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Yenilenebilen ve Yenilenemeyen Enerjinin İktisadi Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi: 28 OECD Ülkesi Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 1 - 12, 01.04.2017
https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.298715

Öz

Bu çalışma yenilenebilir ve yenilenemeyen enerji tüketi-mi ile iktisadi büyüme ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla 1990-2013 dönemi yıllık verileri ile 28 OECD ülkesi üzerine ampirik bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Uygulamada, Johansen Fisher ve Pedroni eş bütünleşme ve Granger nedensellik testleri kullanılmıştır. Pedroni FMOLS yön-temi ile değişkenler arasında tespit edilen uzun dönem eş bütünleşme ilişkisinin katsayıları araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulardan, değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir eş bütünleşmenin olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. FMOLS testi ile uzun dönemli katsayıları elde edilen OECD ülkelerinden bazılarının yenilenemeyen enerjiden olumsuz etkilendikleri görülmüştür. Yine bu iki testten elde edilen ülke katsayılarına göre yenilenebilir enerji kullanımının, 28 OECD ülkesinin tamamının iktisadi büyümesine katkı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir.  

Kaynakça

  • ACARAVCI, A. and İ. ÖZTÜRK, (2010), “On the relationship between energy consumption, CO2 emissions and econo-mic growth in Europe. Energy” , 35(12): 5412-5420.
  • APERGIS, N. and J. E. PAYNE (2009a), “Energy consumption and economic growth in Central America: evidence from a panel cointegration and error correction model”, Energy Economics, No: 31, pp. 211–216.
  • APERGIS, N. and J. E. PAYNE (2009b), “CO2 emissions, energy usage, and output in Central America”, Energy Policy, Vol. 37, No:8, pp. 3282–3286.
  • APERGIS, N. and J. E. PAYNE (2011), “The renewable energy consumption-growth nexus in Central America”, Applied Energy, Vol. 88, No: 1, pp. 343-347.
  • APERGIS, N. and D.C. DANULETIU (2014), “Renewable energy and economic growth: evidence from the sign of panel long-run causality”, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Vol.4, No: 4, pp. 578-587.
  • ASTERIOU, D. and S. G. HALL, (2007), Applied econometrics: A modern approach using eviews and microfit revised edition, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
  • NAZLIOĞLU, Ş. (2010), “Makro İktisat Politikalarının Tarım Sektörü Üzerindeki Etkileri: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler İçin Bir Karşılaştırma”, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, T.C. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kayseri.
  • GHALİ, K. H. and EL-SAKKA, M.I.T. (2004), “Energy Use and Output Growth in Canada: A Multivariate Cointegration Analysis”, Energy Economics, 24, 355- 365.
  • GRANGER, C.W.J. (1969), “Investigating causal relations by econometric models and cross-spectral methods”, Eco-nometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, Vol. 37, No: 3, pp. 424-438.
  • HAMİLTON, J. D. (1983), “Oil and the Macroeconomy Since World War II’’, Journal of Political Economy, 91, 228-248.
  • IM, K. S., M. H. PESARAN and Y. SHIN (2003), “Testing for Unit Roots in Heterogeneous Panels”, Journal Of Econo-metrics, No: 115, pp. 53-74.
