Duygu Odaklı Terapinin Türk Kültüründe Uygulanabilirliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Duygu Odaklı Terapi duyguların psikolojik danışma sürecindeki önemine vurgu yapan post-modern bir yaklaşımdır. Özellikle klasik psikolojik danışma yaklaşımlarının sahip olduğu düşünceleri ve davranışları düzenleyerek duyguları kontrol altına almayı hedefleyen bakış açısından ziyade duyguları değişim ve dönüşüm için merkeze alan bir bakış açısı bulunmaktadır. 1980’li yıllarda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde çalışmalarını sürdüren Leslie Greenberg ve Susan Johnson tarafından geliştirilen Duygu Odaklı Terapi ilk zamanlarda çift terapilerinde kullanılırken ilerleyen zamanlarda aile terapilerinde ve bireysel terapilerde de kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Ancak günümüzde Batılı psikolojik danışma yaklaşımlarının gelişmiş oldukları kültüre ait izler taşıdığına ve bu durumun o kültüre mensup insanlara ayrıcalık sağladığına yönelik tartışmalar hız kazanmıştır. Bu tartışmaların sonucunda da psikolojik danışma yaklaşımlarının farklı kültürler üzerinde ne kadar etkili olacağına ilişkin çalışmalar yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Duygu Odaklı Terapinin Türk kültüründe uygulanabilirliğinin Türk kültür penceresinden değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda Duygu Odaklı Terapinin temel felsefesi, insan doğasına bakış açısı ve kullanılan temel kavramları ele alınmıştır. Değerlendirmeler sonucu Duygu Odaklı Terapinin temel felsefesinin ve insan doğasına bakış açısının Türk kültüne uygunluğuna yönelik çeşitli eleştirilerde bulunulmuştur. Ayrıca duygu şemaları, duygusal farkındalık, duyguların sınıflandırılması, duygu koçluğu, vaka formülasyonu, empatik tepkiler, metafor kullanımı ve bitirilmemiş işler kavramlarının Türk toplumu gibi çok kültürlü bir popülasyonda danışanların kültürel özelliklerine dikkat edilerek kullanımının uygun olabileceği ifade edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çok kültürlülük
• Duygu Odaklı Terapi
• Kültür
• Postmodernizm
• Psikolojik Danışma

Evaluation of Applicability of Emotion-Focused Therapy in Turkish Culture

Abstract

Emotion-focused Therapy is a post-modern approach that emphasizes the importance of emotions in the counseling process. There is a perspective that centers emotions on change and transformation, rather than the perspective that aims to control emotions by regulating the thoughts and behaviors of classical psychological counseling approaches. Emotion-focused Therapy, which was developed by Leslie Greenberg and Susan Johnson, who continued their work in the United States in the 1980s, was used in a couple of therapies at first, but later it started to be used in family therapies and individual therapies. However, today, discussions have accelerated that Western counseling approaches have traces of the culture in which they were developed and that this situation provides privileges to people belonging to that culture. As a result of these discussions, studies have started to be conducted on how effective psychological counseling approaches will be in different cultures. In this direction, it is aimed to evaluate the applicability of Emotion-focused Therapy from the perspective of Turkish culture. In this context, the basic philosophy of Emotion-focused Therapy, its perspective on human nature, and the basic concepts used are discussed. As a result of the evaluations, various criticisms were made about the compatibility of the basic philosophy of Emotion-focused Therapy and its perspective on human nature with the Turkish culture. In addition, it has been stated that the concepts of emotion schemes, emotional awareness, emotions assessment, emotion coaching, case formulation, empathetic responses, metaphors, and unfinished business may be appropriate in a multicultural population such as Turkish society, by paying attention to the cultural characteristics of the clients.

Keywords

• : Multiculturalism
• Emotion-focused Therapy
• Culture
• Postmodernism
• Psychological Counseling

Kaynakça

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