Türkiye’deki yaralanmalı iş kazalarının sektörel dağılımı ve analizi
Yıl 2024,
, 28 - 33, 15.01.2024
Sertaç Dündar
,
Atiye Bilim
,
Niyazi Bilim
Öz
İş kazaları, çalışanların can güvenliğini tehdit eden ciddi bir sorundur. İş kazalarına ilişkin farkındalığın arttırılması ve çalışanların güvenliğinin sağlanması oldukça önemli bir konudur. İş kazaları, maddi kayıpların yanında çalışanların yaşam kalitesi ve psikolojik durumları üzerinde de ciddi etkilere sahiptir. İş kazaları ölümlü iş kazaları ve yaralanmalı iş kazaları olarak gruplandırılmaktadır. Yaralanmalı iş kazası sonucunda iş günü kaybına göre iş kazasının şiddeti belirlenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kişi başına düşen yaralanmalı iş kazası oranı (kaza olabilirlik oranı) ve iş günü kaybı faktörlerini birlikte değerlendirilerek en riskli sektörlerin belirlenmesidir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda, kömür ve linyit madenciliği sektörünün en riskli sektör olduğu ve en yüksek oranda iş günü kaybına ve yaralanmalara neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İş kazalarının önlenmesine yönelik tedbirler sadece genel bir yaklaşımla değil, her sektörün özel olarak ele alması ile sağlanabilecektir.
Kaynakça
- S. Keffane, Communication’s role in safety management and performance of the road safety practices. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 3,79-94, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1260/2046-0430.3.1.79
- N. Bilim, A. Bilim, Occupational health and safety outlook in Turkey, 25th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL 2015), pp.3201-3204, Zurich, Switzerland, 2015
- İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/06/20120630-1.htm , Erişim 19 Şubat 2023
- Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü. https://ilostat.ilo.org/resources/concepts-and-definitions/description-occupational-safety-and-health-statistics/, Erişim 21 Şubat 2023
- Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü. https://www.ilo.org/ moscow/areas-ofwork/occupational-safety-and health/WCMS_249278/lang--en/index.htm, Erişim 21 Şubat 2023
- N. Bilim, S. Dündar, ve A. Bilim, Ülkemizdeki maden sektöründe meydana gelen iş kazası ve meslek hastalıklarının analizi, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 423-432, 2018. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.435729
- T.C. Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) İstatistik Yıllıkları, 2021. https://www.sgk.gov.tr/ Istatistik/Yillik/fcd5e59b6af9-4d90-a451-ee7500eb1cb4/, Erişim 14 Şubat 2023.
- T.C. Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) İstatistik Yıllıkları (2016-2021).” T.C. Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) İstatistik Yıllıkları https://www.sgk.gov.tr/ Istatistik/Yillik/fcd5e59b-6af9-4d90-a451-ee7500eb1cb4/, Erişim 14 Şubat 2023
- N. Bilim and A. Bilim, Estimation of the risk of work-related accidents for underground hard coal mine workers by logistic regression, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 28(4), 2362-2369, 2021.
- O. Dalyan ve M. Pişkin, İşyerlerinde ramak kala bildirimlerinin iş kazalarına etkisi ve inşaat sektöründe uygulama, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(1), 133-143, 2020. https://doi.org/10.28979/comufbed.609675
- J.M. Patterson, S. A. Shappell, Operator error and system deficiencies: analysis of 508 mining incidents and accidents from Queensland, Australia using HFACS, Accident Analysis& Prevention. 42(4), 1379-1385, 2010. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.aap.2010.02.018
- F. Geng, J. H. Saleh, Challenging the emerging narrative: critical examination of coalmining safety in China, and recommendations for tackling mining hazards, Safety Science, 75, 36-48, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2015.01.007
- Q. Liu, J. Liu, J. X. Gao, J, Wang and J, Han, An empirical study of early warning model on the number of coal mine accidents in China. Safety Science, 123,1-7, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.104559
- S. Verma and S. Chaudhari, Safety of workers in Indian mines: study, analysis, and prediction, Safety and Health at Work, 8(3), 267-275, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2017.01.001
- R. E. Rabeiy, M. R. ElTahlawi and G.Y. Boghdady, Occupational health hazards in the Sukari gold mine, Egypt. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 146, 209–216, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jafrearsci.2017.04.023
- N. Bilim, Kömür madenlerinde meydana gelen iş kazalarının istatistiksel değerlendirilmesi, Madencilik Türkiye, 44(6), 78–82, 2015.
