Bazı İlaç Kalıntılarının US ve US/H2O2 Prosesleri ile Giderimi

Yıl 2017, Cilt:6 ICOCEE Özel Sayı, 371 - 379, 27.12.2017

Gamze Sönmez Mustafa Işık

https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.322699

Öz

Klasik
atıksu arıtma tesisleri ilaçların tam ve etkin bir şekilde giderilmesi için
tasarlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle bazı ilaç kalıntıları su ortamlarına deşarj
edilebilir. İleri oksidasyon prosesleri bu kalıntıların giderilmesi için en çok
kullanılan yöntemlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ultrases (US) ve ultrases-H₂O₂
(US- H₂O₂) proseslerinin Karbamazepin, (CBZ), Kafein(CAF) ve Parasetamol(PAR)
ilaç kalıntılarının giderimin deki performanslarını değerlendirmektir. US-H₂O₂
prosesi farklı H₂O₂ konsantrasyonların da uygulanmıştır. Stok
H₂O₂ çözeltisi ultrasonik su banyosuna ilaç çözeltileri
yerleştirilmeden önce ilave edilmiştir. US-H₂O₂ prosesinde
1, 3, 5 ve 7 mg/L H₂O₂ konsantrasyonlarında
çalışılmıştır. Bu uygulamada amaç US-H₂O₂ prosesi için
optimum H₂O₂ konsantrasyonun belirlenmesidir. Tüm
çalışmalar 53 kHz frekansında ve 90W elektriksel güçteki ultrasonik su
banyosunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Proses süresi 60 dakikadır. Her bir ilaç için
giriş ve çıkış konsantrasyonları LC-MS/MS ile ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen deneysel
sonuçlar göstermiştir ki ultrases tek başına kullanıldığında, CBZ, CAF ve PAR
ilaç kalıntılarının giderimin de yeterli olamamıştır. Ancak,  US-H₂O₂ prosesi 7 mg/L
H₂O₂ konsantrasyonunda, 60 dakikalık proses süresi
sonunda sırasıyla CBZ için 33%, CAF için 25%, PAR için 31% giderim sağlamıştır.
US-H₂O₂ prosesin de H₂O₂ konsantrasyonundaki
artış tüm ilaç giderimlerini olumlu yönde etkilemiştir ve bu çalışma
göstermiştir ki H₂O₂ konsantrasyonu bu proses için önemli
bir işletme koşuludur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kafein, Karbamazepin, Parasetamol, Ultrases, Ultrases-H2O2

Removal of Some Pharmaceutical Residues by US and US/H2O2 Processes

Öz

Conventional sewage
treatment plants are not specifically designed for the efficient and complete
removal of pharmaceuticals. Eventually, some pharmaceutical residues may
discharge into the aquatic environment. Advanced oxidation processes are the
most commonly used methods for the removal of these residues. The aim of this
study was to evaluate the performance of ultrasonic(US) and ultrasonic-H₂O₂
processes on the removal of Carbamazepine(CBZ), Caffeine(CAF) and
Paracetamol(PAR). The US-H₂O₂ process was applied at
different H₂O₂ concentrations. The H₂O₂
stock solution was added to the pharmaceutical solutions before being placed in
the ultrasonic sound bath. The US/H₂O₂ process was
studied at 1, 3, 5 and 7 mg/L H₂O₂ concentrations. This
application is aimed to determine the optimal H₂O₂ concentration
for US-H₂O₂ process. All studies were carried out in
ultrasonic water bath which was operated at fixed 53 kHz frequency and 90 W
electrical power. The process time was set to 60 minutes. The inlet and outlet
concentrations for each pharmaceutical were measured by LC-MS/MS instrument. The
finding of experimental results show that US is not sufficiently effective for
the removal of CBZ, CAF and PAR residues. On the other hand, the US-H₂O₂
process was investigated. Approximately 33%, 25% and 31% removal
efficiencies were observed with 7 mg/L H₂O₂ concentration
for CBZ, CAF and PAR at the end of 60 minutes, respectively. The increase in
concentration of H₂O₂ affects positively the removal for
each pharmaceutical residue in US-H₂O₂ process. This
study has shown that H₂O₂ concentration is an important
operating condition for this process.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Caffeine, Carbamazepine, Paracetamol, Ultrasound, Ultrasound-H2O2

Kaynakça

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