Investigation of Jurji Zaidan’s “Saladin Ayyubi” Novel by Turkish Translations According to Mona Baker’s Translation Strategies

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 50, 229 - 258, 30.06.2020

Osman Düzgün Çevirmen: Sadiye İlhan

https://doi.org/10.32330/nusha.730563

Cited By: 2

Öz

Idioms have an important place in learning the values and living conditions of societies. Many sayings coming from the history to the present, are the results of the past experiences. These experiences are carried through language. Because there is almost no possibility of knowing people without language. Almost everything occuring in this world is related to language. Idioms are the cultural based vocabulary assets of a language. In this study, the strategies used in idiom translation were examined within the framework of Mona Baker's translation strategies. These strategies are translation with similar meaning and form, similar meaning but dissimilar form, translation by paraphrase, translation by omission. Firstly, the above mentioned strategies are defined; Arabic and Turkish idioms are shown in tables and examples are given. At the same time, the problems that the translator will encounter in this process are emphasized and these problems are clarified. The idioms determined in the novel of Jurji Zaidan, which was translated from Arabic to Turkish by Zeki Megamiz and translated from English as the second source to Turkish by Cuma Vural were examined within the scope of the above mentioned strategies, and they were examined by giving examples from the source text.

Structured Abstract
Idioms are cultural heritage words that are used outside of real meaning and have a unique metaphor meaning, which are said to make the expression more meaningful, concise and impressive, That’s a cultural heritage that may change meaning over time and may be used in different meanings or new species may be formed.
Idioms are groups of words that carry the cultural accumulation, common value judgments of a society from past to the future and bring richness and fluency to the language. Transferring this cultural accumulation from one society to another is possible through translation. Translating idioms from one language to another is a challenging process. Because idioms are cultural richness and it is not enough to convey the meaning while translating, but it is also necessary to pay attention to the ordering of the phrases and phrases.
It is also important to create a smilar effect of the source langue reader on the target reader within formal and cultural features of the text. In addition, idioms have an important place in learning society's value judgments and living conditions. Because there is almost no possibility of knowing people without language. Almost everything occuring in this world is related to language. These experiences are carried through language. Idıoms are the cultural based vocabulary assets of a language. Based on this, we will examine the idioms that are the subject of our study in the context of Mona Baker's translation strategies.
The strategy is a roadmap determined by the translator, guiding the translator about how to make a translation, and ensuring that the translation text remains in a certain order. Decisions taken by the translator in the context of translation strategies during the translation process are determined whether the cultural translation of the language will be succesfully done. On the other hand, in order to use these strategies efficiently, the translator must know all linguistic feautures of both the source language and the target language and know closely the differences between the two cultures. Otherwise, a text that emerges from a translation made only by giving the meanings of the words does not go beyond being an incomprehensible text for the target reader.
In this study, the strategies used in idiom translation were examined within the framework of Mona Baker's translation strategies. These strategies are translation with similar meaning and form, similar meaning but dissimilar form, translation by paraphrase, translation by omission. Firstly, the above mentioned strategies are defined; Arabic and Turkish idioms are shown in tables and examples are given. At the same time, the problems that the translator will encounter in this process are emphasized and these problems are clarified. The idioms determined in the novel of Jurji Zaidan, which was translated from Arabic to Turkish by Zeki Megamiz and translated from English as the second source to Turkish by Cuma Vural were examined within the scope of the above mentioned strategies, and they were examined by giving examples from the source text.
This research has a cultural study aspect. It is determined that sometimes it is not possible to transfer a cultural expression from a source language to a target language in exactly the same way. The aim of the study is to determine the translation strategies used in idiom translation, to show the equivalence, difference and meaning losses in translated text via the mentioned strategies. As a result of the findings, formal and semantic differences were seen in the idiom translation as well as the the the equivalences at the formal and semantic levels were achieved. As can be understood from here, the main goal of the translation process is to convey the message given in the source language text to the target language text, preserving its meaning and style as much as possible. Likewise, the meaning and style features of the source text language should be preserved. Therefore, an ideal translation should be as true to the original and free as necessary. If the translation is free as much as possible without being true to its original, it is a new text rather than a translation. Since the translations, which are completely true to the original, will have 100 percent source text features, a structure that smells of translation appears in the target text.
Based on Mona Baker's strategies for translation of idioms, it was examined how the idioms in Jurji Zaidan 's “Saladin Ayyubȋ” novel which translated from source language Arabic and intermediate language English to Turkish as the target language. In comparative text analysis, it was determined that translators did not follow the necessary strategies in creating target text, and often made translations independent of source text. The idioms existing in the source text is not felt in most parts of the target text. In this context, it was observed that translators did not succeed at idiom level in carrying the source culture to the target culture. As we have mentioned before, the translator must have a command of both languages and cultures, analyze the text very well and be able to interpret the expressions that make up the general structure of the text.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Novel, Translation, Strategy, Idiom, Mona Baker, Jurji Zaidan

CORCİ ZEYDAN’IN “SELÂHADDÎN EYYUBΔ ROMANINDAKİ DEYİMLERİN TÜRKÇE ÇEVİRLERİNİN MONA BAKER ÇEVİRİ STRATEJİLERİNE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Toplumların değer yargılarını ve yaşam koşullarını öğrenme konusunda deyimlerin önemli bir yeri vardır. Tarihten günümüze gelen birçok söz, geçmişten gelen ve dil yoluyla taşınan deneyimlerin sonucudur. Bu deneyim dil yoluyla taşınmaktadır. Çünkü dil alanı dışında insanı tam olarak tanıma imkânı neredeyse yoktur. Dünyada meydana gelen her şey nerdeyse dil ile ilintilidir. Deyimler de o dilin kültür eksenli söz varlıklarıdır. Bu çalışmada deyim çevirisinde kullanılan stratejiler Mona Baker’ın çeviri stratejileri çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Bu stratejiler benzer anlam benzer biçimle çeviri, benzer anlam farklı biçimle çeviri, açımlama yoluyla çeviri ve çıkarma yoluyla çeviri stratejileridir. Öncelikli olarak yukarıda adı geçen stratejilerin tanımları yapılmış; Arapça ve Türkçe deyimler tablo halinde gösterilerek örnekler verilmiştir. Aynı zamanda bu süreçte çevirmenin karşılaşacağı sorunlar üzerinde durulmuş ve bu sorunlara açıklık getirilmiştir. Ardından Zeki Megamiz tarafından kaynak dil Arapçadan Türkçeye ve Cuma Vural tarafından ara dil İngilizceden Türkçeye çevirisi yapılan Corci Zeydan’ın Selâhaddȋn Eyyubȋ romanında tespit edilen deyimlerden bazıları örnekleme yoluyla yukarıda bahsedilen stratejiler kapsamında ele alınmış, kaynak metinden tablo düzeyinde örnekler verilerek incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Corci Zeydan, Roman, Çeviri, Strateji, Deyim, Mona Baker

Kaynakça

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