Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Taşımacılık, İnşaat, Seyahat ve Finansal Hizmetler Sektörü İhracatının Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkisi: Türkiye Örneği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 187 - 209, 01.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.1238128

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye ekonomisinde hizmet sektörü ihracatının (alt sektörler itibariyle) ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini incelemek ve mal ihracatının etkileriyle karşılaştırmaktır. 1992-2020 dönemi için ARDL Modelleri kullanılarak analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz bulguları kısa dönemde taşımacılık, seyahat ve finansal hizmetler ihracatının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde pozitif etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. İnşaat hizmetleri ihracatının kısa dönemde ekonomik büyüme üzerinde anlamlı etkisi yoktur. Uzun dönemli sonuçlar hizmet alt sektörlerindeki ihracatın ekonomik büyüme üzerinde etkisi olmadığını açığa çıkarmıştır. Mal ihracatının, ekonomik büyüme üzerinde hem kısa hem de uzun dönemde pozitif etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Türkiye ekonomisinde İhracata Dayalı Büyüme Hipotezi uzun dönemde yalnızca mal ihracatı üzerinden değerlendirilebilmektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Destekleyen kurum yoktur.

Proje Numarası

Proje numarası yoktur.

Teşekkür

Teşekkür açıklaması yoktur.

Kaynakça

  • Abbas, S. (2012), “Causality between Exports and Economic Growth: Investigating Suitable Trade Policy for Pakistan”, Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 10: 91-98.
  • Adeve, K. A. (2016), “Theoretical and Empirical Analysis on the Contribution of Goods and Services Exports in Economic Growth in Togo from 1970-2010”, Global Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, No. 4: 27-40.
  • Ahmad, S. A.; Kaliappan, S. R.; Ismail, N. W. (2017), “Determinants of Service Export in Selected Developing Asian Countries”, International Journal of Business and Society, Vol. 18, No. 1: 113-132.
  • Aigheyisi, O. (2020), “Does the Export-Led Growth (ELG) Hypothesis Hold for Services Exports in Nigeria?”, West African Financial and Economic Review, Vol. 20, No. 12: 25-60.
  • Akbar, M.; Naqvi; Z. F.; Din, M. (2000), “Export Diversification and the Structural Dynamics in the Growth Process: The Case of Pakistan [with comments]”, The Pakistan Development Review,Vol. 39, No. 4: 573–589.
  • Alagidede, P.; Mensah, J. O. (2018), “Construction Institutions and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa”, African Review of Economics and Finance, Vol. 10, No. 1:136-163.
  • Alege, P. O.; Ogundipe, A. (2015), “The Role of Services Trade in Economic Development”, British Journal of Economics, Management & Trade, Vol. 5, No. 3: 350-365.
  • Anaman, K. A.; Osei‐Amponsah, C. (2007), “Analysis of the Causality Links between the Growth of the Construction Industry and the Growth of the Macro‐Economy in Ghana”, Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 25, No.9: 951-961.
  • Arrow, K. J. (1962), “The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing”, Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 29:155-173.
  • Arslanturk, Y.; Balcilar, M.; Ozdemir, Z. A. (2011), “Time-Varying Linkages between Tourism Receipts and Economic Growth in a Small Open Economy”, Economic Modelling, Vol. 28, No. 1-2: 664-671.
  • Awokuse, T.O. (2005), “Exports, Economic Growth and Causality in Korea”, Applied Economics Letters, Vol. 12, No. 11: 693-696.
  • Bacovic, M.; Jacimovic, D.; Cerovic Smolovic, J. (2020), “Impact of Export of Travel Services on Current Account Balance and Growth in Mediterranean Countries”, Prague Economic Papers, Vol. 29, No.6: 710-728.
  • Baharumshah, A.Z.; Rashid, S. (1999), “Exports, Imports and Economic Growth in Malaysia: Empirical Evidence Based on Multivariate Time Series”, Asian Economic Journal, Vol. 13, No. 4: 389-406.
  • Balassa, B. (1978), “Exports and Economic Growth: Further Evidence”, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 5, No. 2: 181-189.
  • Beckerman, W. (1965), Demand, Exports and Growth, in The Britain Economy in 1975, (Eds) W. Beckerman and Associates, The National Institute of Economic and Social Research, Series 23, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 44-72.
  • Berk, N.; Biçen, S. (2017), “Causality between the Construction Sector and GDP Growth in Emerging Countries: The Case of Turkey”, Athens Journal of Mediterranean Studies, Vol. 4, No. 1:19-36.
