Türkiye’nin Trakya Bölgesi’nde Fetal Nazal Kemik Uzunluk, Prenazal Kalınlık ve Korpus Kallozum Ölçümü

Öz

Amaç: Nazal kemik fetüste onuncu haftadan itibaren ultrason ile tespit edilebilir. Nazal kemik aplazisi ya da hipoplazisi durumunda kromozomal anomali riski artar. Prenazal kalınlık artışı da Down sendromlu fetüslerde ikinci trimester sırasında sıklıkla gözlenir. Bunlara ek olarak, korpus kallozum da on sekizinci haftadan itibaren fetüslerde ultrason ile tespit edilebilir. Bu yapının agenezisi ya da disgenezisi nöral bozuklulara sebep olur. Bu çalışmada on dokuz ile yirmi üçüncü hafta arasındaki fetüslerde nazal kemik uzunluğu, prenazal kalınlık ve korpus kallozum uzunluğu için nomogram hazırlamayı amaçladık. Materyal ve Metot: 1 Aralık 2018 ile 31 Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Kliniği Perinatoloji Polikliniğinde tarafımızca takip edilen gebelerin dosyaları incelendi. Çalışmaya 19 ile 23 gebelik hafta arasındaki 167 hasta alındı. Bulgular: Nazal kemik uzunluğu, prenazal kalınlık ve korpus kallozum uzunluğu gebelik haftası ilerledikçe artmış gözlendi. Nazal kemik uzunluğu, prenazal kalınlık ve korpus kallozum (mm) uzunluğu için Mean±SD sırasıyla 6.65±0.7, 4±0.5, 20.1±1.4 bulundu. Sonuç: İkinci trimester ultrason muayenesi sırasında nazal kemik uzunluğu, prenazal kalınlık ve korpus kallozum uzunluğu ölçülebilir. Bu ölçümler kromozomal anomaliler ve genetik hastalıkların prenatal tanısında önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• korpus kallozum
• nazal kemik
• prenazal kalınlık

Measurement of Fetal Nasal Bone Length, Prenasal Thickness and Corpus Callosum Length of Fetuses in Thrace Region of Turkey

Abstract

Objective: The nasal bone can be imaged with ultrasonography (USG) from the 10th week of pregnancy. In situations where the nasal bone is aplastic or hypoplastic, the risk of chromosomal anomalies increases. Thickening of the prenasal soft tissue is also apparent in the vast majority of second-trimester fetuses with Down syndrome. In addition to these, corpus callosum is another fetal structure that can be visualized from 18th weeks of the gestation by ultrasound. Agenesis or dysgenesis of it is related with neuro-disabilities. In this study our objective was to provide reference charts for fetal nasal bone, prenasal thickness and corpus callosum length obtained by prenatal sonography between 19th and 23rd weeks of pregnancy. Material and Method: The medical records of pregnant women who were followed-up in Trakya University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics&Gynecology, Division of Perinatology during the time period of 1st of January 2018 to 31st of December 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. We studied 167 patients in between 19 and 23 weeks of pregnancy. Results: Nasal bone length, prenasal thickness and corpus callosum length increased as the gestation proceeded. Mean±SD nasal bone length, prenasal thickness and corpus callosum length (mm) between 19th and 23rd weeks were 6.65±0.7, 4±0.5, 20.1±1.4 respectively. Conclusion: Ultrasound measurements of nasal bone length, prenasal thickness and corpus callosum can be performed within the second-trimester anomaly scan, and these measurements appear to be highly necessary because these measurement sensitive for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities and genetic syndromes.

Keywords

• corpus callosum
• nasal bone
• prenasal thickness

Kaynakça

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