Nİ‘METULLAH B. RÛHULLAH el-HÜSEYNÎ el-KERBELÂÎ’NİN ŞERHU’L-KASÎDETİ’T-TANTARÂNİYYE METNİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 50, 63 - 88, 30.06.2020

Leyla Yakupoğlu Boran

https://doi.org/10.32330/nusha.688631

Öz

Kasîde-i Tantarâniyye; Mu‘înuddîn Ebû Nasr b. Abdurrezzâk et-Tantarânî el-Merâğî’nin, Büyük Selçuklu sultanları Alparslan ile oğlu Melikşah döneminde vezirlik yapan ve eğitimin öncüsü olarak addedilen Nizâmiye medreselerinin kurucusu olan Nizâmülmülk’ü methetmek amacıyla kaleme aldığı meşhur bir kasidedir. Otuz beş beyitten müteşekkil, Kasîde-i terci‘iyye, Kasîde-i mücennese, Kasîde-i tarsi‘iyye gibi birçok isimle de anılan Kasîde-i Tantarâniyye, edebî sanatlarla müzeyyen yapısı itibariyle diğer kasideler arasından temayüz etmiş; üzerine yazılan şerh, nazîre ve tesdislerle farklı bağlamlarda dikkate değer bir edebî ilgiye mazhar olmuştur.
Kasideye şerh yazan isimler arasında Ebu’l-Alâ Alâeddin Muhammed b. Muhammed el-Bihiştî el-İsferâyînî, Muhammed Hâcî Nebî el-Humeydî el-Kevsec, Ni‘metullah b. Rûhullah el-Hüseynî el-Kerbelâî, Ebu’l-Leyl Abdurrabbih Muhammed İbnu’l-Hâc el-Arabî el-Unnâbî, Mustafa İsâmuddin Üsküdârî, Derviş Muhammed b. Hâc Velî b. Hac Resûl Tarsûsî Bezârî Hanefî Kâdirî, Muhammed b. Murâd el-Bosnevî, Mustafa b. Ebû Bekir es-Sivâsî, Şerîf Abdulkâdir el-Mevsılî, Müderris-Müftü Mehmed Kemâleddin Harpûtî bulunmaktadır. Kasidenin Türkçe, Farsça ve Fransızcaya tercümeleri de yapılmıştır. Beyazıt Devlet Kütüphanesi’nde Farsça tercümesi bulunan kasidenin, Silvestre de Sacy tarafından yapılmış Fransızca bir tercümesi de mevcuttur. Kemalpaşazâde ile İbrâhim b. Mehmed el-Yalvâcî’nin tercümeleri de kasidenin Türkçeye yapılan tercümelerinden en fazla ön plana çıkanlardır.
Kasidenin bazı Türkçe tercüme ve şerhleri üzerine birkaç akademik çalışma yapılmış olmasına rağmen Arapça şerhleri üzerine herhangi bir neşre rastlanamamıştır. Bu çalışmada da Kasîde-i Tantarâniyye hakkında çeşitli bilgiler verilmekle birlikte Ni‘metullah b. Rûhullah el-Hüseynî el-Kerbelâî’nin kasideye yazmış olduğu Arapça şerh ele alınmıştır.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kasîde-i Tantarâniyye, Ni‘metullah b. Rûhullah el-Hüseynî el-Kerbelâî, Arapça şerh, Mu’înuddîn Ebû Nasr b. Abdirrezzâk et-Tantarânî, Nizâmülmülk

Sharh al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah By Nimetallah b. Rûhullah el-Hoseinî el-Kerbelai

Öz

Abstract
al-Kasidah at-Tantaraniyyah was written by Muinuddîn Abu Nasr b. Abd al-Razzak al-Tantarani al-Maraghi for the purpose of praising Nizamulmulk who was vizier on the period of Alparslan and his son Malekshah who were Sultans of Great Seljuk Empire. al-Tantarani also was considered as founder of Nizamiah Madrasah which was regarded as the leader of education at that time. al-Tantaraniyyah composed of thirty five couplets and is called with a few names such as al-Kasidah al-Tarjeeyyah, al-Kasidah al- Mojannasah and al-Kasidah al-Tarseeyyah. It took attention with its preciosity which is full of literary arts. al-Kasidah maintainces its importance in literary circle until today by the paraphreases and nazeerahs and tasdeeses which had been written about it.
Abu al-Lail Abdarrabbih Mohammad Ibn al-Haj al-Arabi al-Unnabi, Abu al-Alâ Alaaddin Mohammad b. Mohammad al-Baheshtî al-Esfarayini, Mohammad Haji Nabi al-Humaidi al-Kavsaj, Nimetallah b. Rûhullah al-Hoseinî al-Kerbelai, Mustafa Isamuddin Uskudari, Mohammad b. Haj Veli b. Haj Rasul Tarsusi Bazari Hanefi Qadiri, Mohammad b. Murad al-Bosnawi, Mustafa b. Abu Bakr al-Sivasi, Shareef Abdalqadeer al-Mavsili, Müderris-Müftü Mehmed Kemaleddin Harputi are some commentators who wrote the paraphreases about al-Tantaraniyyah. Also it were translated into Turkish, Persian and French. A version of its Persian translation is stored in Bayazit State Library. It was translated into French by Silvestre de Sacy and translated into Turkish by Kemalpashazade and Ibrahim b. Mehmed al-Yalvaci.
Though availabity of academic studies on al-Tantaraniyyah’s Turkish paraphrases and translations, it has not been found out an academic study on Arabic paraphreases. So in this article, giving some informations about al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah, it will be submitted on Sharh al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah by Nimetallah b. Rûhullah al-Hoseinî al-Kerbelai.

