A review of collaborative strategies in last-mile logistics from an urban sustainability perspective

Abstract

In recent years, globalization, technological developments, and the growth of e-commerce transactions have increased the demand for logistics activities. Increasing demands affect logistics activities at all stages of supply chains, particularly the final stage, where delivery to customers occurs in urban areas. This stage, known as last-mile logistics, is not only the most expensive and inefficient part of supply chains, but also causes many problems, including increased freight mobility in urban areas, traffic congestion, parking issues, air and noise pollution, and carbon emissions. Reducing these economic and environmental costs is important for sustainable urban development. The sustainability of a city depends on its economic self-sufficiency, the living standards of its population under equal and fair conditions, and sensitive practices in environmental and waste management. Today, in addition to the traditional last-mile logistics practices of delivering the package to the customer's home/office, there are many new practices (delivery via parcel locker, drone delivery, robot delivery, micro-depot usage, urban consolidation center usage, pick-up/drop-off point, click-and-collect, crowd-sourcing, etc.) to overcome the mentioned drawbacks and manage the process more effectively and efficiently. Collaborative applications for these novel delivery methods are increasing day by day in order to minimize the costs of logistics service providers, facilitate customers' access to service, and thus improve customer satisfaction. In this study, we investigate different novel last-mile logistics methods in the literature and in practice that have been implemented with collaborative strategies. Among the 43 studies reviewed, urban consolidation centers, parcel lockers, and PUDO points emerged as the most frequently considered collaborative models. The advantages of the collaboration strategies and the barriers to their development are presented, and researchers, practitioners, and city managers are guided in developing new policies and strategies.

Keywords

• Last-mile logistics
• Crowd-sourcing
• Collaboration
• Review

Kentsel sürdürülebilirlik perspektifinden son adım lojistikte iş birlikçi stratejilere yönelik bir inceleme

Öz

Son yıllarda küreselleşme, teknolojik gelişmeler ve e-ticaret işlemlerinin büyümesi lojistik faaliyetlerine olan talebi artırmıştır. Artan talepler tedarik zincirlerinin tüm aşamalarındaki lojistik faaliyetlerini, özellikle de müşteriye teslimatın kentsel alanlarda gerçekleştiği son aşamayı etkilemektedir. Son adım lojistiği olarak bilinen bu aşama, tedarik zincirlerinin yalnızca en pahalı ve verimsiz kısmı olmakla kalmayıp, aynı zamanda kentsel alanlarda artan yük hareketliliği, trafik sıkışıklığı, park yeri sorunları, hava ve gürültü kirliliği ve karbon emisyonları gibi birçok probleme de neden olmaktadır. Bu ekonomik ve çevresel maliyetleri azaltmak sürdürülebilir kentsel kalkınma için önemlidir. Bir kentin sürdürülebilirliği, ekonomik olarak kendi kendine yeterliliğine, nüfusunun eşit ve adil koşullar altında yaşam standartlarına ve çevre ve atık yönetimindeki duyarlı uygulamalara bağlıdır. Günümüzde, paketi müşterinin evine/ofisine teslim etme şeklindeki geleneksel son adım lojistik uygulamalarına ek olarak, bahsedilen dezavantajları aşmak ve süreci daha etkili ve verimli bir şekilde yönetmek için birçok yeni uygulama (kargo dolabı ile teslimat, drone teslimatı, robot teslimatı, mikro depo kullanımı, kentsel konsolidasyon merkezi kullanımı, alma/bırakma noktası, tıkla ve topla, kitle kaynak kullanımı vb.) bulunmaktadır. Lojistik hizmet sağlayıcılarının maliyetlerini en aza indirmek, müşterilerin hizmete erişimini kolaylaştırmak ve böylece müşteri memnuniyetini artırmak amacıyla bu yeni teslimat yöntemlerine yönelik işbirlikçi uygulamalar her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, literatürde ve uygulamada işbirlikçi stratejilerle uygulanan farklı yeni son adım lojistik yöntemleri araştırılmaktadır. İncelenen 43 çalışma arasında kentsel konsolidasyon merkezleri, kargo dolapları ve PUDO noktaları en sık ele alınan iş birliği modelleri olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. İş birliği stratejilerinin avantajları ve geliştirilmelerinin önündeki engeller sunulmakta ve araştırmacılara, uygulayıcılara ve şehir yöneticilerine yeni politikalar ve stratejiler geliştirmede rehberlik edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Son adım lojistik
• Kitle kaynak kullanımı
• İşbirliği
• İnceleme

Kaynakça

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