Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Bilimsel araştırma süreçlerinde yeni bir yaklaşım olarak Vatandaş Bilimi (Citizen Science)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 1583 - 1597, 29.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1508181

Öz

Vatandaş Bilimi (Citizen Science), bilimsel araştırmalara halkın katılımını sağlayan güçlü ve dönüştürücü bir yaklaşımdır. Bu hareket, profesyonel olmayan bireylerin bilimsel araştırmalara aktif katılımını ifade eder ve veri toplama, analiz etme, yorumlama gibi farklı düzeylerde gerçekleşebilir. Katılımcıların çabaları, bilimsel araştırmaların ölçeği, süresi, maliyet etkinliği ve kapsamını genişletir. Gönüllüler, bilimsel üretime katkıda bulunarak bilim okuryazarlıklarını arttırır ve profesyonel bilim insanlarıyla birlikte çalışma fırsatı yakalar.
Bu çalışma, vatandaş biliminin tanımlarını, özelliklerini ve literatürdeki bibliyometrik göstergelerini incelemektedir. Amacımız, vatandaş bilimi kavramını Türkçe literatüre tanıtmak ve bu alandaki mevcut durumu ve potansiyeli ortaya koymaktır. Web of Science verilerine dayanan bibliyometrik analizlere göre, 1976’dan bu yana vatandaş bilimi terimini içeren 61,762 yayın bulunmaktadır ve yayın sayısında özellikle 2012’den itibaren önemli bir artış gözlemlenmiştir. Yayınların çoğu İngilizce yapılmıştır. Coğrafi dağılıma bakıldığında, en yüksek yayın sayısı Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, İngiltere ve Çin’dendir. ABD ve İngiltere'deki geniş akademik altyapı ve araştırma olanakları, Çin'de ise artan yatırımlar, vatandaş bilimi projelerine katılımı teşvik etmiştir. Coğrafya disiplininde ise vatandaş bilimi çalışmalarının temsilinin artmakta olduğu görülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Aceves-Bueno, E., Adeleye, A. S., Bradley, D., Brandt, W. T., Callery, P., Feraud, M., & Tague, C. (2015). Citizen science as an approach for overcoming insufficient monitoring and inadequate stakeholder buy-in in adaptive management: Criteria and evidence. Ecosystems, 18(3), 493-506.
  • Albert, A., Balázs, B., Butkevičienė, E., Mayer, K., & Perelló, J. (2021). Citizen social science: New and established approaches to participation in social research. In The Science of Citizen Science (pp. 119-138). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58278-4_7
  • Anbaroğlu, B., Kocaman, S., Uğurlu, A., & Demir, N. (2017). Sivil bilim: Mobil çağda bilimsel süreçlerin gelişimine yeni bir yaklaşım. In Akademik Bilişim Konferansı Bildiri Kitabı (pp. 241-246). Retrieved from https://ab.org.tr/ab17/bildiri/241.pdf
  • Babbie, E. (2010). Research design. In The Practice of Social Research (12th ed., pp. 90-123).
  • Bonney, R., Ballard, H., Jordan, R., McCallie, E., Phillips, T., Shirk, J. L., & Wilderman, C. (2009). Public participation in scientific research: Defining the field and assessing its potential for informal science education. A CAISE Inquiry Group report. Center for Advancement of Informal Science Education (CAISE).
  • Catlin-Groves, C. L. (2012). The citizen science landscape: From volunteers to citizen sensors and beyond. International Journal of Zoology, 2012, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/349630
  • Brouwer, S., & Hessels, L. K. (2019). Increasing research impact with citizen science: The influence of recruitment strategies on sample diversity. Public Understanding of Science, 28(5), 606-621.
  • Citizen science. (2023, December 17). In Wikipedia. Retrieved October 25, 2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizen_science
  • Coşkun, G., Cırık, Ö., & Per, E. (2021). Yeni vatandaş bilimi projesi: Evcil-yaban çatışması. Atlas Dergisi, 3, 24-27.
  • Dickinson, J. L., Gunnell Shirk, J., Bonter, D., Bonney, R., Crain, R. L., Martin, J., Phillips, T., & Purcell, K. (2012). The current state of citizen science: A needs assessment. Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, 1(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.30