  • Bölük, G.; Mert, M. (2015), “The Renewable Energy, Growth and Environmental Kuznets Curve in Turkey: An ARDL Approach”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 52, 587-595.
  • Briggs, K.; Sheehan, K. M. (2019), “Service Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth”, Journal of Developing Areas,Vol. 53, No.4: 101-115.
  • Choong, C. K.; Yusop, Z.; Liew, V. K. S. (2005), “Export-Led Growth Hypothesis in Malaysia: An Investigation Using Bounds Test”, Sunway Academic Journal, Vol. 2: 13-22.
  • Chow, P.C.Y. (1987), “Causality Between Exports Growth and Industrial Development: Empirical Evidence from the NICs”, Journal of Development Economics,Vol. 26, No.1: 55-63.
  • Çakmak, E.; Bozkurt, E.; Aksu, H.; Emsen, Ö. (2011), “Türkiye'de Hizmet Ticareti ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi”, Sosyoekonomi, C. 16, S. 16.
  • Çeştepe, H.; Vergil, H.; Ergun, H. (2012), “Hizmet Ticaretinin Büyümeye Etkisi: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler Üzerine Bir Panel Veri Analizi”, Business and Economics Research Journal, C. 3, S. 4: 91-105.
  • Çınar, M. C. (2018), Türk İnşaat Sektörü ve Türk İnşaat Sektörünün Ülke Ekonomisine Etkileri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Nevşehir.
  • Çoban, O; Özcan, C. C. (2013), “Türkiye’de Turizm Gelirleri-Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Nedensellik Analizi (1963-2010)”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, C. 8, S. 1: 243-261.
  • Dar, A. B.; Bhanja, N.; Samantaraya, A.; Tiwari, A. K. (2013), “Export Led Growth or Growth Led Export Hypothesis in India: Evidence Based on Time-Frequency Approach”, Asian Economic and Financial Review, Vol. 3, 869–880.
  • Dash, R.K. (2009), “Revisited Export-Led Growth Hypothesis: An Empirical Study on India”, South Asia Economic Journal ,Vol. 10, 2305-2324.
  • Dickey, D. A.; Fuller, W. A. (1981), “Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root”, Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1057-1072.
  • Dinç, D.T.; Gökmen, A. (2019), “Export-Led Economic Growth and the Case of Brazil: An Empirical Research”, Journal of Transnational Management, Vol. 24, No. 2: 122-141.
  • Dixit, V.; Parveen, S. (2020), “Revisiting the Export-Growth Nexus for India: An Empirical Exercise”, International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies, Vol. 13, No.5: 526-554.
  • Dollar, D. (1992), “Outward-Oriented Developing Economies Really Do Grow More Rapidly: Evidence from 95 LDCs, 1976-1985”, Economic Development and Cultural Change,Vol. 40, No.3: 523–544.
  • Dreger, C.; Herzer, D. (2013), “A Further Examination of the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis”, Empirical Economics, Vol. 45, No. 1: 39-60.
  • Ee, C. Y. (2016), “Export-Led Growth Hypothesis: Empirical Evidence from Selected Sub-Saharan African Countries”, Procedia Economics and Finance, Vol. 35: 232-240.
  • El Khoury, A. C.; Savvides, A. (2006), “Openness in Services Trade and Economic Growth”, Economics Letters, Vol. 92, No.2: 277-283.
  • Emery, R.F. (1967), “The Relation of Exports and Growth”, Kyklos, Vol. 20, No.4: 470-486.
  • Engle R.; Granger C. (1987), “Cointegration and Error Correction Representation: Estimation and Testing”, Econometrica, Vol. 55: 251–276.
  • Francois, J.F.; Schuknecht, L. (2000), International Trade in Financial Services, Competition, and Growth Performance, Centre for International Economics Studies, Working Paper No. 6.
  • Gabriele, A. (2006), “Exports of Services, Exports of Goods, and Economic Growth in Developing Countries”, Journal of Economic Integration, 294-317.
  • Grossman G.M.; Helpman E. (1991), Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy, England, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  • Günsoy, G., & Erdinç, Z. (Eds.) (2013), İktisadi Büyüme, Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • Haberlar, G. (1959), International Trade and Economic Development, National Bank of Egypt, Fiftieth Anniversary Commemoration Lectures, Cairo.
  • Hakim, M. M.; Merkert, R. (2016), “The Causal Relationship between Air Transport and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from South Asia”, Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 56: 120-127.
  • Haring, J. E.; Humphrey, J. F. (1964), “Simple Models Of Trade Expansion”, Economic Inquiry, Vol. 2, No.2: 173–174.
  • Heckscher, E.F.; Ohlin, B. (1991), Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Theory. Translated edited, and introduced Harry Flam and M. June Flanders. MIT Press, Cambridge.
  • Helpman E.; Krugman P. (1985), Market Structure and Foreign Trade, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
