Aksaray ili obruk duyarlılık haritasının Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) yöntemleri ile oluşturulması

Öz

Afetler, can ve mal kayıpları gibi büyük zararlara yol açan beklenmedik ve istenmedik durumlardır. Doğal afetlere örnek olarak deprem, sel, heyelan, çığ ve obruklar gösterilebilir. Önemli bir afet türü olan obruklar meydana geldiği alanda ciddi güvenlik sorunları meydana getirmektedir. Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de, yeraltı su kaynaklarının giderek azalması, iklim özelliklerini hesaba katmadan yapılan yoğun tarımsal faaliyetler ve bunlara ek olarak ilgili bölgelerin jeolojik yapısı gibi faktörler obruk oluşma riski bulunan alanlarda sorunlar ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Can ve mal kaybına yol açan, kontrol edilemeyen ve aniden gelişen obruk olayları tamamen engellenemese de, önlem alabilmek mümkündür. Bu çalışmada Aksaray ilinde hızla sayısı artan obrukların mekânsal olabilirliğini tahmin eden ve gösteren duyarlılık haritalarının oluşturulması amacı ile Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Literatür çalışmaları ve uzman görüşleri dikkate alınarak duyarlılık haritası oluşturmak için 12 kriter belirlenmiş, kriter önem dereceleri AHS ile hesaplanmış ve obruk duyarlılık haritası oluşturulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afet yönetimi
• Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS)
• Obruk duyarlılık
• Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS)

Creation of sinkhole susceptibility map using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods in Aksaray province

Abstract

Disasters are unexpected and undesirable situations that cause significant damage, such as loss of life and property. Examples of natural disasters are earthquakes, floods, landslides, avalanches, and sinkholes, etc. can be displayed. Sinkholes, an essential type of disaster, create serious security problems in the area where they occur. In Turkey, as in the whole world, factors such as the gradual decrease of groundwater resources, intensive agricultural activities without taking into account the climatic characteristics, and in addition to these, the geological structure of the relevant regions cause problems in areas where there is a risk of sinkhole formation. Although uncontrollable and suddenly developing sinkhole events that cause property loss and life cannot be wholly prevented, it is possible to take precautions. In this study, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHS) methods were used to create susceptibility maps that predict and show the spatial likelihood of the rapidly increasing number of sinkholes in Aksaray. Considering the literature studies and expert opinions, 12 criteria were determined to create a sensitivity map, criteria importance levels were calculated with AHP, and a sinkhole sensitivity map was created.

Keywords

• Disaster management
• Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
• Sinkhole susceptibility
• Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Kaynakça

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