  • European Citizen Science Association (ECSA). (2015). 10 principles of citizen science. Retrieved from https://eu-citizen.science/resource/88
  • Fontaine, A., Simard, A., Brunet, N., & Elliott, K. (2022). Scientific contributions of citizen science applied to rare or threatened animals. Conservation Biology, 36(6), e13976. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13976
  • Galloway, A. W., Tudor, M. T., & Haegen, W. M. V. (2006). The reliability of citizen science: A case study of Oregon white oak stand surveys. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 34(5), 1425-1429. https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[1425:TROCIA]2.0.CO;2
  • Gunnell, J., Golumbic, Y., Hayes, T., & Cooper, M. (2021). Co-created citizen science: Challenging cultures and practice in scientific research. Journal of Science Communication, 20(05), Y01. https://doi.org/10.22323/2.20050401
  • Haklay, M., Dörler, D., Heigl, F., Manzoni, M., Hecker, S., & Vohland, K. (2021). What is citizen science? The challenges of definition. In The Science of Citizen Science (pp. 13-33). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58278-4_2
  • Haklay, M. (2013). Citizen science and volunteered geographic information: Overview and typology of participation. In A. Craglia & M. Goodchild (Eds.), Crowdsourcing Geographic Knowledge (pp. 105-122). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4587-2_7
  • Hunter, D., Newman, G., & Balgopal, M. (2023). What’s in a name? The paradox of citizen science and community science. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 21(5), 244-250. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2635
  • Hussain, M. (2021). Citizen science and its relation with education and academics. Review Journal Philosophy & Social Science, 46(1), 33-40. https://doi.org/10.31995/rjpss.2021.v46i01.005
  • Irwin, A. (1995). Citizen science: A study of people, expertise and sustainable development. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203202395
  • Kılınç, S. (2023). Teknoloji ve eğitimi harmanlama: Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının vatandaş bilimi alanındaki gelişimine katalizör olarak gerçek zamanlı hava kalitesi izleme. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Kridelbaugh, D. M. (2016). The use of online citizen-science projects to provide experiential learning opportunities for nonmajor science students. Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education, 17(1), 105-106. https://doi.org/10.1128/jmbe.v17i1.1047
  • Lewandowski, E., Caldwell, W., Elmquist, D., & Oberhauser, K. (2017). Public perceptions of citizen science. Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, 2(1), 3-3. https://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.77
  • Lewenstein, B. V. (2022). Is citizen science a remedy for inequality? The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 700(1), 183-194. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162221092620
  • Lotfian, M., Ingensand, J., & Brovelli, M. (2021). The partnership of citizen science and machine learning: Benefits, risks, and future challenges for engagement, data collection, and data quality. Sustainability, 13(14), 8087. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13148087
  • Lukyanenko, R., Parsons, J., & Wiersma, Y. F. (2016). Emerging problems of data quality in citizen science. Conservation Biology, 30(3), 447-449. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12688
  • Manzano-Patrón, J. P., López-Neira, I., & Izquierdo, P. (2020). Open science in Spain: Towards a coordinated strategy. Innovation, 2021(2027).
  • Mitchell, N., Triska, M., Liberatore, A., Ashcroft, L., Weatherill, R., & Longnecker, N. (2017). Benefits and challenges of incorporating citizen science into university education. PLOS ONE, 12(11), e0186285. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186285
  • National Geographic Society. (2019, October 24). Citizen science. National Geographic Society. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/citizen-science/
