Investigation of the microstructure and tribological properties of Al-Cu-Mg alloys produced by powder metallurgy

Öz

In this study, Al-Cu-Mg alloy was hot pressed at 450oC (A), 500oC (B) and 550oC (C). The microstructure and tribological properties of the samples A, B and C, which were densified by hot pressing method, were investigated after hot pressing. In the microstructure examinations obtained as a result of the experiments, it was determined that the amount of porosity in the sample coded A was higher than the porosity ratio in the samples coded B and C and the density increased in direct proportion with increasing pressing temperature. In addition, with increasing pressing temperature, it was observed that the α-Al phase in the microstructure was relatively more uniform and homogeneously distributed in the structure in the form of equal grains. The highest hardness value was obtained in sample C, which was subjected to hot pressing at 550oC. Accordingly, the hardness value of sample C increased by 20% compared to sample B, 26% compared to sample A, and the microhardness value increased by 30% compared to sample B and 33% compared to sample A. In addition, the density values of specimens A, B and C were determined as 2.7554, 2.7640 and 2.7655 g/cm3, respectively. According to the volume loss-cycle number data obtained from the friction and wear tests, the lowest wear resistance was obtained in sample A and the highest wear resistance was obtained in sample C. Accordingly, at 25x103, 50x103 and 75x103 cycles, sample C exhibited 39%, 23% and 45% higher wear resistance than sample A, respectively. It was determined that the wear surfaces, wear particles and ball surfaces of specimens A, B and C, which were pressed at different temperatures, exhibited a similar appearance. Accordingly, it was observed that the wear surfaces consisted of smearing layers and delamination, the wear particles consisted of large and small debris and the ball surfaces consisted of smearing layers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Al-Cu-Mg alloy
• Hot pressing
• Hardness
• Micro structure
• Tribology

Toz metalurjisi yöntemiyle üretilen Al-Cu-Mg alaşımlarının mikroyapı ve tribolojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Al-Cu-Mg alaşımı 450oC (A), 500oC (B) ve 550oC (C) sıcaklıklarında sıcak presleme işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Sıcak presleme yöntemi kullanılarak yoğunlaştırılan A, B ve C kodlu numunelerin sıcak pres sonrası mikro yapısı ve tribolojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda elde edilen mikro yapı incelemelerinde A kodlu numunedeki porozite miktarının B ve C kodlu numunelerdeki porozite oranına göre yüksek olduğu ve artan presleme sıcaklığı ile yoğunluğun doğru orantılı olarak arttığı belirlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak artan pres sıcaklığı ile birlikte iç yapıda bulunan α-Al fazının nispeten daha düzgün ve eş taneler şeklinde yapıya homojen dağıldığı gözlenmiştir. En yüksek sertlik değeri 550oC’de sıcak presleme işlemine tabi tutulan C kodlu numunede elde edilmiştir. Buna göre, C numunesinin sertlik değeri B kodlu numuneye göre %20, A kodlu numuneye göre %26, mikro sertlik değeri ise B kodlu numuneye göre %30 A kodlu numuneye göre %33’lük bir artış sergilemiştir. Ayrıca A, B ve C kodlu numunelerin yoğunluk değerleri sırasıyla, 2.7554, 2.7640 ve 2.7655 gr/cm3 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan sürtünme ve aşınma testlerinden elde edilen hacim kaybı-çevrim sayısı verilerine göre en düşük aşınma direnci A numunesinde, en yüksek aşınma direnci ise C numunesinde elde edilmiştir. Buna göre 25x103, 50x103 ve 75x103 çevrim sayısındaki C kodlu numune A numunesine göre sırasıyla %39, %23 ve %45 daha yüksek aşınma direnci sergilemiştir. Farklı sıcaklıklarda presleme işlemi yapılan A, B ve C numunelerinin aşınma yüzeylerinin, aşınma parçacıklarının ve bilye yüzeylerinin benzer görüntü sergilediği belirlenmiştir. Buna göre aşınma yüzeyleri sıvama tabakalarından ve soyulmalardan, aşınma parçacıklarının irili ufaklı tozlardan bilye yüzeylerinin ise sıvama tabakalarından meydana geldiği gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Al-Cu-Mg alaşımı
• Sıcak presleme
• sertlik
• mikro yapı
• Triboloji

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