Migration as a Securitized Phenomenon: An Analysis of the Societal Security in Terms of EU Perception

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 276 - 293, 01.07.2024

Salih Turgay , Pelin Sönmez

https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.1395407

Öz

In the 21st century, the diversification of communication and transportation opportunities has not only facilitated regular migration movements but also led to changes in the volume and dimensions of irregular migration. Migrants not only significantly influence the demographic, sociological, and economic structures of the countries they move to but have also become subjects of security concerns. Member countries of the European Union (EU) are targeted by migration movements due to attractive factors such as high living and working conditions, economic prosperity, and governance styles that respect human rights. Claims that migrants threaten the societal security of the EU by affecting its language, religion, cultural values, traditions, and national identities have become frequent topics of discussion in political and academic circles. In this regard, the main aim of the study is to determine whether migration poses a threat to the societal security of the EU or if such a perception exists in EU society. The findings indicate a strong perception in EU society that migration constitutes a threat to societal security.

Anahtar Kelimeler

EU, Migration, Immigrant, Social Security, Threat

Güvenlikleştirilmiş Bir Olgu Olarak Göç: Toplumsal Güvenliğin AB Algısı Açısından Analizi

Öz

21. yüzyılda iletişim ve ulaşım imkanlarının çeşitlenmesi düzenli göç hareketlerini kolaylaştırmakla kalmamış aynı zamanda düzensiz göçün de hacim ve boyut değiştirmesine neden olmuştur. Göçmenler, gittikleri ülkelerin demografik, sosyolojik ve ekonomik yapılarını önemli ölçüde etkilediği gibi, aynı zamanda güvenlik konularının da öznesi haline gelmiştir. Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyesi ülkeler, yüksek yaşam ve çalışma koşulları, ekonomik refahı, insan haklarına saygılı yönetim şekilleri gibi çekici etkenlerden dolayı göç hareketlerinin hedefinde yer almaktadır. Göçmenlerin AB toplumunun dili, dini, kültürel değerleri, gelenekleri ve ulusal kimliklerini içeren toplumsal güvenliğini tehdit ettiği iddiaları, siyaset ve akademik çevrelerde sıklıkla tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu anlamda çalışmanın temel amacı, göçün AB’nin toplumsal güvenliğini tehdit edip etmediğini veya AB toplumunda böyle bir algının olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Elde edilen bulgular, göçün toplumsal güvenliğe yönelik tehdit oluşturduğuna dair AB toplumunda güçlü bir algı olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

AB, Göç, Göçmen, Toplumsal Güvenlik, Tehdit

Kaynakça

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