Antalya İli Kaş İlçesinde Sebze Üreticilerinin Mali Durumunu ve Gelirlerini Etkileyen Faktörler

Öz

Yatırım sermayesi ve işletme maliyetleri yüksek olan sebze tarımı ülke ekonomisinin gelişmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Sebze üretimi, çağlar boyunca insanlığın günlük besin ihtiyacını karşıladığı için Türkiye tarımının başlıca alanıdır. Araştırma verileri Antalya ili Kaş ilçesindeki sebze yetiştiricilerinden çoklu örnekleme teknikleri ile belirlenen 103’ünden anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Tarım işletmeleri, kümeleme analizi kullanılarak küçük ve büyük sebze yetiştiricileri olarak kategorize edilmiştir. İşletmelerin iyileştirilmesi gereken alanların belirlenmesi için finansal oranlar hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, verileri analiz etmek için tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve çoklu regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır. Küçük işletmeler, büyük işletmelere kıyasla daha genç ve daha eğitimlidir. İşletmelerin borç oranları, yükümlülüklerine göre daha fazla varlığa sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. Varlık devir oranı, küçük işletmelerde büyük işletmelere göre daha verimlidir. Biyolojik mücadele önlemleri ve gübre maliyeti işletme gelirlerini olumsuz etkilerken, tarımsal deneyim ve hane halkı büyüklüğü, işletme gelirini önemli ölçüde ve olumlu yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle gelir kaybını göze alarak güvenli ve sağlıklı gıda üretmek için çevre dostu yöntemler kullanan işletmeler teşvik edilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sebze
• Finansal oranlar
• çoklu regresyon modeli
• varlıklar
• Türkiye

Factors Affecting Vegetable Farmers' Financial Condition and Income in Kaş District of Antalya Province, Turkey

Abstract

Vegetable agriculture, which has high investment capital and operating costs, plays an important role in the development of the country's economy. Vegetable production is the principal area of Turkish agriculture as vegetables have fulfilled the daily food requirements of humanity for ages. Multiple sampling techniques were used to collect data from 103 vegetable growers of Kaş district of Antalya through face to face surveys. Farmers were categorized into small and large vegetable growers using cluster analysis. Financial ratios were calculated for vegetable growers to identify the areas which need improvement to make vegetable farms sound. Moreover, descriptive statistics along with a multiple regression model was used to analyze the data. The small vegetable growers were found younger and more educated as compared to large vegetable growers. Debt ratios of both vegetable grower categories indicated that they have more assets as compare to their liabilities. The asset turnover ratio found small vegetable growers more efficient in the use of their assets as compared to large vegetable growers. Farming experience and household size significantly and positively affect the income of vegetable growers. While biological control measures and fertilizer cost negatively affect vegetable producers’ income. Therefore, the government should encourage vegetable growers as they use environmentally friendly methods to produce safe and healthy food.

Keywords

• Vegetable
• Financial ratios
• Multiple regression model
• Assets
• Turkey

Kaynakça

1. Abdu Z., Musa S A. Socio-economic Determinants of Soybean Production in Bauchi State: The Case of Dass and Toro Local Government Areas 2007; (pp. 27-35). Refereed Conference Proceedings of the Nigerian Association of Agricultural Economists (NAAE).
2. Abid M., Scheffran J., Schneider U A., Ashfaq M. Farmers' perceptions of and adaptation strategies to climate change and their determinants: the case of Punjab province, Pakistan. Earth System Dynamics 2015; 6(1), 225.
3. Ajibefun I., Abdulkadri O A. An Investigation of Technical Efficiency of Production of Farmers under the National Directorate of Employment in Ondo State, Nigeria. Applied Economics Letter 1999; 6, 111-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/135048599353735. Analysis Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice hall. Volumev5 (3):207-219.
4. Anonymous. Turkey’s exports of fresh fruit, vegetables declining 2015; Hurriyet daily news retrieved from http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkeys-exports-of-fresh-fruit-vegetables-declining--91511.
5. Awotide D O., Ambali O I., Aihonsu J O Y. Agricultural Credit Access and Utilization among Small-Scale Fish Farmers in Egba Division of Ogun State, Nigeria 2012; (pp. 306-311). Refereed Conference Proceedings of the Nigerian Association of Agricultural Economists (NAAE).
6. Bongole A J. Determinants of Farm and Non-Farm Activities as Sources of Income amongst Rural Households: Evidence from Kahama District in Tanzania. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 2016; 7, No.4, Pp.132-139.
7. Braun K P., Dlamini, G M. Swaziland. Plant Diversity and Conservation in Botanical Diversity in Southern Africa. Proceeding of a conference on conservation of South Africa, Leipzig, Germany 1994; 6, 17-23. Pp. 7-8.
8. Cahit S. Fruit & Vegetables Production in Turkey 2017; http://www.fresh-fruits.net/2017/02/11/fruit-vegetable-exports-of-turkey/. Downloaded on 7-11-2017.

