Çinko atıklarından çinko geri kazanımı için sülfatlayıcı kavurma ve su liçi optimizasyonu

Yıl 2024, , 600 - 610, 15.04.2024

Mehmet Ali Topçu

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1396674

Öz

Çinko atıkları çinko üretimi için ekonomik değere sahip bir kaynaktır. Ancak, aynı zamanda içerdiği ağır metaller nedeniyle tehlikeli atık olarak da sınıflandırılırlar. Bu çalışmada sülfatlayıcı kavurma ve su liçi koşullarının metal çözünürlüğüne (Zn, Pb, Fe ve Ca) etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çeşitli sıcaklarda ve sürelerde amonyum sülfatla yapılan kavurma testleri sonrasında, kavrulmuş her bir numunenin mineralojik yapısı incelenmiştir. Kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre atığın %16.6 Pb, %12.5 Zn ve %7.5 Fe içerdiği tespit edilmiştir. Amonyum sülfatla ile kavurma işlemi sonunda, atığın sahip olduğu ZnFe2O4 ve Zn2SiO4 yapılarının çinko sülfata (ZnSO4) dönüştüğü saptanmıştır. Proses ekonomisi ve enerji tasarrufu göz önüne alınarak, yaklaşık %91 oranında çinko geri kazanımı için optimum çalışma şartı, 1:2 (g:g) oranında atık/amonyum sülfat oranı, 625 ºC kavurma sıcaklığı, 4 saat kavurma süresi, 25 ºC liç sıcaklığı ve 2 saat liç süresi olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu şartlar altında kurşunun çözünmediği, kalsiyum ve demirin çözünme oranları sırasıyla %41.2 ve %16.8 olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çinko Atığı, Amonyum Sülfat, Su Liçi, Metal Geri Kazanımı, Sülfatlayıcı Kavurma

Optimization of sulfation roasting and water leaching for zinc recovery from zinc waste

Öz

Zinc wastes are economically valuable resource for zinc production. However, they are also classified as hazardous waste due to the heavy metal they contain. In this study, the effect of sulphating roasting and water leaching conditions on metal solubility (Zn, Pb, Fe, and Ca) were investigated. After roasting tests with ammonium sulfate at various temperatures and durations, the mineralogical structure of each roasted sample was examined. According to the chemical analysis, it was determined that the waste contained 16.6% Pb, 12.5% Zn, and 7.5% Fe. It was determined that roasting the waste with ammonium sulfate transforms the ZnFe2O4 ve Zn2SiO4 structures of the waste into zinc sulfate (ZnSO4). Considering the process economy and energy savings, the optimum operating conditions for approximately 91% zinc recovery was determined as 1:2 (g:g) waste/ammonium sulfate ratio, 625 ºC roasting temperature, 4 hours roasting time, 625 ºC leaching temperature, and 2 hours leaching time. Also, under the optimum conditions it was found that lead did not dissolve, and the dissolution rates of calcium and iron were 41% and 16.8%, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zinc Waste, Ammonium Sulphate, Sulfation Roasting, Water Leaching, Metal Recovery

Kaynakça

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