THE EXAMINATION OF CARBON EMISSIONS UNDER THE SHADOW OF INFLATION IN MENA COUNTRIES: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS (2000–2023)

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3, 894 - 910, 01.07.2025

Bıbıfatemeh Kazemı

https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1696947

Öz

In accordance with recent global developments, developing countries have experienced increasing economic uncertainty, reflected in rising unemployment and inflation rates. This trend poses a significant threat, particularly regarding environmental challenges such as increasing carbon emissions. This study builds upon the framework established by Kashem and Rahman (2020) and investigates the Environmental Phillips Curve to analyze the relationship between economic variables and environmental indicators. This study employs panel data analysis covering selected MENA countries during the period from 2000 to 2023. The independent variables include GDP per capita, the squared term of GDP, foreign direct investment, trade openness, and unemployment rate, while the inflation rate is included as a control variable. The dependent variable is carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. A distinctive feature of this study is the explicit examination of the impact of inflation on CO₂ emissions. Through this approach, the Environmental Kuznets Curve, Pollution Haven Hypothesis, and Pollution Halo Hypothesis are revisited. The empirical findings demonstrate that inflation has a positive and statistically significant effect on environmental pollution, highlighting its critical role as a determinant of environmental degradation in the MENA region.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CO₂ Emissions , Inflation , Environmental Kuznets Curve , Environmental Phillips

MENA ÜLKELERİNDE ENFLASYONUN GÖLGESİNDE KARBON EMİSYONLARININ İNCELENMESİ: PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ (2000–2023)

Öz

Dünyada yaşanan küresel gelişmelere paralel olarak, son dönemlerde gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ekonomik belirsizlik artmakta; buna bağlı olarak işsizlik ve enflasyon oranlarında yükseliş gözlemlenmektedir. Bu durum, çevresel sorunlar, özellikle de karbon emisyonundaki artışla birlikte önemli bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Ekonomik değişkenler ile çevresel göstergeler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla, Kashem ve Rahman (2020) çalışmasından yola çıkılarak Çevresel Phillips Eğrisi analiz edilmektedir. 2000-2023 yılları arasında seçili MENA bölgesi ülkelerine yönelik çalışmada; kişi başına düşen GSYİH, GSYİH’nın karesi, doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları, ticaret hacmi ve işsizlik oranı bağımsız değişken, enflasyon oranı kontrol değişkeni, karbon emisyonu ise bağımlı değişken olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın özgün yönü, enflasyonun CO₂ emisyonları üzerindeki etkisini ayrıca değerlendirmesidir. Bu kapsamda, Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi, Kirlilik Sığınağı Hipotezi ve Kirlilik Halesi Hipotezi panel veri analiziyle yeniden test edilmektedir. Elde edilen bulgular, enflasyonun çevre kirliliği üzerinde pozitif yönde ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CO₂ Emisyonları , Enflasyon , Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi , Çevresel Phillips Eğrisi

Kaynakça

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