ÖZLÜ SÖZLERİN ARAPÇA ÖĞRETİMİNDE KULLANILABİLİRLİĞİ: HADÂİKU’L-HİKME ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 48, 1 - 26, 29.06.2019

Celal Turgut Koç , Emine Demirkazık

https://doi.org/10.32330/nusha.531954

Cited By: 1

Öz

Özlü söz
metinleri, yapısı itibariyle gerek dil bilgisi ve gerekse dilsel açıdan zengin
bir içeriğe sahiptir. Bu özellik göz önüne alındığında, özlü sözlerin Arapça
derslerinde öğretimin bir parçası olarak kullanılması, öğretimin verimliliği ve
öğrenmenin kalıcılığı açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir.

Araştırmaya
kaynaklık eden “Hadâiku’l-Hikme” isimli eserde geçen yaklaşık 150 tane özlü söz
metni üzerinde incelemeler yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, belirlenen özlü söz metinlerinde
öncelikle kullanılan dil ele alınarak bu metinler dil bilgisi ve dilsel
özellikler açısından incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda Arap dili öğretmenlerinin,
Arapça dil derslerinde adı geçen özlü söz metinlerinden “cümle çeşitleri, dilbilgisi,
deyimler, çeşitli dil kalıpları, karşılaştırma, üstün tutma ve farklı gösterme,
söz sanatları” gibi konu başlıklarında istifade edebileceği tespit edilmiştir.

Çalışma nitel
bir araştırma olup, tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın veri toplama
aşamasında amaçlı örneklem yöntemiyle seçilmiş özlü sözler kullanılmıştır.
Amaçlı örneklem yoluyla seçilen bu metinler incelenerek dil bilgisi ve dilsel
özelliklerine ilişkin veriler elde edilmiştir.

Çalışmada
öncelikle dilin tanımı yapılarak ardından Arapça öğretiminin önemine değinilmiş ve özlü sözler hakkında
bilgi verilmiştir. Daha sonra ise, araştırmaya kaynaklık eden
“Hadâiku’l-Hikme” isimli eserden alınan Arapça özlü söz metinleri incelenerek
elde edilen bulgular paylaşılmıştır. Sonuç bölümde ise Arapça öğretmenlerine
yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yabancı dil öğretimi, Arapça öğretimi

Availability of Aphorisms in Arabic Teaching: Hadâiku’l-Hikme Case

Öz

Aphorism texts structurally have both grammatical and
linguistically rich content. Considering this feature, the use of aphorism
words as a part of teaching in Arabic lessons is of great importance in terms
of the efficiency of teaching and the permanence of learning.

Approximately 150 aphorism texts taken from “Hadâiku'l-Hikme"
which is the source of the research were examined. In this context, primarily
the language used in the mentioned aphorism texts were brought under focus,
then these texts were examined in terms of grammar and linguistic features. In
this direction, it is determined that Arabic language teachers can take
advantage of the quoted texts mentioned in Arabic language lessons in topics
like sentence types, grammar, idioms, various language patterns, comparison,
supremacy, different representation, and oratory.

The study was a qualitative research and the screening model was
used. In the data collection phase of the study, the aphorism words chosen by
the sampling method were used. The texts selected through purposive sampling
were analyzed and data on their grammatical and linguistic characteristics were
obtained.

In this study, firstly language was defined and then the importance
of teaching Arabic was mentioned. In the following section, information about
the aphorism words was provided. In the next section, the findings of the study
were shared by analyzing the Arabic aphorism words from "Hadâiku’l-Hikme"
which is the source of the research. In the final section, the suggestions were
submitted for Arabic teachers.

Structured Abstract

Language is a living entity created collectively by society. Language is
a mirror of the culture of the community that speaks it. Language and culture
are indispensable factors for each other. It is not possible to talk about the
existence of a society without a language or a language without a society. From
this point of view, it is important to remember this fact when teaching and
learning a foreign language. Because this perspective contributes positively to
the speed of learning by increasing the motivation of the individual who learns
that language. Through the language, which distinguishes humans from other
living beings, the individual has the opportunity to communicate with the whole
world.