  • JOHANSEN, S. (1988), “Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control” , vol. 12, No. 2/3, pp. 231-254.
  • KÖK, R. ve N. ŞİMŞEK (2006), “Endüstri-içi Dış Ticaret, Patentler ve Uluslararası Teknolojik Yayılma”, UEK-TEK 2006 Uluslararası Ekonomi Konferansı, Türkiye Ekonomi Kurumu, 11–13 Eylül, Ankara.
  • KÖK, R., M. S. İSPİR ve A. A. ARI (2010), “Zengin Ülkelerden Azgelişmiş Ülkelere Kaynak Aktarma Mekanizmasının Gerekliliği ve Evrensel Bölüşüm Parametresi Üzerine Bir Deneme’’, http://kisi.deu.edu.tr/ re-cep.kok/Zengin_ispir.pdf, (10.04.2015).
  • KRAFT, J. ve A. KRAFT (1978), “Relationship Between Energy and GNP”, Journal of Energy and Development, No:3, pp. 401- 403.
  • LEE, C.C (2006) “The causality relationship between energy consumption and GDP in G-11 countries revisite”, Energy Policy, No:34, pp. 1086–1093.
  • LEE, C. C. and C. P. CHANG (2008), “Energy consumption and economic growth in Asian economies: a more compre-hensive analysis using panel data”, Resource and Energy Economics, Vol. 30, No:1, pp. 50–65.
  • MACKINNON, J. G., HAUG A. A. ve MICHELIS, L. (1999), “Numerical distribution functions of likelihood ratio tests for cointegration”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, (14), 563-577
  • MADDALA, G. S. and S., WU (1999), “A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simle test”, Oxford Bulletion of Economics and Statictics, No: 61, pp. 631-652.
  • MAGNANI, N. and A. VAONA (2013), “Regional spillover effects of renewable energy generation in Italy”, Energy Policy, No: 56, pp. 663-671.
  • MEHRARA, M. (2007) “Energy consumption and economic growth: the case of oil exporting countries”, Energy Policy, Vol. 35, No:5, pp. 2939–2945.
  • NARAYAN, P. K. and R. SMYT (2008), “Energy consumption and real GDP in G7 countries: new evidence from panel cointegration with structural breaks”, Energy Economics, No: 30, pp. 2331-2341.
  • PAYNE, J. E. (2011), “On biomass energy consumption and real output in the US”, Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, Vol. 6, No: 1, pp. 47-52.
  • PEDRONI, P. (1999), “Critical Values for Cointegration Tests in Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Regressors”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 61, No: 4, pp. 653-670.
  • PEDRONI, P. (2000), “Fully-Modified OLS for Heterogeneous Cointegrated Panels”, Advances in Econometrics, No: 15, pp. 93-130.
  • PEDRONI, P. (2001), “Purchasingpowerparitytests in cointegratedpanels”, Review of Economics and Statistics, No: 83, pp. 727-731.
  • PESARAN, M.H. (2007), “A Simple Panel Unit Root Test in the Presence of Cross-Section Dependence”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22, 265–312.
  • ROMANO, A. A. and G. SCANDURRA, (2013), “Energy Consumption–Gross Domestic Product Causal Relationship in the Italian Regions”, Classification and Data Mining, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 279-286.
  • STERN, D. I. and C. J. CLEVELAND (2004), “Energy and Economic Growth”, Rensselear Working Papers in Economics, No: 0410, pp. 1-41.
  • WOLDE-RUFAEL, Y. (2005) “Energy demand and economic growth: the African experience”, Journal of Policy Mode-ling, Vol. 27, No: 8, pp. 891–903.
  • http://www.worldbank.org/, (01.02.2015).
  • http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy.html, (05.05.2015).