  • Oxford University Press. (2014). Citizen science. In Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.).
  • Palumbo, R., Manesh, M., & Sorrentino, M. (2022). Mapping the state of the art to envision the future of large-scale citizen science projects: An interpretive review. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 19(04). https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219877022300014
  • Per, E. (2020). Vatandaş bilimi: 5000 papağan aramızda. Atlas Dergisi, 324, 26-28.
  • Resnik, D. B., Elliott, K. C., & Miller, A. K. (2015). A framework for addressing ethical issues in citizen science. Environmental Science & Policy, 54, 475-481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.07.008
  • Rotman, D., Preece, J., Hammock, J., Procita, K., Hansen, D., Parr, C., & Jacobs, D. (2012). Dynamic changes in motivation in collaborative citizen-science projects. In Proceedings of the ACM 2012 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (pp. 217-226). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2145204.2145238
  • Shirk, J. L., Ballard, H. L., Wilderman, C. C., Phillips, T., Wiggins, A., Bonney, R., & Dickinson, J. L. (2012). Public participation in scientific research: A framework for deliberate design. Ecology and Society, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-04705-170229
  • Silvertown, J. (2009). A new dawn for citizen science. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 24(9), 467-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2009.03.017
  • Spasiano, A., Grimaldi, S., Braccini, A. M., & Nardi, F. (2021). Towards a transdisciplinary theoretical framework of citizen science: Results from a meta-review analysis. *Sustainability, 13(14), 7904. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147904
  • Storksdieck, M., Shirk, J. L., Cappadonna, J. L., Domroese, M., Göbel, C., Haklay, M., & Strasser, B. (2018). Citizen science: Expertise, democracy, and public participation. Policy Analysis 1/2018. Swiss Science Council.
  • Theobald, E. J., Ettinger, A. K., Burgess, H. K., DeBey, L. B., Schmidt, N. R., Froehlich, H. E., & Parrish, J. K. (2015). Global change and local solutions: Tapping the unrealized potential of citizen science for biodiversity research. Biological Conservation, 181, 236-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.10.021
  • Trojan, J., Schade, S., Lemmens, R., & Frantál, B. (2019). Citizen science as a new approach in geography and beyond: Review and reflections. Moravian Geographical Reports, 27(4), 254-264. https://doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2019-0020
  • Trumbull, D. J., Bonney, R., Bascom, D., & Cabral, A. (2000). Thinking scientifically during participation in a citizen-science project. Science Education, 84(2), 265-275. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-237X(200003)84:2<265::AID-SCE7>3.0.CO;2-5
  • Us, H. (2020). Türkiye’deki vatandaş bilimine dair bir inceleme. In A. Turanlı, A. U. Aydınoğlu, & M. Şahinol (Eds.), Türkiye’de STS: Bilim ve teknoloji çalışmalarına giriş (pp. 183-194). Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/11511/70471
  • Us, H. (2020). Bilimin bir uzantısı olarak vatandaş bilimine yakından bir bakış: Türkiye'deki üç büyük ölçekli çevresel vatandaş bilimi projesinin aktör ağ teorisi çalışması (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
  • Vayena, E., Georgiadou, E., & Griessler, E. (2015). Crowdsourcing data for environmental research: The good, the bad and the ugly. Environmental Pollution, 206, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.06.041
  • Wolf, G. I., & De Groot, M. (2020). A conceptual framework for personal science. Frontiers in Computer Science, 2, 21. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2020.00021
  • Wuebben, D., Romero-Luis, J., & Gertrudix, M. (2020). Citizen science and citizen energy communities: A systematic review and potential alliances for SDGs. Sustainability, 12(23), 10096. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310096