In our world, which is described as the global village by McLuhan, we
are witnessing a rapid change every day with the impact of successive
technological developments. With the effect of this change, people have started
to communicate more easily. While only some proportion of society needs to
learn foreign languages in the past years, when we look today, people from
large masses of society tend to learn foreign languages.

As the intercultural communication activities in Turkey are increasing
rapidly as in other countries of the world, foreign language learning takes an
important place. In the past, while the individuals confine themselves to
learning only one foreign language except for their mother tongue, today they
need to learn second and even third foreign language. Other reasons such as
science, art, tourism activities, politics, trade, and communication are
considered among the reasons that encourage individuals to learn more foreign
languages. When the educational institutions in our country are examined,
Arabic teaching is ranked the highest priority just after the English. The fact
that Arabic is one of the well-accepted languages in the presence of the United
Nations has undoubtedly carried Arabic to a more important position in our
country as it is in the world. As a result; the attraction of the people
towards the Arabic learning is increasing day by day and modern teaching
methods and materials are needed. Various studies are carried out by experts in
this field in order to meet this requirement. Unfortunately, these studies have
not yet reached the desired level. In the process of determining the
curriculum, the techniques and methods to be used in the program should be
determined meticulously as to primarily developing basic language skills and
use of learned skills.

Arabic Aphorism texts structurally have both grammatical and
linguistically rich content. Considering this feature, the use of aphorism
words as a part of teaching in Arabic lessons is of great importance in terms
of the efficiency of teaching and the permanence of learning.

The study was a qualitative research and the screening model was
used. In the data collection phase of the study, the aphorism words chosen by
the sampling method were used. The texts selected through purposive sampling
were analyzed and data on their grammatical and linguistic characteristics were
obtained.

Approximately 150 aphorism texts taken from “Hadâiku'l-Hikme"
which is the source of the research were examined. In this context, primarily
the language used in the mentioned aphorism texts were brought under focus,
then these texts were examined in terms of grammar and linguistic features. In
this direction, it is determined that Arabic language teachers can take
advantage of the quoted texts mentioned in Arabic language lessons in  topics like sentence types, grammar, idioms,
various language patterns, comparison, supremacy, different representation, and
oratory.

It is appropriate to employ aphorism texts in all teaching levels since
they completely have a fluent (classical Arabic) language usage in Arabic. They
can be used in language courses both prepared for basic and advanced level
students. Then, in the wake of investigations conducted in "Hadâiku'l-Hikme"
named book, which is the source of our research, it was observed that Arabic
aphorism words have a rich content that reflects almost all examples of Arabic
grammar. In addition to the grammar samples, many figures of speech examples
were discovered in the aphorism texts. Because, as is known, when the aphorism
words we also use in our own language are examined in terms of literary arts,
it appears that they amply include literary arts such as diagnosis, comparison,
hyperbolism, oxymoron, seci’, etc. The message which is intended to be given
through these words is conveyed much more effectively. In the classes where the
advanced level of Arabic lessons will be conducted, advantage of aphorism texts
can be taken while teaching the literary arts.

Finally, the aphorism words can be used in teaching grammar and
vocabulary, as well as teaching Arabic idioms and various language patterns. It
has been studied out that Arabic aphorism words are extremely rich in terms of
idioms and various language patterns. As long as the aphorism words are
included in Arabic lessons, the vocabulary of the students will be enriched
more by way of speech texts. In this way, both the student's language skills
will increase and the power of self-expression will develop further.

In this study, firstly language was defined and then the importance of
teaching Arabic was mentioned. In the following section, information about the
aphorism words was provided. In the next section, the findings of the study
were shared by analyzing the Arabic aphorism words from "Hadâiku’l-Hikme"
which is the source of the research. In the final section, the suggestions were
submitted for Arabic teachers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arabic concise words, Arabic teaching. Foreign language teaching

Kaynakça

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