Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes

Keriman Pekkan; Yalçın Gün

doi:10.17100/nevbiltek.368987

Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes

Öz

Frit based glaze is a thin glassy surface coating which gives technical and aesthetic value to the ceramic product after firing. Crystalline glazes are one of the most important type of artistic glazes formed through a controlled crystallization of glass during a special heat treatment. Crystals are visible to the naked eye and the product can have only a few single crystals on the surface or the entire surface can be coated with crystals. The preferred clay substrate for crystalline glazes is porcelain and in some cases may be used for the macrocrystallines. Usage of these types of glazes as porcelain tile coatings is an alternative choice for relevant ceramic industry and these glazes strongly enhance the visual quality of the final products. When designing crystalline glazes for porcelain tiles; besides the chemical composition, mechanical properties such as hardness is also an important factor. Within the scope of experimental studies, frit based crystalline glazes which consist of different nucleating agents such as MnO, Fe₂O₃, NiO, CoO, CuO and Cr₂O₃were applied on the raw porcelain bodies and then subjected to a special heat treatment cycle. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different metal oxides on crystallization capacity of newly developed fritted glaze compositions and Vickers hardness of the final products. Micro hardness of the glazes was measured with Vickers hardness test method. Characterization of crystalline glazes was done by x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hardness,crystallization,metal oxides

Kaynakça

[1]Şölenay, E., “Seramik Sanat Eğitiminde Sırlama ve Pişirme Yöntemleri El Kitabı” Murat Kitapevi, Ankara, 2012.
[2]Arcasoy, A., “Ceramics Technology” Marmara Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Seramik Ana Sanat Dalı Yayınları, İstanbul, 1983.
[3]Chavarrıa, J., “Ceramic Class: Glazing Techniques” Watson-Guptill Publishing, 1998.
[4]Quinn, G.D., “Hardness Testing of Ceramics” Advanced Materials & Processes, 1998.
[5]Parmelee, C. W., Harman, C. G., “Ceramic glazes” CBI Publishing, Boston, MA, 1973.
[6]ASTM, ASTM C., 1327-03, “Standard Test Method for Vickers Indentation Hardness of Advanced Ceramics” ASTM-International, Metals Park, OH, 2003.
[7] McColm, I.J., “Dictionary of Ceramic Science and Engineering” Plenum Press, New York, 1994.
[8]Karasu, B., Çakı, M., Turan, S., “The Development and Characterization of Zinc Crystal Glazes. Used for Amakusa-like Soft Porcelains” Jounal of the European Ceramic Society, 20(12), 2225-2231, 2000.

[9]Pekkan, K., “The Thermal and Microstructural behavior of a R2O–RO–(ZnO)–Al2O3–(TiO2)–SiO2 Based Macro-Crystalline Raw Glaze System” Ceramics International, 41(6), 7881–7889, 2015.
[10]Kartal, A., “Sır ve Sırlama Tekniği” Çizgi Matbaacılık, Ankara, 1998.
[11]Karasu, B., Turan, S., “Effects of Cobalt, Copper, Manganese and Titanium Oxide Additions on the Microstructures of Zinc Containing Soft Porcelain Glazes” Jounal of the European Ceramic Society, 22(9), 1447–1455, 2002.
[12]Pekkan, K., Taşçı, E, Gün, Y., “The Effect of ZnO on Development of Crystals in Crystal Glaze Applications” Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 30(2), 2015.
[13]Taylor, J.R., Bull, A.C., “Ceramics Glaze Technology” Oxford, Pergamon Books Inc.,Elmsford, NY, United States, 1986.
[14]Göncü, Y., “Investigation of the Usage of Wastes Containing ZnO in Crystal Glazes” Anadolu University, Graduate School of Sciences, Master of Science Thesis, Ceramic Engineering Program, Eskişehir, 2006.
[15]Gozalbo, A., Orts, M.J., Mestre, S., Gómez, P., Agut, P., Lucas, F., Blanco, C., “Ceramic Glazes With Aventurine Effect” In Qualicer 2006. IX World Congress on Ceramic Tile Quality, Castellon, Spain, Vol. 2, 189-202, 2006.
[16]Pekkan, K., Gün, Y., Taşçı, E., Gülaçtı, N., “Large Individual Crystals For Floor Tile Bodies” International Porous Powder Materials Symposium and Exhibition, İzmir, Türkiye, 450-455, 2015.
[17]Pekkan, K., Taşçı, E., Gülaçtı, E., Ürersoy, Y., Gün, Y., Ateş, H.A., “The Evaluatıon of Frit Based Artistic Crystalline Glaze Systems Using as Industrial Floor Tile Glazes” Scientific Research Project, Project Final Report, 2014-48. 2014.
[18]Rudkovskaya, N.V., “Mikhailenko, N.Y., Decorative Zinc-Containing Crystalline Glazes for Ornamental Ceramics (A Review)” Glass and Ceramics, 58(11), 387–390, 2001.
[19]Escardino, A., Amoros, J.L., Gozalbo, A., Orts, M.J., Moreno, A., “Gahnite devitrification in ceramic frits: mechanism and process kinetics” Journal of American Ceramic Society, 83(12), 2938–2944, 2000.
[20]Lewis, M.H., “Glasses and Glass Ceramics” Chapman and Hall, New York, 1989.
[21]Mirhadi, B., Mehdikhani, B., “Crystallization behavior and microstructure of (CaO•ZrO2•SiO2)–Cr2O3-based glasses” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 357(22), 3711–3716, 2011.
[22]Kingery, W.D., Bowen, H.K., Uhlmann, D.R., “Introduction to Ceramics” John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1976.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Mühendislik

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Keriman Pekkan ^*
DUMLUPINAR ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Türkiye

Yalçın Gün
DUMLUPINAR ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Haziran 2018

Gönderilme Tarihi

20 Aralık 2017

Kabul Tarihi

7 Haziran 2018

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2018 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.368987

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA62KT77XL

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Pekkan, K., & Gün, Y. (2018). Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 7(1), 32-40. https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.368987

AMA

1.Pekkan K, Gün Y. Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. 2018;7(1):32-40. doi:10.17100/nevbiltek.368987

Chicago

Pekkan, Keriman, ve Yalçın Gün. 2018. “Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes”. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 7 (1): 32-40. https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.368987.

EndNote

Pekkan K, Gün Y (01 Haziran 2018) Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 7 1 32–40.

IEEE

[1]K. Pekkan ve Y. Gün, “Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes”, Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, c. 7, sy 1, ss. 32–40, Haz. 2018, doi: 10.17100/nevbiltek.368987.

ISNAD

Pekkan, Keriman - Gün, Yalçın. “Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes”. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 7/1 (01 Haziran 2018): 32-40. https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.368987.

JAMA

1.Pekkan K, Gün Y. Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. 2018;7:32–40.

MLA

Pekkan, Keriman, ve Yalçın Gün. “Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes”. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, c. 7, sy 1, Haziran 2018, ss. 32-40, doi:10.17100/nevbiltek.368987.

Vancouver

1.Keriman Pekkan, Yalçın Gün. Effect of Different Metal Oxides On Vickers Hardness of the Frit Based Crystalline Glazes. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. 01 Haziran 2018;7(1):32-40. doi:10.17100/nevbiltek.368987

Cited By

Surface Modification of Stainless Steel 40Х13 by Ultrasonic Impact Treatment in Various Atmospheres

METALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII

https://doi.org/10.15407/mfint.44.09.1117

Use of İzmit Gulf bottom sludge as a raw material component: eco-friendly wall tile glaze composition

Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society

https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-026-01352-x