- O. Dalyan, E. Canpolat, H. Dalyan, Ö. f. Öztürk, ve M. Pişkin, Türkiye’de İş Kazası Eksik Bildirimlerinin İncelenmesi, Karaelmas İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Dergisi, 5(2), 121-132, 2021. https://doi.org/10.33720/ kisgd.954724
- S. Mahdevari, K. Shahriar and A. Esfahanipour, Human health and safety risks management in underground coal mines using fuzzy TOPSIS. Science of The Total Environment, 488, 85–99, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.076
- M. Sarı, H. S. B. Düzgün, C. Karpuz and A. S. Selçuk, Accident analysis of two Turkish underground coal mines, Safety Science,42(8), 675-690, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2003.11.002
- J. Joy, Occupational safety risk management in Australian mining. Occupational Medicine, 54(5), 311-315, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqh074
- P. Paul, Predictors of work injury in underground mines – an application of a logistic regression model, Mining Science and Technology (China), 19(3), 282-289, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1674-5264(09)60053-3
- R. l. Grayson, H. Kinilakodi and V. Kecojevic, Pilot sample risk analysis for underground coal mine fires and explosions using MSHA citation data, Safety Science, 47(10), 1371–1378, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2009.03.004
- J. Maiti and V. V. Khanzode, Development of a relative risk model for roof and side fall fatal accidents in underground coal mines in India, Safety Science, 47(8), 1068-1076, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ssci.2008.12.003
- K. Shahriar and E. Bakhtavar, Geotechnical risks in underground coal mines, Journal of Applied Sciences, 9(11), 2137-2143, 2009. https://doi.org/10.3923/ jas.2009.2137.2143
- V. V. Khanzode, J. Maiti and P. A. Ray, Methodology for evaluation and monitoring of recurring hazards in underground coal mining, Safety Science, 49(8–9), 1172-1179, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ssci.2011.03.009
- J. Zhang, K. Xu, G. Reniers and G. You, Statistical analysis the characteristics of extraordinarily severe coal mine accidents (ESCMAs) in China from 1950 to 2018, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 133, 332-340, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.psep.2019.10.014
Sectoral distribution and analysis of occupational injury accidents in Turkey
Yıl 2024,
, 28 - 33, 15.01.2024
Sertaç Dündar
,
Atiye Bilim
,
Niyazi Bilim
Öz
Workplace accidents are a serious problem that threatens the life safety of employees. Increasing awareness of workplace accidents and ensuring the safety of employees is a very important issue. Workplace accidents have serious effects on the quality of life and psychological state of employees as well as financial losses. Workplace accidents are grouped as fatal workplace accidents and injury workplace accidents. The severity of the work accident is determined according to the loss of work days as a result of an injury work accident. The aim of this study is to determine the most risky sectors by evaluating the rate of workplace accident with injury (accident incidence rate) and loss of work days factors per capita. As a result of the evaluations, it has been determined that the coal and lignite mining sector is the most risky sector and causes the highest rate of workday lost and injuries. Measures for the prevention of occupational accidents will be provided not only by a general approach, but by considering each sector specifically.
Kaynakça
- S. Keffane, Communication’s role in safety management and performance of the road safety practices. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 3,79-94, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1260/2046-0430.3.1.79
- N. Bilim, A. Bilim, Occupational health and safety outlook in Turkey, 25th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL 2015), pp.3201-3204, Zurich, Switzerland, 2015
- İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/06/20120630-1.htm , Erişim 19 Şubat 2023
- Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü. https://ilostat.ilo.org/resources/concepts-and-definitions/description-occupational-safety-and-health-statistics/, Erişim 21 Şubat 2023
- Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü. https://www.ilo.org/ moscow/areas-ofwork/occupational-safety-and health/WCMS_249278/lang--en/index.htm, Erişim 21 Şubat 2023
- N. Bilim, S. Dündar, ve A. Bilim, Ülkemizdeki maden sektöründe meydana gelen iş kazası ve meslek hastalıklarının analizi, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 423-432, 2018. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.435729
- T.C. Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) İstatistik Yıllıkları, 2021. https://www.sgk.gov.tr/ Istatistik/Yillik/fcd5e59b6af9-4d90-a451-ee7500eb1cb4/, Erişim 14 Şubat 2023.