  • Herrerias, M. J.; Orts, V. (2010), “Is the Export‐Led Growth Hypothesis Enough to Account for China's Growth?”, China & World Economy, Vol. 18, No.4: 34-51.
  • Hicks, J. R. (1963), The Theory of Wages, 2nd edition, London, Macmillan and Co.
  • Işık, E. (2009), Türkiye'de Lojistik Hizmetlerinin Gelişiminin İhracat Odaklı Büyümeye Etkileri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Aydın.
  • İnançlı, S.; Torusdağ, M. (2022), “Uluslararası Hizmet Ticaretinin Cari Denge ve Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerine Etkileri: Türkiye Örneği”, Journal of Original Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1: 31-42.
  • İşleyen, Ş.; Altun, Y.; Görür, Ç. (2018), “Hizmet İhracatı ve Turizm Harcamalarının Ekonomik Büyümeye Katkısı Üzerine Ampirik Bir Analiz: 1996-2017 Türkiye Örneği”, Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, C. 6, S. 6: 953-960.
  • Johansen, S. (1988), “Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors”, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Vol. 12, No. 2-3: 231-254.
  • Johansen, S. (1996), Likelihood-Based Inference in Cointegrated Vector Auto-regressive Models. 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Johansen, S.; Juselius, K. (1990), “Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration with Appucations to the Demand for Money”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 52, No.2: 169-210.
  • Kalaitzi, A.S.; Chamberlain, T.W. (2020), “Merchandise Exports and Economic Growth: Multivariate Time Series Analysis for the United Arab Emirates”, Journal of Applied Economics, Vol. 23, No. 1: 163-182.
  • Kaldor, N. (1957), “A Model of Economic Growth”, The Economic Journal, Vol. 67, No. 268: 591-624.
  • Kaliappan, S. R.; Ahmad, S. A.; Ismail, N. W. (2017), “Service Export and Economic Growth in the Selected Developing Asian Countries”, International Journal of Economics & Management, Vol. 11, No.2.
  • Kar, M.; Pentecost, E. J. (2000), Financial Development and Economic Growth in Turkey: Further Evidence on the Causality Issue. Economic Research Paper No: 00/27, Department of Economics, Loughborough University.
  • Karam, F.; Zaki, C. (2015), “Trade Volume and Economic Growth in the MENA Region: Goods or Services?”, Economic Modelling, Vol. 45: 22-37.
  • Katircioglu, S. T. (2009), “Revisiting the Tourism-Led-Growth Hypothesis for Turkey Using the Bounds Test and Johansen Approach for Cointegration”, Tourism Management, Vol. 30, No. 1: 17-20.
  • Kızılkaya, O.; Sofuoğlu, E; Karaçor, Z. (2016), “Türkiye’de Turizm Gelirleri-Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: ARDL Sınır Testi Yaklaşım”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, C.23, S.1: 203-215.
  • Kollie, G. B. (2020), “Export-Led Growth Hypothesis in ECOWAS: A Panel Data Analysis”, African Journal of Economic Review, Vol. 8, No. 2: 258-275.
  • Kravis, I. B. (1970), “Trade as a Handmaiden of Growth: Similarities between the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries”, The Economic Journal, Vol. 80, No. 320: 850-872.
  • Krueger, A. O. (1978), Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: Liberalization Attempts and Consequences. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
  • Krugman, P. R. (1994), Rethinking International Trade, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
  • Lee, J., M.C. Strazicich (2003), “Minimum Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Test With Two Structural Breaks”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 85, No. 4: 1082-1089.
  • Lee, J.; M.C. Strazicich (2004), Minimum LM Unit Root Test with One Structural Break, Appalachian State University Working Papers, 04-17, 1-15.
  • Lorde, T.; Francis, B.; Drakes, L. (2011), “Tourism Services Exports and Economic Growth in Barbados”, The International Trade Journal, Vol. 25, No.2: 205-232.
  • Lucas, R. (1988), “On the Mechanics of Economic Development”, Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 22:3-42.
  • Mattoo, A.; Rathindran, R.; Subramanian, A. (2001), Measuring Services Trade Liberalization and Its Impact on Economic Growth: An Illustration. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper no. 2655, World Bank, Washington.
  • Michail, N.; Melas, K. D.; Batzilis, D. (2021), “Container Shipping Trade and Real GDP Growth: A Panel Vector Autoregressive Approach”, Economics Bulletin, Vol. 41, No. 2.
  • Mishra, S.; Gable, S. L.; Anand, R. (2011), Service Export Sophsitication and Economic Growth, World Bank Policy Working Paper no. 5606, The World Bank, Washington.
  • Narayan, P. K. (2005), “The Saving and Investment nexus for China: Evidence from Cointegration Tests”, Applied Economics, Vol. 37, No. 17: 1979-1990.