Influence of Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy on Economic Growth: An Empirical Study on 28 OECD Countries

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 1 - 12, 01.04.2017
https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.298715

Öz

This study investigates the relationship between eco-nomic growth and renewable and non-renewable energy consumption. An empirical study has been carried out for 28 OECD countries by using annual data between 1990-2013. We used Pedroni and Fisher-Johansen co-integration and Granger causality tests. We also em-ployed Pedroni FMOLS method to investigate coeffi-cients of previously identified long term co-integration relationship. According to the results, we found long term co-integration relationship among the variables. From FMOLS test results, it is found that some OECD countries negatively affected from nonrenewable energy consumption. It is also ascertained from FMOLS results that, renewable energy consumption contributes to economic growth of 28 OECD countries. 

Kaynakça

  • ACARAVCI, A. and İ. ÖZTÜRK, (2010), “On the relationship between energy consumption, CO2 emissions and econo-mic growth in Europe. Energy” , 35(12): 5412-5420.
  • APERGIS, N. and J. E. PAYNE (2009a), “Energy consumption and economic growth in Central America: evidence from a panel cointegration and error correction model”, Energy Economics, No: 31, pp. 211–216.
  • APERGIS, N. and J. E. PAYNE (2009b), “CO2 emissions, energy usage, and output in Central America”, Energy Policy, Vol. 37, No:8, pp. 3282–3286.
  • APERGIS, N. and J. E. PAYNE (2011), “The renewable energy consumption-growth nexus in Central America”, Applied Energy, Vol. 88, No: 1, pp. 343-347.
  • APERGIS, N. and D.C. DANULETIU (2014), “Renewable energy and economic growth: evidence from the sign of panel long-run causality”, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Vol.4, No: 4, pp. 578-587.
  • ASTERIOU, D. and S. G. HALL, (2007), Applied econometrics: A modern approach using eviews and microfit revised edition, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
  • NAZLIOĞLU, Ş. (2010), “Makro İktisat Politikalarının Tarım Sektörü Üzerindeki Etkileri: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler İçin Bir Karşılaştırma”, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, T.C. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kayseri.
  • GHALİ, K. H. and EL-SAKKA, M.I.T. (2004), “Energy Use and Output Growth in Canada: A Multivariate Cointegration Analysis”, Energy Economics, 24, 355- 365.
  • GRANGER, C.W.J. (1969), “Investigating causal relations by econometric models and cross-spectral methods”, Eco-nometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, Vol. 37, No: 3, pp. 424-438.
  • HAMİLTON, J. D. (1983), “Oil and the Macroeconomy Since World War II’’, Journal of Political Economy, 91, 228-248.
  • IM, K. S., M. H. PESARAN and Y. SHIN (2003), “Testing for Unit Roots in Heterogeneous Panels”, Journal Of Econo-metrics, No: 115, pp. 53-74.
  • JOHANSEN, S. (1988), “Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control” , vol. 12, No. 2/3, pp. 231-254.
  • KÖK, R. ve N. ŞİMŞEK (2006), “Endüstri-içi Dış Ticaret, Patentler ve Uluslararası Teknolojik Yayılma”, UEK-TEK 2006 Uluslararası Ekonomi Konferansı, Türkiye Ekonomi Kurumu, 11–13 Eylül, Ankara.
  • KÖK, R., M. S. İSPİR ve A. A. ARI (2010), “Zengin Ülkelerden Azgelişmiş Ülkelere Kaynak Aktarma Mekanizmasının Gerekliliği ve Evrensel Bölüşüm Parametresi Üzerine Bir Deneme’’, http://kisi.deu.edu.tr/ re-cep.kok/Zengin_ispir.pdf, (10.04.2015).
  • KRAFT, J. ve A. KRAFT (1978), “Relationship Between Energy and GNP”, Journal of Energy and Development, No:3, pp. 401- 403.
  • LEE, C.C (2006) “The causality relationship between energy consumption and GDP in G-11 countries revisite”, Energy Policy, No:34, pp. 1086–1093.
  • LEE, C. C. and C. P. CHANG (2008), “Energy consumption and economic growth in Asian economies: a more compre-hensive analysis using panel data”, Resource and Energy Economics, Vol. 30, No:1, pp. 50–65.
  • MACKINNON, J. G., HAUG A. A. ve MICHELIS, L. (1999), “Numerical distribution functions of likelihood ratio tests for cointegration”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, (14), 563-577
  • MADDALA, G. S. and S., WU (1999), “A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simle test”, Oxford Bulletion of Economics and Statictics, No: 61, pp. 631-652.
  • MAGNANI, N. and A. VAONA (2013), “Regional spillover effects of renewable energy generation in Italy”, Energy Policy, No: 56, pp. 663-671.
  • MEHRARA, M. (2007) “Energy consumption and economic growth: the case of oil exporting countries”, Energy Policy, Vol. 35, No:5, pp. 2939–2945.
  • NARAYAN, P. K. and R. SMYT (2008), “Energy consumption and real GDP in G7 countries: new evidence from panel cointegration with structural breaks”, Energy Economics, No: 30, pp. 2331-2341.
  • PAYNE, J. E. (2011), “On biomass energy consumption and real output in the US”, Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, Vol. 6, No: 1, pp. 47-52.
  • PEDRONI, P. (1999), “Critical Values for Cointegration Tests in Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Regressors”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 61, No: 4, pp. 653-670.
  • PEDRONI, P. (2000), “Fully-Modified OLS for Heterogeneous Cointegrated Panels”, Advances in Econometrics, No: 15, pp. 93-130.
  • PEDRONI, P. (2001), “Purchasingpowerparitytests in cointegratedpanels”, Review of Economics and Statistics, No: 83, pp. 727-731.
  • PESARAN, M.H. (2007), “A Simple Panel Unit Root Test in the Presence of Cross-Section Dependence”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22, 265–312.
  • ROMANO, A. A. and G. SCANDURRA, (2013), “Energy Consumption–Gross Domestic Product Causal Relationship in the Italian Regions”, Classification and Data Mining, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 279-286.
  • STERN, D. I. and C. J. CLEVELAND (2004), “Energy and Economic Growth”, Rensselear Working Papers in Economics, No: 0410, pp. 1-41.
  • WOLDE-RUFAEL, Y. (2005) “Energy demand and economic growth: the African experience”, Journal of Policy Mode-ling, Vol. 27, No: 8, pp. 891–903.
  • http://www.worldbank.org/, (01.02.2015).
  • http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy.html, (05.05.2015).
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ramazan Kılıç

Volkan Aslan

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Mart 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kılıç, R., & Aslan, V. (2017). Yenilenebilen ve Yenilenemeyen Enerjinin İktisadi Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi: 28 OECD Ülkesi Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.298715

Cited By


GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELERDEKİ YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİNİN GELECEĞİ
Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.56574/nohusosbil.1342962