CITIZEN SCIENCE AS A NEW APPROACH IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROCESSES

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 1583 - 1597, 29.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1508181

Öz

Citizen Citizen Science is a powerful and transformative approach that refers to the active participation of non-professionals in scientific research processes. It broadens the scope of scientific research, increases scientific literacy, and offers volunteers the opportunity to collaborate with professional scientists. This study takes a holistic view of the definitions, characteristics and literature on Citizen Science, develops an inclusive Turkish definition based on these, and examines the current state of Citizen Science in the world in the light of bibliometric analyses. Analysis based on Web of Science data reveals the existence of 61,762 publications associated with the term Citizen Science since 1976. The majority of these publications were published in English, with a significant increase in the number of publications since 2012. In terms of geographical distribution, the largest number of publications originate from the United States, the United Kingdom and China. The large academic infrastructure and intensive research opportunities in these countries are the main incentives for participation in Citizen Science projects. In terms of disciplines, the prevalence and effectiveness of Citizen Science practices are increasing, especially in the fields of science and natural sciences. As a result of the study, it was seen that the geography discipline is in a very advantageous position in terms of this method. In this context, the adoption of Citizen Science in Turkey offers a significant potential for strengthening scientific research capacities.

Kaynakça

  • Aceves-Bueno, E., Adeleye, A. S., Bradley, D., Brandt, W. T., Callery, P., Feraud, M., & Tague, C. (2015). Citizen science as an approach for overcoming insufficient monitoring and inadequate stakeholder buy-in in adaptive management: Criteria and evidence. Ecosystems, 18(3), 493-506.
  • Albert, A., Balázs, B., Butkevičienė, E., Mayer, K., & Perelló, J. (2021). Citizen social science: New and established approaches to participation in social research. In The Science of Citizen Science (pp. 119-138). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58278-4_7
  • Anbaroğlu, B., Kocaman, S., Uğurlu, A., & Demir, N. (2017). Sivil bilim: Mobil çağda bilimsel süreçlerin gelişimine yeni bir yaklaşım. In Akademik Bilişim Konferansı Bildiri Kitabı (pp. 241-246). Retrieved from https://ab.org.tr/ab17/bildiri/241.pdf
  • Babbie, E. (2010). Research design. In The Practice of Social Research (12th ed., pp. 90-123).
  • Bonney, R., Ballard, H., Jordan, R., McCallie, E., Phillips, T., Shirk, J. L., & Wilderman, C. (2009). Public participation in scientific research: Defining the field and assessing its potential for informal science education. A CAISE Inquiry Group report. Center for Advancement of Informal Science Education (CAISE).
  • Catlin-Groves, C. L. (2012). The citizen science landscape: From volunteers to citizen sensors and beyond. International Journal of Zoology, 2012, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/349630
  • Brouwer, S., & Hessels, L. K. (2019). Increasing research impact with citizen science: The influence of recruitment strategies on sample diversity. Public Understanding of Science, 28(5), 606-621.
  • Citizen science. (2023, December 17). In Wikipedia. Retrieved October 25, 2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizen_science
  • Coşkun, G., Cırık, Ö., & Per, E. (2021). Yeni vatandaş bilimi projesi: Evcil-yaban çatışması. Atlas Dergisi, 3, 24-27.
  • Dickinson, J. L., Gunnell Shirk, J., Bonter, D., Bonney, R., Crain, R. L., Martin, J., Phillips, T., & Purcell, K. (2012). The current state of citizen science: A needs assessment. Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, 1(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.30
  • European Citizen Science Association (ECSA). (2015). 10 principles of citizen science. Retrieved from https://eu-citizen.science/resource/88
  • Fontaine, A., Simard, A., Brunet, N., & Elliott, K. (2022). Scientific contributions of citizen science applied to rare or threatened animals. Conservation Biology, 36(6), e13976. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13976
  • Galloway, A. W., Tudor, M. T., & Haegen, W. M. V. (2006). The reliability of citizen science: A case study of Oregon white oak stand surveys. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 34(5), 1425-1429. https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[1425:TROCIA]2.0.CO;2
  • Gunnell, J., Golumbic, Y., Hayes, T., & Cooper, M. (2021). Co-created citizen science: Challenging cultures and practice in scientific research. Journal of Science Communication, 20(05), Y01. https://doi.org/10.22323/2.20050401
  • Haklay, M., Dörler, D., Heigl, F., Manzoni, M., Hecker, S., & Vohland, K. (2021). What is citizen science? The challenges of definition. In The Science of Citizen Science (pp. 13-33). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58278-4_2
  • Haklay, M. (2013). Citizen science and volunteered geographic information: Overview and typology of participation. In A. Craglia & M. Goodchild (Eds.), Crowdsourcing Geographic Knowledge (pp. 105-122). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4587-2_7
  • Hunter, D., Newman, G., & Balgopal, M. (2023). What’s in a name? The paradox of citizen science and community science. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 21(5), 244-250. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2635
  • Hussain, M. (2021). Citizen science and its relation with education and academics. Review Journal Philosophy & Social Science, 46(1), 33-40. https://doi.org/10.31995/rjpss.2021.v46i01.005
  • Irwin, A. (1995). Citizen science: A study of people, expertise and sustainable development. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203202395
  • Kılınç, S. (2023). Teknoloji ve eğitimi harmanlama: Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının vatandaş bilimi alanındaki gelişimine katalizör olarak gerçek zamanlı hava kalitesi izleme. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Kridelbaugh, D. M. (2016). The use of online citizen-science projects to provide experiential learning opportunities for nonmajor science students. Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education, 17(1), 105-106. https://doi.org/10.1128/jmbe.v17i1.1047
