ABER analysis of RIS-aided SSK schemes over Ricean fading channels

Öz

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising technology to meet the needs of next-generation wireless communication techniques that enhance the quality of service by effectively adjusting the phases of the signals through a reflective surface. On the other side, space shift keying (SSK), as one of the typical index modulation (IM) techniques, provides data transmission by using only the information of the active transmitting antenna index instead of applying traditional modulation methods. In this study, two of the RIS-assisted SSK schemes are studied to take potential benefits of both RIS and SSK techniques, and the average bit error rate (ABER) performance is investigated over Ricean fading channels. The activated transmitter antenna for each transmission instant is detected by utilizing the maximum likelihood (ML) detection algorithm at the receiver side. The ABER performance of the proposed RIS-based systems in proportion to the increasing number of reflecting elements and Ricean-K factor is presented by both theoretical derivations and computer simulations. The obtained results show that the Ricean-K parameter and the number of reflective elements on the RIS have an undeniable effect on the system performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Wireless communication
• Error performance analysis
• Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)
• Index modulation (IM)
• Space shift keying (SSK).

RIS-destekli SSK şemalarının Ricean sönümlenmeli kanallardaki ABER analizi

Öz

Uyarlanabilir akıllı yüzey (RIS), yeni nesil kablosuz iletişim tekniklerinin gereksinimlerini karşılamak üzere yansıtıcı bir yüzey üzerinden sinyallerin fazını etkin bir şekilde düzenleyerek hizmet kalitesini artıran umut verici bir teknolojidir. Öte yandan, tipik indis modülasyon (IM) tekniklerinden biri olan uzay kaydırmalı anahtarlama (SSK), veri iletimi için klasik modülasyon yöntemlerini uygulamak yerine sadece aktif verici anten indisi bilgisini kullanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, hem RIS hem de SSK tekniklerinin potansiyel avantajlarından yararlanmak için RIS-destekli SSK şemalarından ikisi incelenmekte ve Ricean sönümlenmeli kanallar üzerindeki ortalama bit hata oranı (ABER) performansı değerlendirilmektedir. Her iletim anı için aktif edilen verici anten, alıcı tarafta en büyük olabilirlik (ML) sezimi algoritması kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Önerilen RIS-tabanlı sistemlerin artan yansıtıcı eleman sayısı ve Ricean-K faktörüne göre ABER performansı, hem teorik türetimler hem de bilgisayar simülasyonları aracılığıyla sunulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Ricean-K parametresinin ve RIS üzerindeki yansıtıcı eleman sayısının sistem performansı üzerinde yadsınamaz bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kablosuz iletişim
• Hata performansı analizi
• Uyarlanabilir akıllı yüzey (RIS)
• İndeks modülasyonu (IM)
• Uzay kaydırmalı anahtarlama (SSK)

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