Karayolu - demiryolu hemzemin geçitlerinde maruz kalınan titreşimin insan sağlığını etkileme seviyeleri

Öz

Çalışmada yolcu otomobili türü bir taşıtla karayolu - demiryolu hemzemin geçidi (DHG) geçişlerinde maruz kalınan ve insan sağlığını olumsuz etkileyen Tüm Vücut Titreşimi (TVT) seviyeleri araştırılmıştır. Öncelikle çalışmada geometrileri bilinen bazı yol profillerinde farklı hızlarda titreşim ölçümleri yapılmış ve bu veriler yardımıyla sayısal ortamda taşıtın tepkilerini verebilecek bir dinamik model kalibre edilmiştir. Ardından farklı sürüş hızlarında Düşük (D), Orta (O) ve Yüksek (Y) şiddet düzeylerinde DHG geçişlerinde maruz kalınan titreşim verileri yardımıyla raylar arasında ve ray dışında kalan bölümler ISO 8608 standardında tanımlanan yol profillerine benzetilmiştir. TVT’ni betimleyen taşıt dinamik modeli kullanılarak D, O ve Y şiddet seviyelerinde tek hatlı ve çift hatlı DHG’de insan vücudunun maruz kaldığı titreşim verileri üretilmiştir. Simülasyonda taşıt hızları 10 ila 50 km/sa aralığında onar birim değiştirilerek sürüş hızının etkileri de değerlendirilmiştir. ISO 2631 standardında tanımlanan titreşim parametrelerinden titreşim doz değeri (VDV) ile titreşimin insan sağlığı üzerindeki genel rahatsızlık oluşumunun seviyeleri, eşdeğer statik basınç gerilimi (Se) parametresi ile taşıyıcı iskelet sisteminin (lomber omurga) etkilenme seviyeleri araştırılmıştır. Üç farklı bozulma şiddetinde, tek ve çift demiryolu hattı geçişlerinde bu olumsuzlukların oluşumuna sebebiyet verebilecek geçiş sayıları tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sürüş konforu
• Tüm vücut titreşimi
• Demiryolu geçidi

Human health impact levels of vibration exposure at highway - railroad level crossings

Abstract

The Whole Body Vibration (WBV) levels, which are exposed at the Highway - Railroad Level Crossing (RLC) passes with a passenger car type vehicle and adversely affect human health, were investigated in the study. First of all, vibration measurements were made at different speeds on some road profiles with known geometries, and a dynamic model that could give the vehicle's responses in the digital environment was calibrated with the help of these data. Then, with the help of vibration data exposed in RLC transitions at Low (L), Medium (M) and High (H) severity levels at various ride speeds, the sections between and outside the rails are compared to the road profiles defined in the ISO 8608 standard. Using the vehicle dynamic model describing the WBV, vibration data that the human body is exposed to were produced in single-track and double-track RLC at L, M and H severity levels. In the simulation, the effects of the ride speed were also evaluated by changing the vehicle speeds in the range of 10 to 50 km/h by ten units. Vibration dose value (VDV), which is the vibration parameter defined in the ISO 2631 standard, the levels of general nuisance caused by vibration on human health, the equivalent static pressure stress (Se) parameter and the level of influence of the supporting skeleton system (lumbar spine) were investigated. The number of transitions that may cause the formation of these negativities in single and double railroad crossings with three different distress severities have been determined.

Keywords

• Ride comfort
• Whole body vibration
• Railroad level crossing

Kaynakça

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