Girişimciler için Alternatif bir Finansman Yöntemi: Kitlesel Fonlama Crowdfunding

Öz

Yeni doğan ve genç işletmelerin karşılaştığı zorlukların başında yaşamalarını sağlayacak finansman kaynağını yaratmak gelmektedir. Girişimcinin kendisi, ailesi, arkadaşları, melek yatırımcılar ve girişim sermayesi gibi geleneksel finansman kaynaklarına, internet ve sosyal medya kullanımının artışıyla birlikte alternatif bir finansman kaynağı olarak kitlesel fonlama eklenmiştir. Girişimcinin sunduğu iş fikrinin Internet üzerinden açık çağrıyla çok sayıda yatırımcıdan küçük miktarlarda toplanan fonlarla finanse edilmesini sağlayan kitlesel fonlama, kitlelerin gücünü yansıtan bir sermaye yaratma mekanizmasıdır. Kitlesel fonlama, gerek uluslararası gerekse ulusal literatürde henüz yeni tartışılan bir konu olduğu için kitlesel fonlama kararına temel oluşturacak bilimsel bilgi birikimi eksiktir. Bu çalışmada konuya ilişkin mevcut literatür incelenmiş olup, temel bilgi birikiminin oluşturulmasına çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Girişimcilik, girişimcilik finansmanı, kitlesel fonlama, melek yatırımcı, girişim sermayesi.

An Alternative Finance Method for Entrepreneurs: Crowdfunding

Öz

The most important challenge faced by the startups or young enterprises is to create the source of finance, which will give them the means to survive. In addition to traditional sources of finance such as the entrepreneurs themselves, their families, friends, business angels and venture capital, crowdfunding has been added as an alternative source of finance with the increase in the use of the internet and social media. Crowdfunding, which ensures that the business idea offered by the entrepreneur is financed by the funds collected at small amounts from many investors by means of an open call made on the internet, is a capital creation mechanism that reflects the power of the crowds. The scientific knowledge accumulation to constitute the basis for crowdfunding decisions is lacking, as crowdfunding is just a recently debated subject both in the international and national body of literature. In this study, the current body of literature on crowdfunding is examined and it was endeavoured to create the basic knowledge accumulation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial finance, crowdfunding, business angel, venture capital.

Kaynakça

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