Kesin ve bulanık hedeflerle tehlikeli parçaları dikkate alan demontaj hatlarının dengelenmesi

Öz

Demontaj, geri kazanım faaliyetlerinin adımlarından biridir. Pahalı süreçler içermesi nedeniyle, demontajın etkin ve verimli çıktılar üreten sistemlerde gerçekleştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bir demontaj hattı, ürünlerin demontajı için en uygun sistemdir. Demontaj hattı dengeleme problemi (DHDP) belirli kısıtların sağlanması koşuluyla bir ya da daha fazla hedefe ulaşmak için görevlerin ardışık olarak sıralanmış istasyonlara atanmasıdır. Bu çalışmada negatif bölge kısıtına göre, birbirleriyle çelişen hedeflerin optimize edilmesine odaklanan DHDP (DHDP-Z) önerilmiştir. Negatif bölge kısıtı tehlikeli parçalarla ilgilidir. Eğer bir üründe çıkarılması gereken tehlikeli parça/parçalar varsa, bu parçaların diğer parçalara ve sisteme zarar vermemesi amacıyla farklı bir istasyonda çıkarılmaları gerekmektedir. Birbirleriyle çelişen hedefler toplam net gerikazanım karı, geri dönüştürülecek parçaların sayısı ve çevrim zamanıdır. İlgili hedeflerin en iyilenmesi için hedef programlama (HP) ve bulanık hedef programlama (BHP) yaklaşımları önerilmiştir. Küçük boyutlu bir örnekle, yaklaşımların geçerli ve faydalı olduğu gösterilmiştir. DHDP literatürü gözlemlendiğinde, DHDP-Z’nin çözümü için çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yaklaşımlarının uygulanmadığı gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bulanık hedefler
• Demontaj
• Demontaj hatları
• Hat dengeleme
• Hedef programlama

Balancing disassembly line under hazardous parts with precise and fuzzy goals

Abstract

Disassembly is one of the steps of the recovery activities. Since it includes expensive processes, disassembly shoul be performed with the system that provides efficient and effective outputs. A disassembly line is the most suitable system for disassembly of the returned products. A disassembly line balancing problem (DLBP) is assigning disassembly tasks to consecutive workstations by satisfying a series of constraints and optimizing one or more than one goal. In this paper, the DLBP with multiple conflicting goals which takes into account the negative zone (DLBP-Z) constraints has been proposed. Negative zone constraint is related to hazardous parts. If there are hazardous part/parts in the product and they need to be removed, they may damage the othetr parts and disassembly line. Therefore, these parts must be assigned to different stations from the other parts. Goal programming (GP) and fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approaches have been proposed in order to optimize three conflicting goals, namely total net recovery profit value, the number of parts to be removed for recycling and cycle time. Through a numerical example, the proposed approaches have been tested and goal programming formulations have been shown to be valid and useful. To the best of the authors knowledge, the proposed GP and FGP models are the first multi citeria decision making (MCDM) approaches for DLBP-Z.

Keywords

• Disassembly
• Disassembly lines
• Fuzzy goals
• Goal programming
• Line balancing

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