  • Narayan, P. K.; Narayan, S.; Prasad, A.; Prasad, B. C. (2010), “Tourism and Economic Growth: A Panel Data Analysis for Pacific Island Countries”, Tourism Economics, Vol. 16, No. 1: 169-183.
  • Onose, O. L.; Aras, O. N. (2021), “Does the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis Hold for Services Exports in Emerging Economies?”, Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics, Vol. 14, No. 27: 63-75.
  • Parida P.C.; Sahoo P. (2007), “Export-Led Growth in South Asia: A Panel Cointegration Analysis”, International Economic Journal, Vol. 21, No. 2: 155-175.
  • Park, J. S.; Seo, Y. J.; Ha, M. H. (2019), “The Role of Maritime, Land, and Air Transportation in Economic Growth: Panel Evidence from OECD and non-OECD Countries”, Research in Transportation Economics, 78, 100765.
  • Perron, P. (1989), “The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock, and the Unit Root Hypothesis”, Econometrica, Vol. 57: 1361-1401.
  • Pesaran, M. H.; Shin, Y.; Smith, R. J. (2001), “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol. 16, No. 3: 289-326.
  • Phillips, P. C.; Hansen, B. E. (1990), “Statistical Inference in Instrumental Variables Regression with I (1) Processes”, The Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 57, No. 1: 99-125.
  • Phillips, P. C.; Perron, P. (1988), “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, Vol. 75, No. 2: 335-346.
  • Popovici, O.C.; Călin, A.C. (2016), “Economic Growth, Foreign Investments and Exports in Romania: A VECM Analysis, The Romanian Economic Journal, Vol. 61: 95-122.
  • Priyankara, E. A. C. (2018), “Services Exports and Economic Growth in Sri Lanka: Does the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis Hold for Services Exports?”, Journal of Service Science and Management, Vol. 11, No. 04: 479.
  • Ricardo, D. (1817), The Works and Correspondence of David Ricardo, Vol. 1: Principles of political economy and taxation. USA: Online Library of Liberty.
  • Romer, P. M. (1986). “Increasing Returns and Long-run Growth”, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 94, No. 5: 1002-1037.
  • Romer, P. M. (1990). “Endogenous Technological Change", The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 98, No. 5: 71- 101. Saad, W. (2012), “Causality between Economic Growth, Export, and External Debt Servicing: The Case of Lebanon”, International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 4, No. 11: 134-143.
  • Saleem, A.; Sial, M. H.; Cheema, A. R. (2022), “Does an Asymmetric Nexus Exist between Exports and Economic Growth in Pakistan? Recent Evidence from A Nonlinear ARDL Approach”, Economic Change and Restructuring, 1-30.
  • Sermcheep, S. (2019), “Services Export and Economic Growth in ASEAN Countries”, Journal of Asian Economic Integration, Vol. 1, No. 2: 163-182.
  • Shan, J.; Sun, F. (1998), “On the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis: The Econometric Evidence from China”, Applied Economics, Vol. 30, No. 8: 1055-1065.
  • Shieh, C. H. (2020), “Services Export and Economic Growth: A Panel Cointegration Approach”, International Journal of Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 2: 66-82.
  • Smith, A. (1776). The Wealth of Nations. New York, NY: The Modern Library.
  • Tang, C. F.; Abosedra, S. (2019), “Logistics Performance, Exports, and Growth: Evidence from Asian Economies. Research in Transportation Economics, Vol. 78, 100743.
  • Tang, T. C. (2006), “New Evidence on Export Expansion, Economic Growth and Causality in China”, Applied Economics Letters, Vol. 13, No. 12: 801-803.
  • Usta, G.; Sarı, A. (2021), “Denizyolu Ticareti, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Dış Ticaret Haddi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Türkiye için ARDL Yaklaşımı”, Nazilli İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 2, S. 31: 31-44.
  • Vernon, R. (1966), “International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle”. he Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 80, No. 2: 190-207.
  • Yamak, R.; Erdem, H. F. (2017), Uygulamalı Zaman Serisi Analizleri, 1. Baskı, Trabzon: Celepler Matbaacılık.
  • Zivot, E.; Andrews D.W.K. (1992), “Further Evidence on the Great Crash, The Oil Price Shock and Unit Root Hypothesis”, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, Vol. 10, No.3: 251-270.
  • https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS (Erişim:03.03.2022)
  • https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD (Erişim:03.03.2022)
  • https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.KD (Erişim:03.03.2022)
  • https://evds2.tcmb.gov.tr/index.php?/evds/serieMarket (Erişim:04.03.2022)

