Analysis of power transfer methods used in wireless charging of electric vehicles

Öz

The number of electric vehicles (EV) in use is increasing day by day. With the increasing number of EVs, their charging is becoming a major problem. Today, EVs are charged by cable connection in almost all installed charging stations. Wired charging brings health and safety risks along w1ith long charging times. For this reason, studies with wireless charging of EVs have been developing rapidly in recent years. Wireless charging of EVs is very important due to it allows the application of dynamic charging, which means charging while moving. In this study, the basic principles of inductive power transfer (IPT), capacitive power transfer (CPT), optical power transfer (OPT) and microwave power transfer (MPT) methods that enable wireless charging of EVs, different topology and structures, wireless charging of EVs has been explained by taking into consideration the studies carried out in recent years regarding the charging of the battery. As a result, a comprehensive perspective on the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of wireless power transmission methods is presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Electric vehicle
• Wireless charge
• Wireless power tansfer

Elektrikli araçların kablosuz şarj edilmesinde kullanılan güç aktarım yöntemlerinin incelenmesi

Öz

Kullanımdaki elektrikli araç (EA) sayılarının her geçen gün artması ile birlikte şarj edilmeleri önemli bir problem haline gelmektedir. Günümüzde kurulu şarj istasyonlarının tamamına yakınında EA’lar kablo bağlantısı ile şarj edilmektedir. Kablolu şarj işlemi, uzun şarj süreleri ile birlikte güvenlik açısından da riskler taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle son yıllarda EA’ların kablosuz şarjı ile ilgili çalışmalar hız kazanmıştır. Diğer taraftan, kablosuz şarj işlemi, EA’ların hareket halinde şarj olabilmesini ifade eden dinamik şarjın uygulanmasına imkan sağlaması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, EA’ların kablosuz olarak şarj edilebilmesini sağlayan endüktif güç aktarım (EGA), kapasitif güç aktarım (KGA), optik güç aktarım (OGA) ve mikrodalga güç aktarım (MGA) yöntemlerinin temel prensipleri, farklı tasarımları, EA’ların kablosuz şarjı ile ilgili son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar göz önünde bulundurularak açıklanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, EA’ların kablosuz şarjında kullanılan kablosuz güç aktarım yöntemlerinin avantajları, dezavantajları, fırsatları ve zorlukları karşılaştırmalı olarak kapsamlı bir bakış açısı ile sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elektrikli araç (EV)
• kablosuz şarj
• kablosuz güç aktarımı.

Kaynakça

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