- T.C. Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) İstatistik Yıllıkları (2016-2021).” T.C. Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) İstatistik Yıllıkları https://www.sgk.gov.tr/ Istatistik/Yillik/fcd5e59b-6af9-4d90-a451-ee7500eb1cb4/, Erişim 14 Şubat 2023
- N. Bilim and A. Bilim, Estimation of the risk of work-related accidents for underground hard coal mine workers by logistic regression, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 28(4), 2362-2369, 2021.
- O. Dalyan ve M. Pişkin, İşyerlerinde ramak kala bildirimlerinin iş kazalarına etkisi ve inşaat sektöründe uygulama, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(1), 133-143, 2020. https://doi.org/10.28979/comufbed.609675
- J.M. Patterson, S. A. Shappell, Operator error and system deficiencies: analysis of 508 mining incidents and accidents from Queensland, Australia using HFACS, Accident Analysis& Prevention. 42(4), 1379-1385, 2010. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.aap.2010.02.018
- F. Geng, J. H. Saleh, Challenging the emerging narrative: critical examination of coalmining safety in China, and recommendations for tackling mining hazards, Safety Science, 75, 36-48, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2015.01.007
- Q. Liu, J. Liu, J. X. Gao, J, Wang and J, Han, An empirical study of early warning model on the number of coal mine accidents in China. Safety Science, 123,1-7, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.104559
- S. Verma and S. Chaudhari, Safety of workers in Indian mines: study, analysis, and prediction, Safety and Health at Work, 8(3), 267-275, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2017.01.001
- R. E. Rabeiy, M. R. ElTahlawi and G.Y. Boghdady, Occupational health hazards in the Sukari gold mine, Egypt. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 146, 209–216, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jafrearsci.2017.04.023
- N. Bilim, Kömür madenlerinde meydana gelen iş kazalarının istatistiksel değerlendirilmesi, Madencilik Türkiye, 44(6), 78–82, 2015.
- O. Dalyan, E. Canpolat, H. Dalyan, Ö. f. Öztürk, ve M. Pişkin, Türkiye’de İş Kazası Eksik Bildirimlerinin İncelenmesi, Karaelmas İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Dergisi, 5(2), 121-132, 2021. https://doi.org/10.33720/ kisgd.954724
- S. Mahdevari, K. Shahriar and A. Esfahanipour, Human health and safety risks management in underground coal mines using fuzzy TOPSIS. Science of The Total Environment, 488, 85–99, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.076
- M. Sarı, H. S. B. Düzgün, C. Karpuz and A. S. Selçuk, Accident analysis of two Turkish underground coal mines, Safety Science,42(8), 675-690, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2003.11.002
- J. Joy, Occupational safety risk management in Australian mining. Occupational Medicine, 54(5), 311-315, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqh074
- P. Paul, Predictors of work injury in underground mines – an application of a logistic regression model, Mining Science and Technology (China), 19(3), 282-289, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1674-5264(09)60053-3
- R. l. Grayson, H. Kinilakodi and V. Kecojevic, Pilot sample risk analysis for underground coal mine fires and explosions using MSHA citation data, Safety Science, 47(10), 1371–1378, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2009.03.004
- J. Maiti and V. V. Khanzode, Development of a relative risk model for roof and side fall fatal accidents in underground coal mines in India, Safety Science, 47(8), 1068-1076, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ssci.2008.12.003
- K. Shahriar and E. Bakhtavar, Geotechnical risks in underground coal mines, Journal of Applied Sciences, 9(11), 2137-2143, 2009. https://doi.org/10.3923/ jas.2009.2137.2143
- V. V. Khanzode, J. Maiti and P. A. Ray, Methodology for evaluation and monitoring of recurring hazards in underground coal mining, Safety Science, 49(8–9), 1172-1179, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ssci.2011.03.009
- J. Zhang, K. Xu, G. Reniers and G. You, Statistical analysis the characteristics of extraordinarily severe coal mine accidents (ESCMAs) in China from 1950 to 2018, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 133, 332-340, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.psep.2019.10.014