HAKEMLERİN SEÇİMİ: HAKEMLERİN UYRUKLARINA İLİŞKİN HERHANGİ BIR KISITLAMA VAR MI? NURDIN JIVRAJ V SADRUDDIN HASHWANI DAVASININ ELEŞTİREL BİR ANALİZİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 - 20, 01.07.2023

Ayşe Tuğba Özkarslıgil

https://doi.org/10.51562/nkuhukuk.2023411

Öz

Uluslararası tahkimin temel özü, tarafsızlık, bağımsızlık, ve nötrlük ile karakterize edilen bir tahkim mahkemesinin varlığında yatmaktadır. Hakemlerin tarafsızlığı ve bağımsızlığı, taraflardan herhangi birine karşı herhangi bir doğrudan ilişki veya ön yargıdan kaçınmakla ilişkilendirilirken, nötrlük hakemin uyruğuyla ilgilidir. Jivraj v Hashwani davasında temel soru, hakemlerin seçiminde tarafların özerkliğinin sınırlarını belirlemektir. Özellikle, Jivraj v Hashwani davası, bir hakemin belirli bir dini cemaatin üyesi olma şartının ayrımcılık ve dolayısıyla hukuka uygun olup olmadığı konusunu gündeme getirdi. Bu davada görüldüğü gibi, İngiliz Temyiz Mahkemesi, tahkim şartına dini bir koşul eklenmesinin hukuka aykırı olduğuna ve tahkim şartını hükümsüz kıldığına karar vermiştir. Birleşik Krallık Yüksek Mahkemesi, İngiliz Temyiz Mahkemesi’nin kararını bozarak tarafların hakemlerini seçme özgürlüğüne karar verdi. Yüksek Mahkeme kararı, İngiliz hukukuna tabii sözleşmeler için vatandaşlık, istihdam, ve yasaların geçmişe yürümesi gibi konularda bir miktar netlik sağlamıştır. Bu makale hakem seçiminde tarafların özerkliğini incelemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tahkim, Hakem Seçimi, Tahkim Sözleşmesi, Hakemlerin Uyruğu, Tahkim Şartı

CHOICE OF ARBITRATORS: ANY RESTRICTIONS ON THE NATIONALITY OF ARBITRATORS? A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NURDIN JIVRAJ V SADRUDDIN HASHWANI CASE

Öz

The fundamental essence of international arbitration lies in the presence of an arbitral tribunal that is characterized by impartiality, independence, and neutrality. Impartiality and independence of arbitrators are associated with avoiding any t or bias towards either party, while neutrality pertains to the arbitrator’s nationality. The principal question in Jivraj v Hashwani case is to determine the limits on party autonomy in the selection of arbitrators. In particular, Jivraj v Hashwani case raised the issue of whether a requirement for an arbitrator to be a member of a particular religious community was discriminatory and thus unlawful. As is seen from this case, the English Court of Appeal ruled that including a religious requirement in an arbitration clause is unlawful and renders the clause null and void. The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom overturned the English Court of Appeal’s decision and upheld the freedom of parties to specify their arbitrators. Supreme Court decision in Jivraj v Hashwani provided some clarity on issues such as employment, nationality, and retroactivity when contracts were governed by United Kingdom law. This article investigates boundaries of party autonomy in appointing arbitrators.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arbitration, Choice of Arbitrator, Arbitration Agreement, The Nationality of Arbitrators, Arbitration Clause

Kaynakça

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