Structured Abstract
In Arabic literature, eulogiums which are written within the frame of particular issues and in certain order are named by their subjects and their rhyme letters or their first verses. For example, in regard to be its ryhme letter, some of eulogiums are named as al-Kasidah al-Mimiyyah, al-Kasidah al-Nuniyyah, Lamiyat al-Arab and Lamiyat al-Ajem; in regard to their issues some are named as al-Khamriyyah and al-Tardiyyah; and also there are eulogiums which have a specific names such as Qasidah al-Burdah, Qasidah al-Munfarijah.
In classical Arabic poetry, as a verse form the eulogiums are taken much interests by poets and some of them comes to the fore in proportion to others because of some reasons and they are studied again within the contex of paraphreas, annotation, takhmees and tashteer.
Qasidah al-Burdah written by both Kaab b. Zuhair and Busiri, al-Qasidah al-Khamriyyah and al-Qasidah al-taiyyah written by Ibn al-Faridh, Lamiyah al-Arab by Shanfarah, al-Qasidah al-Nuniyyah by Abu al-Fath al-Busti were among those eulogiums which were the most paraphreased ones.
In classical Arabic literature, al-Qasidah al-Tantaraniyyah is among those most popular eulogiums. It is named as al-Qasidah al-Tarjeeyyah in regard to have similar repeated voices, named as al-Qasidah al-Mujannasah in regard to include different examples of literary art named paronomasia, named as al-Qasidah al-Tarseeyyah in regard to have a lot of items in same ryhme and poetic meter, also named as Zu al-kafiatain to involve two rhymes in each verse.
al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah was commited to paper by Muinuddîn Abu Nasr b. Abd al-Razzak al-Tantarani al-Maraghi who was from Baghdad and Baghdad’s best poets in hijri fifth century. He was described as ‘the greatest intellectual’ and qualified as ‘the poesy is his unimportant talent’ by Dawlatshah in Tazkirat al-shoarah.
al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah was written to glorify Nizamulmulk who was the most known vizier of Great Seljuk Empire. al-Tantaraniyyah has high sense of art and thirty-five couplets. In each six parts of poem comprises of five couplets. Its twenty-five couplets are for the part of naseeb and ten couplets are for encomia part. It was written by using Arabic aruz prosedy’s ramal form which is fâilâtun fâilâtun fâilâtun fâilun.
In part of naseeb which is formed of twenty-five couplets, writer of al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah Abd al-Razzak al-Tantarani explains his deep love to Prophet Mohammad. Due to this reason al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah is respected between encomias which were written for Prophet Mohammad. al-Tantarani says in this poem that he lost his mind by reason of his deep love to Prophet Mohammad and his waist was leaned like an arc, he was suffering because of being away from Prophet Mohammad and his heart which is full of love was exhausted. Also, he says in poem that he cried so much, because of this some scars were appeared on his cheeks and he would be well if he came together with Prophet Mohammed. From twenty fifth couplet al-Tantarani begins to glorify Nizamulmulk to whom he calls as ‘ascetic’ and describes as a leader who guides intellectuals in consequence of his knowledge and piousness. In this part, al-Tantarani mentions about Nizamulmulk’s generosity to poor people and his power and his fairness and moderation to his comrades.
Abu al-Lail Abdarrabbih Mohammad Ibn al-Haj al-Arabi al-Unnabi, Abu al-Ala Alaaddin Mohammad b. Mohammad al-Baheshti al-Esfarayini, Mohammad Haji Nabi al-Humaidi al-Kavsaj, Nimetallah b. Rûhullah al-Hoseinî al-Kerbelai, Mustafa Isamuddin Uskudari, Mohammad b. Haj Veli b. Haj Rasul Tarsusi Bazari Hanefi Qadiri, Mohammad b. Murad al-Bosnawi, Mustafa b. Abu Bakr al-Sivasi, Shareef Abdalqadeer al-Mavsili, Müderris-Müftü Mehmed Kemaleddin Harputi are some commentators who wrote the paraphreases about al-Tantaraniyyah. Also it were translated into Turkish, Persian and French. A version of its Persian translation is stored in Bayazit State Library. It was translated into French by Silvestre de Sacy and translated into Turkish by Kemalpashazade and Ibrahim b. Mehmed al-Yalvaci.
Though availabity of academic studies on al-Tantaraniyyah’s Turkish paraphrases and translations, it has not been found out an academic study on Arabic paraphreases. So in this article, giving some informations about al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah, it will be submitted on Sharh al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah by Nimetallah b. Rûhullah al-Hoseinî al-Kerbelai. In this copy of Sharh al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah, el-Kerbelai followed three periods while studing on this eulogium. First is to explain poet’s word with the words which are commonly used in Arabic. Second is to clarify the words grammatically. Third is to explain couplets meanings clearly.

Anahtar Kelimeler

al-Kasidah al-Tantaraniyyah, Nimetallah b. Rûhullah al-Hoseinî al-Kerbelai, Paraphreas in Arabic, Muinuddîn Abu Nasr b. Abd al-Razzak al-Tantarani, Nizamulmulk

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