The Effect of Transportation, Construction, Travel and Financial Services Exports on Economic Growth: The Case of Türkiye

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 187 - 209, 01.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.1238128

Öz

This study examines the effect of services sector exports (in terms of subsectors) on economic growth in the Turkish economy and compares it with the effects of goods exports. Analyses were conducted using ARDL Models from 1992 to 2020. Analysis findings show that exports of transportation, travel and financial services positively affect economic growth in the short term. Construction services exports do not affect economic growth in the short term. Long-term results show that services subsector exports have no significant effect on economic growth. Goods exports positively affect economic growth in both the short and long term. We can only evaluate the Export-led Growth Hypothesis in the Turkish economy based on exports of goods in the long term.

Proje Numarası

Proje numarası yoktur.

Kaynakça

  • Abbas, S. (2012), “Causality between Exports and Economic Growth: Investigating Suitable Trade Policy for Pakistan”, Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 10: 91-98.
  • Adeve, K. A. (2016), “Theoretical and Empirical Analysis on the Contribution of Goods and Services Exports in Economic Growth in Togo from 1970-2010”, Global Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, No. 4: 27-40.
  • Ahmad, S. A.; Kaliappan, S. R.; Ismail, N. W. (2017), “Determinants of Service Export in Selected Developing Asian Countries”, International Journal of Business and Society, Vol. 18, No. 1: 113-132.
  • Aigheyisi, O. (2020), “Does the Export-Led Growth (ELG) Hypothesis Hold for Services Exports in Nigeria?”, West African Financial and Economic Review, Vol. 20, No. 12: 25-60.
  • Akbar, M.; Naqvi; Z. F.; Din, M. (2000), “Export Diversification and the Structural Dynamics in the Growth Process: The Case of Pakistan [with comments]”, The Pakistan Development Review,Vol. 39, No. 4: 573–589.
  • Alagidede, P.; Mensah, J. O. (2018), “Construction Institutions and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa”, African Review of Economics and Finance, Vol. 10, No. 1:136-163.
  • Alege, P. O.; Ogundipe, A. (2015), “The Role of Services Trade in Economic Development”, British Journal of Economics, Management & Trade, Vol. 5, No. 3: 350-365.
  • Anaman, K. A.; Osei‐Amponsah, C. (2007), “Analysis of the Causality Links between the Growth of the Construction Industry and the Growth of the Macro‐Economy in Ghana”, Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 25, No.9: 951-961.
  • Arrow, K. J. (1962), “The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing”, Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 29:155-173.
  • Arslanturk, Y.; Balcilar, M.; Ozdemir, Z. A. (2011), “Time-Varying Linkages between Tourism Receipts and Economic Growth in a Small Open Economy”, Economic Modelling, Vol. 28, No. 1-2: 664-671.
  • Awokuse, T.O. (2005), “Exports, Economic Growth and Causality in Korea”, Applied Economics Letters, Vol. 12, No. 11: 693-696.
  • Bacovic, M.; Jacimovic, D.; Cerovic Smolovic, J. (2020), “Impact of Export of Travel Services on Current Account Balance and Growth in Mediterranean Countries”, Prague Economic Papers, Vol. 29, No.6: 710-728.
  • Baharumshah, A.Z.; Rashid, S. (1999), “Exports, Imports and Economic Growth in Malaysia: Empirical Evidence Based on Multivariate Time Series”, Asian Economic Journal, Vol. 13, No. 4: 389-406.
  • Balassa, B. (1978), “Exports and Economic Growth: Further Evidence”, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 5, No. 2: 181-189.
  • Beckerman, W. (1965), Demand, Exports and Growth, in The Britain Economy in 1975, (Eds) W. Beckerman and Associates, The National Institute of Economic and Social Research, Series 23, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 44-72.
  • Berk, N.; Biçen, S. (2017), “Causality between the Construction Sector and GDP Growth in Emerging Countries: The Case of Turkey”, Athens Journal of Mediterranean Studies, Vol. 4, No. 1:19-36.
  • Bölük, G.; Mert, M. (2015), “The Renewable Energy, Growth and Environmental Kuznets Curve in Turkey: An ARDL Approach”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 52, 587-595.
  • Briggs, K.; Sheehan, K. M. (2019), “Service Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth”, Journal of Developing Areas,Vol. 53, No.4: 101-115.
  • Choong, C. K.; Yusop, Z.; Liew, V. K. S. (2005), “Export-Led Growth Hypothesis in Malaysia: An Investigation Using Bounds Test”, Sunway Academic Journal, Vol. 2: 13-22.