9. Emenyonu C A., Eze C C., Egwuelu C J., Onyemauwa S C. Comparative Effects of Current Bank Reforms among Union and First Banks Farmers in Imo State, Nigeria 2012; (pp. 294-305). Refereed Conference Proceedings of the Nigerian Association of Agricultural Economists (NAAE).
10. Hair J F., Black WC., Babin B J., Anderson R E., Tatham RL. Multivariate data 1998.
11. Haq S U., Shahbaz P., Boz I., Yildirim C., Murtaza M R. Exploring the determinants of technical inefficiency in mango enterprise: a case of Muzafargarh, Pakistan. Custos e @gronegócio on line – 2017; 13, Apr/Jun. - 2017. Pp (218-236).
12. Hassan T A. Economic Analysis of Factors Affecting the Farmer Income under Traditional Farming System in South Darfur State–Sudan. Journal of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015; 1, No. 3, 2015, pp. 114-119.
13. Ibekwe U C., Eze C C., Onyemauwa C S., Henri-Ukoha A., Korie O C., Nwaiwu I U. Determinants of farm and off–farm income among farm households In South East Nigeria. Academia Arena, 2010; 2(10), 58-61.
14. McFadyen, R E C. Biological control of weeds. Annual Review of Entomology 1998; 43(1), 369-393. Naqvi. Diseases of fruits and vegtables 2004; 1 Pp. 247-290.
15. Nmadu J N., Ibiejemite J O. Economic Analysis of Fertilizer Use on Yam Production in Kabba Bunu Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria 2007; (pp. 11-14). Refereed Conference Proceedings of the Nigerian Association of Agricultural Economists (NAAE).
16. Nzabakenga A., Feng L X., Yaqin H. Agricultural Income Determinants among Smallholder Farmers: Case of Northern Part of Burundi. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 2013; 3(11), 780.
17. Oluwasola O. Vegetable production, livelihood diversification and employment generation in Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Science 2015; 7(8), 165.
18. Shahbaz P., Haq S U., Boz I., Murtaza M R. An Assessment of Determinants Responsible for Low Mango Productivity in District Muzzafargarh, Pakistan. Journal of Food Science and Engineering 7, 2017; 400-405.
19. Shahbaz P., Boz I., Haq S U, Khalid U B. Mixed Farming and its impact on Farm Income; A study in District Faisalabad, Punjab Pakistan. IJRDO-Journal of Agriculture and Research 2017b; 3(8). Pp. (16-25). Vol. 1, No. 3, 2015, pp. 114-119.
20. Shahbaz P., Boz I., Haq S U. Determinants of Crop Diversification in Mixed Cropping Zone of Punjab Pakistan. Direct Research Journal of Agriculture and Food Science 2017c; 5 (11) Pp. (360-366).
21. TUIK. Türkiye Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri, T.C. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu 2016; Ankara.
22. Tümer E İ., Birinci A., Yıldırım Ç. 2011. Ambalajlı su tüketimini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi: Ankara İli Keçiören İlçesi örneği. Alınteri Zirai Bilimler Dergisi,2011; 21(2). Pp.11-19
23. Turkten H., Yıldırım Ç., Ceyhan V., Soytoprak, H. The effects of applying biological control measures in greenhouse cultivation on the production efficiency in kaş district of Antalya province, Turkey. European Journal of Sustainable Development 2017; 6(3) 1-10.
24. Ugwumba COA. Environmental Sustainability and Profitability of Integrated Fish cum Crop Farming in Anambra State, Nigeria. Agricultural Journal 2010; 5(3), 229-233.
25. Ul Haq S., Ceyhan V., Boz I., Shahbaz P. Effect of Different Crop Management System on Technical Efficiency in Sugarcane Production in Faisalabad, Punjab Region of Pakistan. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 2016; 6 (12) Pp. 106-114.
26. Zengin H. Yabancı Otlarla Biyolojik Mücadele Yöntemleri, Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 1997; 28(3). Pp. 496-515.