilerde bulunulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sosyal Ağlar, İmrenme, Sistematik Derleme, Instagram, Kıskanma

Kaynakça

• Appel, H., Gerlach, A. & Crusius, J. (2016). The interplay between Facebook use, social comparison, envy, and depression. Current Opinion in Psychology, 9: 44-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COPSYC.2015.10.006
• Asdecker, B. (2022). Travel-related influencer content on instagram: How social media fuels wanderlust and how to mitigate the effect. Sustainability, 14(2): 855.
• Carraturo, F., Perna, T.D., Giannicola, V., Nacchia, M.A., Pepe, M., Muzii, B., Bottone, M., Sperandeo, R., Bochicchio, V., Maldonato, N. & Scandurra, C. (2023). Envy, Social Comparison, and Depression on Social Networking Sites: A Systematic Review. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 13: 364-376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13020027
• Charoensukmongkol, P. (2018). The Impact of Social Media on Social Comparison and Envy in Teenagers: The Moderating Role of the Parent Comparing Children and In-group Competition among Friends. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(1): 69-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0872-8
• Cheng, W., Nguyen, D.N., & Nguyen, P.N.T. (2023). The association between passive social network usage and depression/negative emotions with envy as a mediator. Scientific Reports, 13(1): 10097.
• Chow, T.S., & Wan, H. Y. (2017). Is there any ‘Facebook Depression’? Exploring the moderating roles of neuroticism, Facebook social comparison and envy. Personality and Individual Differences, 119: 277-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.07.032
• Crusius, J., & Lange, J. (2014). What catches the envious eye? Attentional biases within malicious and benign envy. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 55: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.05.007
• Çalişkan, T., Gündüz, Ş., & Kocaoğlu, M. (2023). Lise Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Medyada Mahremiyet ve Güvenlik Algılarının Belirlenmesi. Five Zero, 3(2): 284-299. https://doi.org/10.54486/fivezero.2023.29
• Dilmaç, B., & Türkel, Z. (2019). Ergenlerde Sosyal Medya Kullanımı, Yalnızlık ve Yaşam Doyumu Arasındaki Yordayıcı İlişkiler. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Ereğli Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1): 57-70.
• Ding, Q., Zhang, Y.-X., Wei, H., Huang, F., & Zhou, Z.-K. (2017). Passive social network site use and subjective well-being among Chinese university students: A moderated mediation model of envy and gender. Personality and Individual Differences, 113: 142-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.027
• Iqbal, T., Yousafzai, M. T., Ali, S., Sattar, K., Saleem, M. Q., Habib, U. & Khan, A. U. R. (2018). There’s no such thing as free lunch but envy among young facebookers. KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems, 12(10): 4724-4737. https://doi.org/10.3837/tiis.2018.10.006
• Jin, S. V. & Ryu, E. (2022). “A Streetcar Named Instagram Desire”: Evolutionary Psychological Perspectives on the Multifarious Human Desires That Shape Instagram Selfie-and-Groupfie Cultures. Behavioral Sciences, 12(10): 396.
• Kim, W., Jeong, O.-R., & Lee, S.-W. (2010). On social Web sites. Special Section: Context-Oriented Information Integration, 35(2): 215-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2009.08.003
• Krasnova, H., Widjaja, T., Buxmann, P., Wenninger, H. & Benbasat, I. (2015). Why following friends can hurt you: An exploratory investigation of the effects of envy on social networking sites among college-age users. Information Systems Research, 26(3): 585-605. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2015.0588
• Lajunen, T. & Haug, I. (2023). The Relationships Between Instagram Use, Emotional and Behavioural Responses, Self-Esteem, Emotional Investment, and Social Comparison. Sage Open, 13(3):1-22 https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231193916
• Lange, J., Blatz, L. & Crusius, J. (2018). Dispositional Envy: A Conceptual Review. Içinde V. Zeigler-Hill & T. Shackelford, The SAGE Handbook of Personality and Individual Differences: Volume III: Applications of Personality and Individual Differences (: 424-439). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526451248.n18
• Latif, K., Weng, Q., Pitafi, A. H., Ali, A., Siddiqui, A. W., Malik, M. Y. & Latif, Z. (2021). Social comparison as a double-edged sword on social media: The role of envy type and online social identity. Telematics and Informatics, 56: 101470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.101470
• Liu, Y., Yang, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Will people travel because of envy? The influence of travel experience sharing on the post-90s WeChat users. Current Issues in Tourism. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2023.2241605
