Güney Sırbistan’da Kırılgan Barış: Preševo Vadisi’nde Azınlık Siyaseti, Güvenlik ve Devlet Otoritesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, Güney Sırbistan’daki Preševo Vadisi’ni çatışma sonrası dönemde şekillenen siyasal ve kurumsal düzen çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, 2000–2001 dönemindeki silahlı çatışmanın ardından bölgede oluşan güvenlik merkezli istikrarın neden kalıcı ve kapsayıcı bir barışa dönüşmediğini ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda makalede tarihsel arka plan, devlet otoritesinin yeniden tesisi, uluslararası aktörlerin rolü, azınlık siyaseti, siyasal temsil, kamu kurumlarına erişim ve güncel hak sorunları birlikte ele alınmıştır. Araştırma, nitel yaklaşım temelinde belge çözümlemesine dayanmaktadır. Birleşmiş Milletler (BM), Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO), Avrupa Birliği (AB), Avrupa Güvenlik ve İşbirliği Teşkilatı (AGİT), Avrupa Konseyi ve ilgili ulusal kurumlar tarafından yayımlanan resmî belgeler ile seçilmiş akademik çalışmalar karşılaştırmalı biçimde incelenmiştir. Çalışma, Preševo Vadisi’nde güvenlik bakımından belirli bir istikrar sağlanmış olmasına rağmen siyasal kapsayıcılık, eşit yurttaşlık, kurumsal güven ve hak erişimi alanlarında önemli kırılganlıkların sürdüğünü göstermektedir. Özellikle adres pasifleştirmesi etrafında yoğunlaşan güncel tartışmalar, kırılganlığın güvenlik alanından çok temsil, kayıt rejimi ve kamusal hizmetlere erişim başlıklarında görünür hâle geldiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çerçevede makale, Preševo Vadisi’ni açık çatışmanın sona erdiği, ancak barışın toplumsal ve kurumsal düzeyde tam anlamıyla derinleşmediği bir kırılgan barış örneği olarak değerlendirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Preševo Vadisi
• Güney Sırbistan
• Kırılgan Barış
• Azınlık Siyaseti
• Devlet Otoritesi

Fragile Peace in Southern Serbia: Minority Politics, Security, and State Authority in the Preševo Valley

Öz

This article examines the Preševo Valley in Southern Serbia within the framework of the political and institutional order that emerged in the post-conflict period. Its main aim is to explain why the security-based stability established after the armed conflict of 2000–2001 did not evolve into a lasting and inclusive peace. In this context, the study addresses the historical background of the region together with the re-establishment of state authority, the role of international actors, minority politics, political representation, access to public institutions, and current rights-related issues. Methodologically, the article is based on document analysis within a qualitative research design. Official documents published by the United Nations (UN), the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the European Union (EU), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Council of Europe, and relevant national institutions are examined comparatively alongside selected academic studies. The findings show that, although a certain degree of security-based stability has been achieved in the Preševo Valley, significant fragilities persist in the areas of political inclusiveness, equal citizenship, institutional trust, and access to rights. In particular, current debates surrounding address passivization reveal that this fragility has become more visible in representation, registration regimes, and access to public services than in the security sphere itself. In this respect, the article evaluates the Preševo Valley as a case of fragile peace in which open conflict has ended, yet peace has not fully deepened at the social and institutional levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Preševo Valley
• Southern Serbia
• Fragile Peace
• Minority Politics
• State Authority

Kaynakça

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