Classification of Financial Ratios for BIST Manufacturing Sector Companies By Principal Axis Factor Analysis

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 436 - 447, 31.12.2024

Raad Hasan Abdo Naji Al-galal , Ümran Münire Kahraman

Öz

It can be said that financial analysis is an unavoidable requirement for companies. A company's board of directors, investors, creditors and anyone else interested in the company can use financial analysis to reveal the true financial position of the company. There are various methods for financial analysis, the most common of which is the analysis of financial ratios. There are many financial ratios in the literature and many of them are correlated. It is more advantageous for statistical analyses to derive a small number of new variables that explain a large portion of the variance of an aggregate of variables. This study aims to classify financial ratios for BIST Manufacturing Sector Companies using principal axis factor analysis and express them as new independent variables. As a result, five factors were extracted using principal axis factor analysis method and 22 financial ratios were distributed to these five factors. By reading the factor saturation results, it was determined that the number of saturated financial ratios appropriate for the sample size was 16 financial ratios.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Financial ratio analysis, Principal axis component analysis, BIST, Manufacturing sector

BIST İMALAT SEKTÖRÜ ŞİRKETLERİ İÇİN FİNANSAL ORANLARIN TEMEL EKSEN FAKTÖR ANALİZİ İLE SINIFLANDIRILMASI

Öz

Finansal analizin şirketler için kaçınılmaz bir gereklilik olduğu söylenebilir. Bir şirketin yönetim kurulu, yatırımcıları, alacaklıları ve şirketle ilgilenen diğer herkes, şirketin gerçek mali durumunu ortaya çıkarmak için mali analizi kullanabilir. Finansal analiz için çeşitli yöntemler vardır, bunlardan en yaygın olanı finansal oranların analizidir. Literatürde birçok finansal oran vardır ve bunların birçoğu birbiriyle ilişkilidir. Bir değişkenler toplamının varyansının büyük bir kısmını açıklayan az sayıda yeni değişken türetmek istatistiksel analizler için daha avantajlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, temel eksen faktör analizi kullanarak BIST İmalat Sektörü Şirketleri için finansal oranları sınıflandırmak ve bunları yeni bağımsız değişkenler olarak ifade etmektir. Sonuç olarak, temel eksen faktör analizi yöntemi kullanılarak beş faktör çıkarılmış ve 22 finansal oran bu beş faktöre dağıtılmıştır. Faktör doygunluk sonuçları okunarak örneklem büyüklüğüne uygun doymuş finansal oran sayısının 16 finansal oran olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Finansal Oranlar, Temel Eksen Faktör Analizi, BIST

Kaynakça

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