  • Chow, P.C.Y. (1987), “Causality Between Exports Growth and Industrial Development: Empirical Evidence from the NICs”, Journal of Development Economics,Vol. 26, No.1: 55-63.
  • Çakmak, E.; Bozkurt, E.; Aksu, H.; Emsen, Ö. (2011), “Türkiye'de Hizmet Ticareti ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi”, Sosyoekonomi, C. 16, S. 16.
  • Çeştepe, H.; Vergil, H.; Ergun, H. (2012), “Hizmet Ticaretinin Büyümeye Etkisi: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler Üzerine Bir Panel Veri Analizi”, Business and Economics Research Journal, C. 3, S. 4: 91-105.
  • Çınar, M. C. (2018), Türk İnşaat Sektörü ve Türk İnşaat Sektörünün Ülke Ekonomisine Etkileri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Nevşehir.
  • Çoban, O; Özcan, C. C. (2013), “Türkiye’de Turizm Gelirleri-Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Nedensellik Analizi (1963-2010)”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, C. 8, S. 1: 243-261.
  • Dar, A. B.; Bhanja, N.; Samantaraya, A.; Tiwari, A. K. (2013), “Export Led Growth or Growth Led Export Hypothesis in India: Evidence Based on Time-Frequency Approach”, Asian Economic and Financial Review, Vol. 3, 869–880.
  • Dash, R.K. (2009), “Revisited Export-Led Growth Hypothesis: An Empirical Study on India”, South Asia Economic Journal ,Vol. 10, 2305-2324.
  • Dickey, D. A.; Fuller, W. A. (1981), “Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root”, Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1057-1072.
  • Dinç, D.T.; Gökmen, A. (2019), “Export-Led Economic Growth and the Case of Brazil: An Empirical Research”, Journal of Transnational Management, Vol. 24, No. 2: 122-141.
  • Dixit, V.; Parveen, S. (2020), “Revisiting the Export-Growth Nexus for India: An Empirical Exercise”, International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies, Vol. 13, No.5: 526-554.
  • Dollar, D. (1992), “Outward-Oriented Developing Economies Really Do Grow More Rapidly: Evidence from 95 LDCs, 1976-1985”, Economic Development and Cultural Change,Vol. 40, No.3: 523–544.
  • Dreger, C.; Herzer, D. (2013), “A Further Examination of the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis”, Empirical Economics, Vol. 45, No. 1: 39-60.
  • Ee, C. Y. (2016), “Export-Led Growth Hypothesis: Empirical Evidence from Selected Sub-Saharan African Countries”, Procedia Economics and Finance, Vol. 35: 232-240.
  • El Khoury, A. C.; Savvides, A. (2006), “Openness in Services Trade and Economic Growth”, Economics Letters, Vol. 92, No.2: 277-283.
  • Emery, R.F. (1967), “The Relation of Exports and Growth”, Kyklos, Vol. 20, No.4: 470-486.
  • Engle R.; Granger C. (1987), “Cointegration and Error Correction Representation: Estimation and Testing”, Econometrica, Vol. 55: 251–276.
  • Francois, J.F.; Schuknecht, L. (2000), International Trade in Financial Services, Competition, and Growth Performance, Centre for International Economics Studies, Working Paper No. 6.
  • Gabriele, A. (2006), “Exports of Services, Exports of Goods, and Economic Growth in Developing Countries”, Journal of Economic Integration, 294-317.
  • Grossman G.M.; Helpman E. (1991), Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy, England, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  • Günsoy, G., & Erdinç, Z. (Eds.) (2013), İktisadi Büyüme, Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • Haberlar, G. (1959), International Trade and Economic Development, National Bank of Egypt, Fiftieth Anniversary Commemoration Lectures, Cairo.
  • Hakim, M. M.; Merkert, R. (2016), “The Causal Relationship between Air Transport and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from South Asia”, Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 56: 120-127.
  • Haring, J. E.; Humphrey, J. F. (1964), “Simple Models Of Trade Expansion”, Economic Inquiry, Vol. 2, No.2: 173–174.
  • Heckscher, E.F.; Ohlin, B. (1991), Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Theory. Translated edited, and introduced Harry Flam and M. June Flanders. MIT Press, Cambridge.
  • Helpman E.; Krugman P. (1985), Market Structure and Foreign Trade, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
  • Herrerias, M. J.; Orts, V. (2010), “Is the Export‐Led Growth Hypothesis Enough to Account for China's Growth?”, China & World Economy, Vol. 18, No.4: 34-51.
  • Hicks, J. R. (1963), The Theory of Wages, 2nd edition, London, Macmillan and Co.
  • Işık, E. (2009), Türkiye'de Lojistik Hizmetlerinin Gelişiminin İhracat Odaklı Büyümeye Etkileri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Aydın.
