KLORPRİFOSUN DAPHNIA MAGNA KULLANARAK TOKSİSİTESİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI VE ÇEVRESEL RİSK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Öz

Tarım ilaçlarının çevresel ve sucul ortamlarda her geçen gün daha fazla tespit edilmesi ve bu ortamlarda yaşayan canlılara olan zararlı etkileri, giderek artan endişelere neden olmaktadır. Toprakta, bitkilerde, yer altı ve yüzeysel sularda kalıcı olan ve biyolojik birikime uğrayan klorprifos ve benzeri kimyasal maddelerin toksisite testleri ve çevresel risk değerlendirme çalışmaları günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Kontrol edilemeyen tarımsal akış suları ile su kaynaklarına taşınabilen tarım ilaçları sucul yaşam için ölümcül olabilmektedir. Klorprifos, tarımda böcek kontrolünde yaygın olarak uygulanan organofosfat grubu bir ilaçtır. Bu çalışmada meyve ve sebze tarımında yoğun olarak kullanılan klorprifosun çevresel risk değerlendirilmesi yapılmış ve akut toksisitesi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Risk değerlendirme çalışması için, literatürde verilen konsantrasyon aralıkları da göz önünde bulundurularak tarımsal akış sularında bulunabilecek konsantrasyonlar kullanılmıştır. Laboratuar ölçekli olarak hazırlanan ve 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10 ve 0.12 µg/L klorprifos içeren su örneklerinin toksisitesi Daphnia magna türü kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Toksisite sonuçlarına göre, klorprifos derişimi arttıkça toksisitede % 45’ e ulaşan artış gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Klorprifos, tarımsal akış suları, çevresel risk değerlendirme, toksisite, Daphnia Magna

INVESTIGATION OF CHLORPYRIFOS TOXICITY USING DAPHNIA MAGNA AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT

Öz

Pesticides have recently been detected increasingly in aquatic environment which are causing harmfull effects to these environment have led to growing concern. Nowadays, toxicity test and environmental risk assessment of chlorpyrifos and other chemicals which bioacumulated in soil, vegetation, groundwater, surface water have widely used. Pesticides transported to water resources by uncontrolled agricultural runoff can have lethal aquatic life. Chlorpyrifos is commonly applied organophosphorus insecticide in agricultural pest control. In this study, the environmental risk assessment and toxicity of chlorpyrifos which used farming of fruits and vegetables was determined using acute toxicity test (ISO 6341). The concentration ranges that given in the literature were used for risk assessment. The concentration of chlorpyrifos in agricultural runoff were used considering ranges which given in the literature. The toxicity of water samples which prepared in laboratory and contain 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10 ve 0.12 µg/L were determined by using Daphnia magna. According to the results of toxicity, the increase was observed in toxicity by 45% reaching as the concentration of chlorpyrifos was increased (r2=0.9808).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chlorpyrifos, agricultural runoff, environmental risk assessment, toxicity, Daphnia Magna

Kaynakça

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