Tıbbi görüntüleme sistemlerinde Gemini Advanced, GPT-4, Copilot ve GPT-3.5 modellerinin doğruluk performanslarının karşılaştırılması: Sıfır atışlı yönlendirme analizi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4, 1216 - 1223, 15.10.2024

Alpaslan Koç , Ayşe Betül Öztiryaki

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1492129

Öz

Büyük dil modelleri (LLM'ler) sağlık hizmetlerinde popülerlik kazanmış ve çeşitli tıbbi uzmanlık alanlarındaki araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmektedir. Doğru sonuçlar için hangi modelin hangi koşullarda iyi performans gösterdiğini belirlemek önemlidir. Bu çalışma, yeni geliştirilen büyük dil modellerinin tıbbi görüntüleme sistemleri için doğruluklarını karşılaştırmayı ve bu modellerin verdikleri doğru yanıtlar açısından birbirleri arasındaki uyumluluklarını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu değerlendirme için toplam 400 soru X-ray, ultrason, manyetik rezonans görüntüleme ve nükleer tıp görüntüleme olarak dört kategoriye ayrılmıştır. Büyük dil modellerinin yanıtları, doğru yanıtların yüzdesi ölçülerek sıfır-atışlı yönlendirme yaklaşımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Modeller arasındaki farkların anlamlılığını değerlendirmek için McNemar testi, modellerin güvenilirliğini belirlemek için ise Cohen kappa istatistiği kullanılmıştır. Gemini Advanced, GPT-4, Copilot ve GPT-3.5 için sırasıyla %86.25, %84.25, %77.5 ve %59.75 doğruluk oranları elde edilmiştir. Diğer modellerle karşılaştırıldığında Gemini Advanced ve GPT-4 arasında güçlü bir korelasyon bulunmuştur, К=0,762. Bu çalışma, yakın zamanda geliştirilen Gemini Advanced, GPT-4, Copilot ve GPT-3.5'in tıbbi görüntüleme sistemleriyle ilgili sorulara verdiği yanıtların doğruluğunu analiz eden ilk çalışmadır. Ayrıca bu çalışma ile tıbbi görüntüleme sistemleri ile ilgili çeşitli kaynaklardan üç soru tipinden oluşan kapsamlı bir veri seti oluşturulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Büyük dil modelleri, Tıbbi görüntüleme sistemleri, Üretken yapay zeka, Doğruluğun karşılaştırılması, Alt yapı modelleri

Comparison of the accuracy performances of the Gemini Advanced, the GPT-4, the Copilot, and the GPT-3.5 models in medical imaging systems: A Zero-shot prompting analysis

Öz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity across healthcare and attracted the attention of researchers of various medical specialties. Determining which model performs well in which circumstances is essential for accurate results. This study aims to compare the accuracy of recently developed LLMs for medical imaging systems and to evaluate the reliability of LLMs in terms of correct responses. A total of 400 questions were divided into four categories: X-ray, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicine. LLMs’ responses were evaluated with a zero-prompting approach by measuring the percentage of correct answers. McNemar tests were used to evaluate the significance of differences between models, and Cohen kappa statistics were used to determine the reliability of the models. Gemini Advanced, GPT-4, Copilot, and GPT-3.5 resulted in accuracy rates of 86.25%, 84.25%, 77.5%, and 59.75%, respectively. There was a strong correlation between Gemini Advanced and the GPT-4 compared with other models, К=0.762. This study is the first that analyzes the accuracy of responses of recently developed LLMs: Gemini Advanced, GPT-4, Copilot, and GPT-3.5 on questions related to medical imaging systems. And a comprehensive dataset with three question types was created within medical imaging systems, which was evenly distributed from various sources.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Large language models, Medical imaging systems, Generative ai, Comparison of the accuracy, Foundation models

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