  • Lewandowski, E., Caldwell, W., Elmquist, D., & Oberhauser, K. (2017). Public perceptions of citizen science. Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, 2(1), 3-3. https://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.77
  • Lewenstein, B. V. (2022). Is citizen science a remedy for inequality? The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 700(1), 183-194. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162221092620
  • Lotfian, M., Ingensand, J., & Brovelli, M. (2021). The partnership of citizen science and machine learning: Benefits, risks, and future challenges for engagement, data collection, and data quality. Sustainability, 13(14), 8087. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13148087
  • Lukyanenko, R., Parsons, J., & Wiersma, Y. F. (2016). Emerging problems of data quality in citizen science. Conservation Biology, 30(3), 447-449. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12688
  • Manzano-Patrón, J. P., López-Neira, I., & Izquierdo, P. (2020). Open science in Spain: Towards a coordinated strategy. Innovation, 2021(2027).
  • Mitchell, N., Triska, M., Liberatore, A., Ashcroft, L., Weatherill, R., & Longnecker, N. (2017). Benefits and challenges of incorporating citizen science into university education. PLOS ONE, 12(11), e0186285. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186285
  • National Geographic Society. (2019, October 24). Citizen science. National Geographic Society. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/citizen-science/
  • Oxford University Press. (2014). Citizen science. In Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.).
  • Palumbo, R., Manesh, M., & Sorrentino, M. (2022). Mapping the state of the art to envision the future of large-scale citizen science projects: An interpretive review. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 19(04). https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219877022300014
  • Per, E. (2020). Vatandaş bilimi: 5000 papağan aramızda. Atlas Dergisi, 324, 26-28.
  • Resnik, D. B., Elliott, K. C., & Miller, A. K. (2015). A framework for addressing ethical issues in citizen science. Environmental Science & Policy, 54, 475-481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.07.008
  • Rotman, D., Preece, J., Hammock, J., Procita, K., Hansen, D., Parr, C., & Jacobs, D. (2012). Dynamic changes in motivation in collaborative citizen-science projects. In Proceedings of the ACM 2012 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (pp. 217-226). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2145204.2145238
  • Shirk, J. L., Ballard, H. L., Wilderman, C. C., Phillips, T., Wiggins, A., Bonney, R., & Dickinson, J. L. (2012). Public participation in scientific research: A framework for deliberate design. Ecology and Society, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-04705-170229
  • Silvertown, J. (2009). A new dawn for citizen science. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 24(9), 467-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2009.03.017
  • Spasiano, A., Grimaldi, S., Braccini, A. M., & Nardi, F. (2021). Towards a transdisciplinary theoretical framework of citizen science: Results from a meta-review analysis. *Sustainability, 13(14), 7904. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147904
  • Storksdieck, M., Shirk, J. L., Cappadonna, J. L., Domroese, M., Göbel, C., Haklay, M., & Strasser, B. (2018). Citizen science: Expertise, democracy, and public participation. Policy Analysis 1/2018. Swiss Science Council.
  • Theobald, E. J., Ettinger, A. K., Burgess, H. K., DeBey, L. B., Schmidt, N. R., Froehlich, H. E., & Parrish, J. K. (2015). Global change and local solutions: Tapping the unrealized potential of citizen science for biodiversity research. Biological Conservation, 181, 236-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.10.021
  • Trojan, J., Schade, S., Lemmens, R., & Frantál, B. (2019). Citizen science as a new approach in geography and beyond: Review and reflections. Moravian Geographical Reports, 27(4), 254-264. https://doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2019-0020
  • Trumbull, D. J., Bonney, R., Bascom, D., & Cabral, A. (2000). Thinking scientifically during participation in a citizen-science project. Science Education, 84(2), 265-275. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-237X(200003)84:2<265::AID-SCE7>3.0.CO;2-5
  • Us, H. (2020). Türkiye’deki vatandaş bilimine dair bir inceleme. In A. Turanlı, A. U. Aydınoğlu, & M. Şahinol (Eds.), Türkiye’de STS: Bilim ve teknoloji çalışmalarına giriş (pp. 183-194). Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/11511/70471
  • Us, H. (2020). Bilimin bir uzantısı olarak vatandaş bilimine yakından bir bakış: Türkiye'deki üç büyük ölçekli çevresel vatandaş bilimi projesinin aktör ağ teorisi çalışması (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
  • Vayena, E., Georgiadou, E., & Griessler, E. (2015). Crowdsourcing data for environmental research: The good, the bad and the ugly. Environmental Pollution, 206, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.06.041
  • Wolf, G. I., & De Groot, M. (2020). A conceptual framework for personal science. Frontiers in Computer Science, 2, 21. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2020.00021
  • Wuebben, D., Romero-Luis, J., & Gertrudix, M. (2020). Citizen science and citizen energy communities: A systematic review and potential alliances for SDGs. Sustainability, 12(23), 10096. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310096
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Bilgi ve Bilim Sosyolojisi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hasan İçen 0000-0003-3453-1240

Kaan Kapan 0000-0003-2979-5057

Ahmet Uysal 0000-0002-5928-0516

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 24 Eylül 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Eylül 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Temmuz 2024
Kabul Tarihi 26 Ağustos 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA İçen, H., Kapan, K., & Uysal, A. (2024). Bilimsel araştırma süreçlerinde yeni bir yaklaşım olarak Vatandaş Bilimi (Citizen Science). Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 14(3), 1583-1597. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1508181