Determinants of the Informal Economy in MENA Economies

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1, 39 - 52, 01.06.2018

Orhan Erem Ateşağaoğlu Ceyhun Elgin Oğuz Öztunalı

https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.456944

Cited By: 2

https://izlik.org/JA89ZU66HN

Öz

Using data from a panel of 23 Middle East and North
African (MENA) economies over the years between 1999-2015, this paper examines
the determinants of the shadow economy in this region. Specifically, we
reexamine the economic and social variables used in the cross-country empirical
literature on the shadow economy and compare them with those of the MENA
economies to identify similarities and differences between MENA countries and
the rest of the world. Moreover, we discuss key implications of the shadow
economy in this setting. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Informal Sector , Panel Data

Kaynakça

• Arellano, Manuel. & Bond, Steve. (1991). “Some specification tests for panel data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations”, Review of Economic Studies , 58, pp. 277–98. Celestin, Jane. (1989). “Urban Informal Sector Information - Needs and Methods”, Working Paper, ILO. Elgin, Ceyhun. (2010). “Political Turnover, Taxes, and the Shadow Economy”, Working Papers, Department of Economics, Bogazici University. Elgin, Ceyhun. & Solis-Garcia, M. (2011). “Public Trust, Taxes and the Informal Sector”, Working Papers, Department of Economics, Bogazici University. Elgin, Ceyhun. (2012). “Cyclicality of the Informal Economy”, Working Papers, Department of Economics, Bogazici University. Elgin, Ceyhun. & Schneider, Friedrich. (2016). “Shadow Economies in OECD Countries: DGE vs. MIMIC Approaches”. Bogazici Journal. 30-1, pg. 51-75. Friedman, Eric., Johnson, Simon., Kaufman, Daniel. & Zoldo-Lobaton, Pablo. (2000). “Dodging the Grabbing Hand: The Determinants of Unofficial Activity in 69 Countries”, Journal of Public Economics, 76-3: pg. 459-493. Goel, Rajeev. & Michael. Nelson, (2010). “Causes of Corruption: History, Geography and Government”, Journal of Policy Modeling, 32, pg. 433-447. Hatipoglu, Ozan. & Ozbek, Gulenay. (2007). “On the Political Economy of the Informal Sector & Income Redistribution”, Working Papers, Department of Economics, Bogazici University. Ihrig, Jane, and Moe, Karine. (2004). “Lurking in the Shadows: The Informal Sector and Government Policy”. Journal of Development Economics, 73, pg. 541-77. Johnson, Simon, Kaufman, Daniel. & Shleifer, Andrei. (1997). “The Unofficial Economy in Transition”, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2, pg. 159-221. Johnson, Simon., Kaufman, Daniel., & Zoido-Lobaton, Pablo. (1998). “Regulatory Discretion and the Unofficial Economy”, American Economic Review, 88, pg. 387-392. LaPorta, Rafael., Fernando Lopez de Silanes, Andrei Shleifer, & Robert Vishny, (1999). “The Quality of Government”, Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 15, pg. 222-279. Loayza, Norman. & Wada, Tarik. (2010). “Informal Labor in the Middle East and North Africa: Basic Measures and Determinants”, Working Paper, World Bank, Washington D.C. Looney, Robert. (2006). “Economic Consequences of Conflict: The Rise of Iraq’s Informal Economy”, Journal of Economic Issues, 40-4. Portes, Alejandro, Castells, Manuel, & Benton, Lauren., eds. (1989). “The informal economy - Studies in Advanced and Less Developed Countries”, Johns Hopkins University Press. Rodman, Samuel. (2007). “Good Jobs, Bad Jobs, and Economic Performance: A View from the MENA Region”, Employment and Shared Growth, edt. by Pierella Pace and Pieter Serneels. World Bank, Washington D.C. Schneider, Friedrich. (2005). “Shadow Economies Around the World: What do We Really Know?”, European Journal of Political Economy, 21, pg. 598-642. Schneider Friedrich, & Enste, Dominique. H. (2000). “Shadow Economies: Sizes, Causes and Consequences”. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 38: 77-114. Tanzi, Vito. (1980). “Underground Economy and Tax Evasion in the United States: Estimates and Implications”, Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review, vol 32. pp. 427-453. Tanzi, Vito. (1983). “The Underground Economy in the U.S.: Annual Estimates”, 1930-80, IMF Staff Papers, 30 (2), 283-305. Thomas, James J. (1992). “Informal Economic Activity”, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. UNDP (2010). “Human Development Report: The Real Wealth of Nations - Pathways to Human Development”. UNDP: New York. Wahba, Jackline. (2009a). “Labor Markets Performance and Migration Flows in Egypt”. European University Institute, Firenze. Wahba, Jackline. (2009b). “The Impact of Labor Market Reforms on Informaltiy in Egypt”. The Population Council, Cairo.