• Luthar, S.S., Suh, B.C., Ebbert, A.M. & Kumar, N.L. (2020). Students in High-Achieving Schools: Perils of Pressures to Be “Standouts”. Adversity and Resilience Science, 1(2): 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42844-020-00009-3
• Meier, A. & Johnson, B. K. (2022). Social comparison and envy on social media: A critical review. Current Opinion in Psychology, 45: 101302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101302
• Ng, J. C. K., Lin, E. S. S. & Lee, V. K. Y. (2023). Does Instagram make you speak ill of others or improve yourself? A daily diary study on the moderating role of malicious and benign envy. Computers in Human Behavior, 148: 107873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107873
• Ponnusamy, S., Iranmanesh, M., Foroughi, B. & Hyun, S.S. (2020). Drivers and outcomes of Instagram addiction: Psychological well-being as moderator. Computers in Human Behavior, 10: 106294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106294
• Rozgonjuk, D., Sindermann, C., Elhai, J. D. & Montag, C. (2020). Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and social media’s impact on daily-life and productivity at work: Do WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat Use Disorders mediate that association? Addictive Behaviors, 110: 106487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106487
• Scherr, S., Toma, C. L. & Schuster, B. (2019). Depression as a Predictor of Facebook Surveillance and Envy: Longitudinal Evidence from a Cross-Lagged Panel Study in Germany. Journal of Media Psychology, 31(4): 196-202. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000247
• Sharifian, N., Zaheed, A.B., & Zahodne, L. B. (2022). The Role of Envy in Linking Active and Passive Social Media Use to Memory Functioning. Psychology of Popular Media, 11(1): 80-89. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000318
• Smith, R. H. (2004). Envy and Its Transmutations. Eds. L. Z. Tiedens & C. W. Leach. içinde The Social Life of Emotions (:43-63). Cambridge University Press.
• Tandoc, E.C. Ferrucci, P. & Duffy, M. (2015). Facebook use, envy, and depression among college students: Is facebooking depressing? Computers in Human Behavior, 43: 139-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.10.053
• Tandoc Jr E.C. & Goh, Z.H. (2023). Is Facebooking really depressing? Revisiting the relationships among social media use, envy, and depression. Information, Communication & Society, 26(3): 551-567.
• Taylor, D.G. (2020). Putting the “self” in selfies: How narcissism, envy and self-promotion motivate sharing of travel photos through social media. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 37(1): 64-77.
• Taylor, D. G., & Strutton, D. (2016). Does Facebook usage lead to conspicuous consumption?: The role of envy, narcissism and self-promotion. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 10(3), 231-248. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-01-2015-0009
• TDK (2024). https://sozluk.gov.tr/?kelime=imrenmek, Erişim Tarihi: 15 Aralık 2024
• Thompson, A. (2024). Digital 2024: 5 billion social media users. We Are Social UK. Erişim Adresi: https://wearesocial.com/uk/blog/2024/01/digital-2024-5-billion-social-media-users/ Erişim Tarihi: 30 Ocak 2024
• Tian, Y., Yang, J. & Chuenterawong, P. (2023). Share or not? Effects of Stereotypes on Social Media Engagement Using the Stereotype Content Model. Journalism Practice, 17(3): 574-600. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2021.1927804
• Tobin, S. J., Chant, G. & Clay, R. (2020). Interpersonal goals as predictors of Facebook use, social capital, and envy. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 23(4): 257-263.
• Wang, H.Z., Yang, T.T., Gaskin, J. & Wang, J.L. (2019). The longitudinal association between passive social networking site usage and depressive symptoms: The mediating role of envy and moderating role of life satisfaction. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 38(3): 181-199.
• Weber, S., Messingschlager, T. & Stein, J.P. (2022). This is an insta-vention! Exploring cognitive countermeasures to reduce negative consequences of social comparisons on Instagram. Media Psychology, 25(3): 411-440.
• Wenninger, H., Cheung, C.M. & Chmielinski, M. (2021). Understanding envy and users’ responses to envy in the context of social networking sites: A literature review. International Journal of Information Management, 58: 102303.
• Yılmaz, E. & Kağan, S. (2022). Covid-19 Sürecinde Evlilik Uyumu ve Çatışma Çözme Becerileri Arasındaki İlişkide Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığının Aracı Rolü. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Ereğli Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(2): 84-95. Zhou, M. & Zhang, X. (2019). Online social networking and subjective well-being: Mediating effects of envy and fatigue. Computers & Education, 140: 103598.