Experimental comparison of stress-strain relationships of clay soils under freeze-thaw effect with Duncan-Chang model

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 982 - 989, 14.10.2022

Veysel Özlü Müge Elif Orakoğlu Fırat

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1131247

Öz

In this study, the stress-strain relationships of clayey soil were estimated by Duncan-Chang model, and the mathematical relationships between model parameters and freeze-thaw cycles were explained. By examining the correlations between the experimental study and the model outputs, it was determined to what extent the model was able to predict the stress-strain relationships of clay soils under freeze-thaw cycles. As a result, the relationship between the numbers of the freeze-thaw cycle and Duncan-Chang model parameters was revealed by using different curve fitting functions. Gray correlation analysis showed that the freeze-thaw effect on the model parameters cannot be ignored. By creating model parameters in the tangent deformation modulus of the Duncan-Chang model, the variation of stress-strain curves under freeze-thaw cycles was obtained with high correlations for unconsolidated-undrained soils.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Freezing-Thawing cycles, Clay soil, Duncan-Chang model, Regression analysis

Donma-çözülme etkisi altındaki killi zeminlerin gerilme-deformasyon ilişkilerinin Duncan-Chang modeli ile deneysel karşılaştırması

Öz

Bu çalışmada, killi bir zemine ait gerilme-deformasyon ilişkileri Duncan-Chang modeli ile tahmin edilmiş olup, model parametreleri ve donma-çözülme çevrimleri arasındaki matematiksel ilişkiler açıklanmıştır. Deneysel ve matematiksel model sonuçları arasındaki korelasyonlar incelenerek, modelin donma-çözülme altındaki killi zeminin gerilme-deformasyon ilişkilerini ne ölçüde tahmin edebildiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, farklı eğri uydurma fonksiyonları kullanılarak donma-çözülme döngü sayıları ve Duncan-Chang model parametreleri arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulmuştur. Grey korelasyon analizi, donma-çözülme etkisinin model parametrelerinin üzerindeki değişiminin göz ardı edilemeyeceğini göstermiştir. Duncan-Chang modelinin tanjant deformasyon modülünde bulunan model parametreleri oluşturularak, gerilme-deformasyon eğrilerinin donma-çözülme döngüleri altındaki değişimi konsolidasyonsuz- drenajsız zeminler için yüksek korelasyonlarla elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Donma-çözülme, Killi zemin, Duncan-Chang model, Regresyon analizi

