SIĞINMACI VE MÜLTECİ SORUNU: ARAKANLI MÜSLÜMANLAR ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 1887 - 1896, 02.10.2022

Serdar Çakmak

https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1141047

Öz

Günümüzde yaşanan zorunlu göç sürecinde, sığınmacı, mülteci ve ülke içinde yerinden edilmiş kişilerin 70 milyonu aştığı dünyamızda birçok farklı sorun ortaya çıkmış ve halen çözülmeyi beklemektedir. Spesifik bağlamda ise Arakanlı Müslümanlar (Rohingyalılar)’ın hem Myanmar’da hem de Bangladeş’teki sığınmacı kamplarında yaşadıkları sıkıntılardan bahsedilecek olan bu makalede, yaşanan sorunlara çözüm önerileri de getirilmeye çalışılacaktır. Tüm bu yaşanan etnik temizlik ve soykırım suçlarının nedenini anlayabilmek için öncelikle Arakan coğrafyasının tarihinden, 18. yüzyıldan itibaren yaşanan işgallerden ve bu toplumun ne tür hak ihlallerine maruz kaldığından bahsetmek mantıklı olacaktır. Ayrıca, kavramsal tartışmaların önüne geçmek için sığınmacı ve mülteci kavramları Arakanlı Müslümanlarla bağlantılı olarak açıklanacak, Bangladeş’te yer alan ve dünyanın en büyük sığınmacı kamplarından birisi olan Kutupalong (Cox’s Bazar) sığınmacı kampında yaşanan zorluklardan, yardım örgütlerinin çabalarından ve alınması gereken acil önlemlerden bahsedilecektir. Birleşmiş Milletler’in açıklamasına göre, ‘dünya üzerinde en çok zulüm ve şiddet gören etnik topluluk’ olan Arakanlı Müslümanların sığınmacı kamplarında yaşadıkları sağlık, barınma ve insan ticareti ile ilgili sorunlarına da değinilecek ve çözümsel analizler yapılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arakanlı Müslümanlar, Sığınmacı, Mülteci, Myanmar, Bangladeş

ASYLUM SEEKER AND REFUGEE PROBLEM: THE CASE OF ARAKAN MUSLIMS

Öz

In today's forced migration process, in our world where asylum seekers, refugees and internally displaced people exceed 70 million, many different problems have arisen and are still waiting to be solved. In a specific context, in this article, the problems experienced by Arakan Muslims (Rohingya) both in Myanmar and in the refugee camps in Bangladesh will be discussed, and an attempt to offer some solutions to these problems will be made. In order to understand the reason of the crimes of ethnic cleansing and genocide, it will be logical to analyse the history of Arakan geography, the occupations since the 18th century and the rights violations this society has been subjected to. In addition, in order to prevent conceptual discussions, the concepts of ‘asylum seeker’ and ‘refugee’ will be explained in connection with Arakan Muslims, and the difficulties experienced in the Kutupalong (Cox's Bazar) Refugee Camp, which is one of the largest refugee camps in the world, in Bangladesh, the efforts of aid organizations and the urgent measures that need to be taken will be mentioned. The problems related to health, shelter and human trafficking experienced by Arakan Muslims in the refugee camps, who are according to the statement of the United Nations ‘the ethnic group that suffers the most oppression and violence in the world’, will also be addressed and analysed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arakan Muslims, Asylum Seeker, Refugee, Myanmar, Bangladesh

Kaynakça

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