  • İnançlı, S.; Torusdağ, M. (2022), “Uluslararası Hizmet Ticaretinin Cari Denge ve Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerine Etkileri: Türkiye Örneği”, Journal of Original Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1: 31-42.
  • İşleyen, Ş.; Altun, Y.; Görür, Ç. (2018), “Hizmet İhracatı ve Turizm Harcamalarının Ekonomik Büyümeye Katkısı Üzerine Ampirik Bir Analiz: 1996-2017 Türkiye Örneği”, Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, C. 6, S. 6: 953-960.
  • Johansen, S. (1988), “Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors”, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Vol. 12, No. 2-3: 231-254.
  • Johansen, S. (1996), Likelihood-Based Inference in Cointegrated Vector Auto-regressive Models. 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Johansen, S.; Juselius, K. (1990), “Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration with Appucations to the Demand for Money”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 52, No.2: 169-210.
  • Kalaitzi, A.S.; Chamberlain, T.W. (2020), “Merchandise Exports and Economic Growth: Multivariate Time Series Analysis for the United Arab Emirates”, Journal of Applied Economics, Vol. 23, No. 1: 163-182.
  • Kaldor, N. (1957), “A Model of Economic Growth”, The Economic Journal, Vol. 67, No. 268: 591-624.
  • Kaliappan, S. R.; Ahmad, S. A.; Ismail, N. W. (2017), “Service Export and Economic Growth in the Selected Developing Asian Countries”, International Journal of Economics & Management, Vol. 11, No.2.
  • Kar, M.; Pentecost, E. J. (2000), Financial Development and Economic Growth in Turkey: Further Evidence on the Causality Issue. Economic Research Paper No: 00/27, Department of Economics, Loughborough University.
  • Karam, F.; Zaki, C. (2015), “Trade Volume and Economic Growth in the MENA Region: Goods or Services?”, Economic Modelling, Vol. 45: 22-37.
  • Katircioglu, S. T. (2009), “Revisiting the Tourism-Led-Growth Hypothesis for Turkey Using the Bounds Test and Johansen Approach for Cointegration”, Tourism Management, Vol. 30, No. 1: 17-20.
  • Kızılkaya, O.; Sofuoğlu, E; Karaçor, Z. (2016), “Türkiye’de Turizm Gelirleri-Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: ARDL Sınır Testi Yaklaşım”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, C.23, S.1: 203-215.
  • Kollie, G. B. (2020), “Export-Led Growth Hypothesis in ECOWAS: A Panel Data Analysis”, African Journal of Economic Review, Vol. 8, No. 2: 258-275.
  • Kravis, I. B. (1970), “Trade as a Handmaiden of Growth: Similarities between the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries”, The Economic Journal, Vol. 80, No. 320: 850-872.
  • Krueger, A. O. (1978), Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: Liberalization Attempts and Consequences. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
  • Krugman, P. R. (1994), Rethinking International Trade, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
  • Lee, J., M.C. Strazicich (2003), “Minimum Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Test With Two Structural Breaks”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 85, No. 4: 1082-1089.
  • Lee, J.; M.C. Strazicich (2004), Minimum LM Unit Root Test with One Structural Break, Appalachian State University Working Papers, 04-17, 1-15.
  • Lorde, T.; Francis, B.; Drakes, L. (2011), “Tourism Services Exports and Economic Growth in Barbados”, The International Trade Journal, Vol. 25, No.2: 205-232.
  • Lucas, R. (1988), “On the Mechanics of Economic Development”, Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 22:3-42.
  • Mattoo, A.; Rathindran, R.; Subramanian, A. (2001), Measuring Services Trade Liberalization and Its Impact on Economic Growth: An Illustration. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper no. 2655, World Bank, Washington.
  • Michail, N.; Melas, K. D.; Batzilis, D. (2021), “Container Shipping Trade and Real GDP Growth: A Panel Vector Autoregressive Approach”, Economics Bulletin, Vol. 41, No. 2.
  • Mishra, S.; Gable, S. L.; Anand, R. (2011), Service Export Sophsitication and Economic Growth, World Bank Policy Working Paper no. 5606, The World Bank, Washington.
  • Narayan, P. K. (2005), “The Saving and Investment nexus for China: Evidence from Cointegration Tests”, Applied Economics, Vol. 37, No. 17: 1979-1990.
  • Narayan, P. K.; Narayan, S.; Prasad, A.; Prasad, B. C. (2010), “Tourism and Economic Growth: A Panel Data Analysis for Pacific Island Countries”, Tourism Economics, Vol. 16, No. 1: 169-183.
  • Onose, O. L.; Aras, O. N. (2021), “Does the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis Hold for Services Exports in Emerging Economies?”, Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics, Vol. 14, No. 27: 63-75.