Kaynakça

• O. B. Andersland and L. Branko, Frozen Ground Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2004.
• D. Y. Wang, W. Ma, Y. H. Niu, X. X. Chang and Z. Wen, Effects of cyclic freezing and thawing on mechanical properties of Qinghai–Tibet clay. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 48 (1), 34-43, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2006.09.008.
• Y. Lu, S. Liu, Y. Zhang, L. Wang and Z. Li, Hydraulic conductivity of gravelly soils with various coarse particle contents subjected to freeze–thaw cycles. Journal of Hydrology, 598, 126302, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126302.
• J. Li, Y. Zhao, A. Zhang, B. Song and R. L. Hill, Effect of grazing exclusion on nitrous oxide emissions during freeze-thaw cycles in a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 307, 107217, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2-020.107217 .
• Y. Han, Q. Wang, W. Xia, J. Liu, J. Wang, Y. Chen and J. Shen, Experimental study on the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated dispersive soil with different salinities subjected to freeze-thaw. Journal of Hydrology, 583, 124297, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.jhydrol.2019.124297.
• B. Liu, H. Fan, W. Han, L. Zhu, X. Zhao, Y. Zhang and R. Ma, Linking soil water retention capacity to pore structure characteristics based on X-ray computed tomography: Chinese Mollisol under freeze-thaw effect. Geoderma, 401, 115170, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115170.
• J. Shen, Q. Wang, Y. Chen, Y. Han, X. Zhang and Y. Liu, Evolution process of the microstructure of saline soil with different compaction degrees during freeze-thaw cycles. Engineering Geology, 106699, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2022.106699.
• J. Xu, Y. Li, C. Ren, S. Wang, S. K. Vanapalli and G. Chen, Influence of freeze-thaw cycles on microstructure and hydraulic conductivity of saline intact loess. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 181, 103183, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cold- regions.2020.103183.
• G. T. Zhao, W. L. Zou, Z. Han, D. X. Wang and X. Q. Wang, Evolution of soil-water and shrinkage characteristics of an expansive clay during freeze-thaw and drying-wetting cycles. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 186, 103275, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103275.
• M. Lv, Y. Wang and Z. Gao, The change process of soil hydrological properties in the permafrost active layer of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, CATENA, 210, 105938, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2021.105938.
• Y. Lu, Y. Zhang, S. Liu, W. Guo and F. Xu, Mechanical behaviour and permeability of expansive soils mixed with scrap tire rubbers subjected to freeze-thaw cycles, Cold Regions Science and Technology, 199,103580, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103- 580.
• S. Ahmadi, H. Ghasemzadeh and F. Changizi, Effects of A low-carbon emission additive on mechanical properties of fine-grained soil under freeze-thaw cycles, Journal of Cleaner Production, 304, 127157, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127157.
• F. Changizi, H. Ghasemzadeh, and S. Ahmadi, Evaluation of strength properties of clay treated by nano-SiO2 subjected to freeze–thaw cycles, Road Materials and Pavement Design, 1–18, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2021.1883466.
• Y. Liu, H. Deng, J. Xu, G. Tian, and J. Deng, Association study on the pore structure and mechanical characteristics of coarse-grained soil under freeze–thaw cycles, Minerals, 12(3), 314, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030314.
• X. Liu, X. Wei, and H. Qin, Characterizing compressive strength of compacted saline loess subjected to freeze–thaw cycling with wave velocity, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 81(4), 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022026-63-6.
• A. Yorulmaz, O. Sivrikaya, and F. Uysal, Evaluation of the bearing capacity of poor subgrade soils stabilized with waste marble powder according to curing time and freeze-thaw cycles, Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14(5), 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-06749-5.
• B. Huang, R. J. Bathurst, and K. Hatami, Numerical study of reinforced soil segmental walls using three different constitutive soil models, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 135(10), 1486–1498, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1061- /(asce)gt.1943-5606.0000092.
• W. Zhang, J. Ma, and L. Tang, Experimental study on shear strength characteristics of sulfate saline soil in Ningxia region under long-term freeze-thaw cycles, Cold Regions Science and Technology, 160, 48–57, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.010- 08.
• J. H. Xiong, X. Y. Kou, F. Liu, and M. J. Jiang, Applicability of Duncan-Chang model and its modified versions to methane hydrate-bearing sands, Advanced Materials Research, 347–353, 3384–3387, 2011. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.34735-3.3384.
• J. Liu, D. Chang, and Q. Yu, Influence of freeze-thaw cycles on mechanical properties of a silty sand, Engineering Geology, 210, 23–32, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.05.019.
• C. Yan, Y. Cheng, M. Li, Z. Han, H. Zhang, Q. Li, F. Teng and J. Ding, Mechanical experiments and constitutive model of natural gas hydrate reservoirs, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 42 (31), 19810–19818, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ij- hydene.2017.06.135.
• X. Liu, J. Liu, Y. Tian, D. Chang, and T. Hu, Influence of the freeze-thaw effect on the Duncan-Chang model parameter for lean clay, Transportation Geotechnics, 21, 100273, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tr- geo.2019.100273.
• ASTM D2850-95, Standard Test Method for Unconsolidated-Undrained Triaxial CompressionTest on Cohesive Soils. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 1999.
• J. M. Duncan and C. Y. Chang, Nonlinear analysis of stress and strain in soils, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 96(5), 1629–1653, 1970. https://doi.org/10.1061/jsfeaq.0001458.
• R. L. Kondner, Hyperbolic stress-strain response: cohesive soils, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 89(1), 115–143, 1963. https://doi.org/10.1061/jsfeaq.0000479.
• J. B. Hansen, Discussion of hyperbolic stress-strain response: cohesive soils, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 89(4), 241–242, 1963. https://doi.org/10.1061/jsfeaq.0000542.
• E. Amiri, H. Emami, M. R. Mosaddeghi, and A. R. Astaraei, Shear strength of an unsaturated loam soil as affected by vetiver and polyacrylamide, Soil and Tillage Research, 194, 104331, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2019.104331.
• M. Wang, S. Meng, X. Yuan, Y. Sun, J. Zhou, X. Yu and L. Chen, Research on freezing-thawing correction coefficients of shear strength parameters of seasonal frozen soil, Journal of Rock Mechanical Engineering, 37, 3756–3764, 2018. https://doi.org/10.13722/j. cnki.jrme.2016.1317.
• J. L. Deng, Introduction to grey system theory. Journal of Grey System, 1(1): 1-24, 1989.
• M. Roustaei, A. Eslami and M. Ghazavi, Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on a fiber reinforced fine grained soil in relation to geotechnical parameters, Cold Regions Science and Technology, 120, 127-137, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2015.09.011.