Bal Peteği Dekorlu Depolama Kapları (Honeycomb Ware) Üzerine Genel Değerlendirme ve Dağılımı ile Tarihlenmesine İlişkin Yukarı Mezopotamya’dan (Türkiye) Yeni Kanıtlar

Öz

Bal Peteği Dekorlu Depolama Kapları (Honeycomb ware); 1960’lı yıllardan bu yana araştırılan ve Mezopotamya geneli, İran’ın batısı, Pers Körfezi’nin güneyindeki Arap Yarımadası’nın doğu kıyıları ile son yıllarda Suriye’nin kuzeydoğusunda görülen seramiklerdir. Bu seramikler genellikle pithos ya da amphora benzeri daha çok depolama amaçlı kullanılmış kaplar olarak düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte cidar kalınlıkları ve ağız çapları dikkate alınarak, çömlek formlarının olabileceğine yönelik düşünce de yine bu makale kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca bu makale kapsamında, Türkiye’nin güneydoğusunda da bu seramiklere rastlanıldığı aktarılmaktadır. Bu seramiklerin 2 tipe ayrılabileceğini önermek mümkündür. Bu 2 tipi de alt tiplere ayırabilmek mümkündür. Bu seramiklerin üzerinde genellikle petek, dikey kanal ve yatay yönlü oval kanal veya yay şeklinde bezemeler bulunmaktadır. Bezemenin yapılış tekniği, gövde üzerine hamur yaşken parmak baskı biçimindedir. Bunun dışında bazı örneklerde; dalga ve dikey ya da yatay yönlü kazıma yivler, kertik gibi alet ile yapılmış bezemeler de bu seramiklerin ağız, boyun ya da gövde üzerinde ayrıca görülebilen çeşitleridir. Üretime ilişkin net veriler olmasa da, Mezopotamya kökenli bir üretimden söz etmek veya en azından Mezopotamya ve yakın çevresi üretimin olduğunu belirtmek mümkündür. Bu seramikler, en erken 5. ya da 6. yüzyıllar ile birlikte ortaya çıkmış, daha çok 7.-8. yüzyıllara tarihlenen ve en geç 9. ya da 10. yüzyıllara kadar üretimi devam etmiş seramikler olarak gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Honeycomb Ware
• Geç Sasani-Erken İslami Dönem
• Mezopotamya
• Suriye
• İran
• Arabistan.

General Evaluation of Honeycomb-Patterned Storage Ware (Honeycomb Ware) and New Evidence from Upper Mesopotamia (Türkiye) on the Distribution and Dating

Öz

Honeycomb-Patterned Storage Ware (Honeycomb Ware) has been studied since the 1960s and has been found throughout Mesopotamia, western Iran, the eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula along the southern Persian Gulf, and more recently in northeastern Syria. These ceramics are generally considered to be pithos or amphora-like vessels, primarily intended for storage. However, given the wall thickness and rim diameter, the possibility that they could represent other types of pottery is also discussed in this paper. This article also reports the discovery of these ceramics in southeastern Türkiye. This study suggests that Honeycomb Ware can be classified into two main types, each of which may be further subdivided into distinct subtypes. These sherds are typically decorated with honeycomb patterns, vertical channels, and horizontally oriented oval or arc-shaped motifs. The decoration technique primarily involves fingerprinting on the vessel body while the clay is still wet. Additionally, some specimens exhibit other decorative elements such as wave patterns, vertical or horizontal incised grooves, and tool-applied notches on the rim, neck, or body of the vessels. Although precise production data are lacking, a Mesopotamian origin for these wares is plausible, or at least production in Mesopotamia and its adjacent regions can be inferred. These ceramics are dated to as early as the 5th or 6th centuries, with their primary production occurring during the 7th and 8th centuries, and possibly continuing until the 9th or 10th centuries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Honeycomb Ware
• Late Sasanian-Early Islamic Period
• Mesopotamia
• Syria
• Iran
• Arabia.

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37. İnternet Kaynakları
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