  • Parida P.C.; Sahoo P. (2007), “Export-Led Growth in South Asia: A Panel Cointegration Analysis”, International Economic Journal, Vol. 21, No. 2: 155-175.
  • Park, J. S.; Seo, Y. J.; Ha, M. H. (2019), “The Role of Maritime, Land, and Air Transportation in Economic Growth: Panel Evidence from OECD and non-OECD Countries”, Research in Transportation Economics, 78, 100765.
  • Perron, P. (1989), “The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock, and the Unit Root Hypothesis”, Econometrica, Vol. 57: 1361-1401.
  • Pesaran, M. H.; Shin, Y.; Smith, R. J. (2001), “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol. 16, No. 3: 289-326.
  • Phillips, P. C.; Hansen, B. E. (1990), “Statistical Inference in Instrumental Variables Regression with I (1) Processes”, The Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 57, No. 1: 99-125.
  • Phillips, P. C.; Perron, P. (1988), “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, Vol. 75, No. 2: 335-346.
  • Popovici, O.C.; Călin, A.C. (2016), “Economic Growth, Foreign Investments and Exports in Romania: A VECM Analysis, The Romanian Economic Journal, Vol. 61: 95-122.
  • Priyankara, E. A. C. (2018), “Services Exports and Economic Growth in Sri Lanka: Does the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis Hold for Services Exports?”, Journal of Service Science and Management, Vol. 11, No. 04: 479.
  • Ricardo, D. (1817), The Works and Correspondence of David Ricardo, Vol. 1: Principles of political economy and taxation. USA: Online Library of Liberty.
  • Romer, P. M. (1986). “Increasing Returns and Long-run Growth”, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 94, No. 5: 1002-1037.
  • Romer, P. M. (1990). “Endogenous Technological Change", The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 98, No. 5: 71- 101. Saad, W. (2012), “Causality between Economic Growth, Export, and External Debt Servicing: The Case of Lebanon”, International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 4, No. 11: 134-143.
  • Saleem, A.; Sial, M. H.; Cheema, A. R. (2022), “Does an Asymmetric Nexus Exist between Exports and Economic Growth in Pakistan? Recent Evidence from A Nonlinear ARDL Approach”, Economic Change and Restructuring, 1-30.
  • Sermcheep, S. (2019), “Services Export and Economic Growth in ASEAN Countries”, Journal of Asian Economic Integration, Vol. 1, No. 2: 163-182.
  • Shan, J.; Sun, F. (1998), “On the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis: The Econometric Evidence from China”, Applied Economics, Vol. 30, No. 8: 1055-1065.
  • Shieh, C. H. (2020), “Services Export and Economic Growth: A Panel Cointegration Approach”, International Journal of Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 2: 66-82.
  • Smith, A. (1776). The Wealth of Nations. New York, NY: The Modern Library.
  • Tang, C. F.; Abosedra, S. (2019), “Logistics Performance, Exports, and Growth: Evidence from Asian Economies. Research in Transportation Economics, Vol. 78, 100743.
  • Tang, T. C. (2006), “New Evidence on Export Expansion, Economic Growth and Causality in China”, Applied Economics Letters, Vol. 13, No. 12: 801-803.
  • Usta, G.; Sarı, A. (2021), “Denizyolu Ticareti, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Dış Ticaret Haddi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Türkiye için ARDL Yaklaşımı”, Nazilli İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 2, S. 31: 31-44.
  • Vernon, R. (1966), “International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle”. he Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 80, No. 2: 190-207.
  • Yamak, R.; Erdem, H. F. (2017), Uygulamalı Zaman Serisi Analizleri, 1. Baskı, Trabzon: Celepler Matbaacılık.
  • Zivot, E.; Andrews D.W.K. (1992), “Further Evidence on the Great Crash, The Oil Price Shock and Unit Root Hypothesis”, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, Vol. 10, No.3: 251-270.
  • https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS (Erişim:03.03.2022)
  • https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD (Erişim:03.03.2022)
  • https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.KD (Erişim:03.03.2022)
  • https://evds2.tcmb.gov.tr/index.php?/evds/serieMarket (Erişim:04.03.2022)
Toplam 99 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Aylin Koca 0000-0003-4462-5881

Proje Numarası Proje numarası yoktur.
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Koca, A. (2023). Taşımacılık, İnşaat, Seyahat ve Finansal Hizmetler Sektörü İhracatının Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkisi: Türkiye Örneği. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 18(1), 187-209. https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.1238128