Teknoloji İle Zenginleştirilmiş Öğrenme Ortamlarında Öğrencilerin Bilimsel Argümantasyonuna Rehberli Öğrenme Desteği Sağlanması

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 122 - 152, 10.03.2017

Hale Üstünel Tuğba Tokel

Öz

Yirmi yıl boyunca araştırmacılar ve uygulayıcılar, argümantasyonu desteklemek ve öğretmek amacıyla

teknoloji araçları geliştirmiş ve teknoloji ile zenginleştirilmiş öğrenme ortamları (TELE’ler) tasarlamıştır.

İlgili olarak, Kim-Hannafin vd. (2007), geçerli bir TELE3 sağlamak amacıyla pedagojik bir çerçeve sunmuştur.

Tasarıma dayanan bu çalışmanın amacı, bu çerçevenin mikro bağlam boyutunu araştırmak ve öğrenci-araç,

öğretmen-öğrenci ve öğretmen-araç arasındaki etkileşimleri analiz etmekti. Bu bakımdan, teknoloji ile

zenginleştirilmiş bir öğrenme ortamındaki rolleri nasıl dengelediklerini anlamak amacıyla, teknoloji ile

zenginleştirilmiş bir öğrenme ortamında çeşitli öğrenme desteklerinin kırk bir ortaokul öğrencisinin

argümantasyonu üzerindeki etkisi ve öğrenme desteklerinin öğretmen ve teknoloji aracı arasındaki dağılımı

analiz edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin argümantasyonu, günlük puanları ve ön testleri incelenmiş ve nicel bir analiz -

tanımlayıcı istatistikler, tek yönlü tekrarlı ölçümlü bir ANOVA ve MANCOVA ve nitel bir analiz

gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, öğrencilerin ipuçlarının, cümle başlatıcılarının ve soru

yönlendiricilerinin kullanımından yararlandığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, öğretmen desteği önemlidir ve

Toulmin’in çerçevesinde olduğu gibi, öğrencileri sav, gerekçe, destek, garantiler ile argümanlar, bazı

durumlarda da çürütmeler kullanarak daha sofistike olanları kurmadaki yeteneklerini geliştirmeye

yöneltmiştir. Çalışma, öğrencilerin öğrenmesini ve argümantasyonunu kolaylaştırmak amacıyla teknoloji ile

zenginleştirilmiş öğrenme ortamında öğrenme destekleri tasarlamaya yönelik yol gösterici ilkeler ve stratejiler

sunar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bilimsel Sorgulama, Argümantasyon, Öğrenme Desteği Sağlama, Dağıtılmış Öğrenme Desteği Sağlama, Teknoloji İle Zenginleştirilmiş Öğrenme Ortamı

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