Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pyoverdines: A Hidden Threat in Apitherapy Applications

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative rod-shape bacterium, is one of the most common pathogens in nosocomial infections and this pathogenic species draws attention with its high prevalence rate in patients with septicemia. Pyoverdines are fluorescent siderophore produced by some Pseudomonas species such as P. aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens. These siderophores support biofilm production in these microorganisms and also plays a role as a virulence factor. In this study, anti-Pseudomonas activity of 10 different honey samples was evaluated by agar well diffusion (AWD) method. In addition, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of these honey samples were determined via microbroth dilution method. The obtained results showed that only oak honey and chestnut honey have negligible scale low anti-Pseudomonas activity. In addition, it was observed that other honey samples did not have an inhibitory effect against these pathogens. Finally, the promoting property of pyoverdine siderophore production of these honey samples was evaluated and it was concluded that all honey samples stimulated pyoverdin production at a concentration ½ w/v.

Keywords

• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Pyoverdines
• Honey
• Anti-Pseudomonas activity
• Minimum inhibition concentration
• Minimum bactericidal concentration

Pseudomonas aeruginosa ve Pyoverdinler: Apiterapi Uygulamalarında Gizli bir Tehdit

Öz

Gram negatif çubuk şeklinde bir bakteri olan Pseudomonas aeruginosa, hastane enfeksiyonlarında en sık görülen patojenlerden biridir ve bu patojenik tür, septisemili hastalarda yüksek prevalansı ile dikkat çekmektedir. Pyoverdinler, P. aeruginosa ve Pseudomonas fluorescens gibi bazı Pseudomonas türleri tarafından üretilen floresan sideroforlardır. Bu sideroforlar, bu mikroorganizmalarda biyofilm üretimini destekler ve aynı zamanda bir virülans faktörü olarak rol oynar. Bu çalışmada 10 farklı bal örneğinin anti-Pseudomonas aktivitesi agar kuyusu difüzyon (AWD) yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca bu bal örneklerinin minimum inhibisyon konsantrasyonu (MIC) ve minimum bakterisidal konsantrasyon (MBC) değerleri mikrobroth seyreltme yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar sadece meşe balı ve kestane balının ihmal edilebilir ölçekte düşük anti-Pseudomonas aktivitesine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca diğer bal örneklerinin bu patojenlere karşı inhibitör etkisinin olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Son olarak, bu bal örneklerinin pyoverdin siderofor üretimini teşvik edici özelliği değerlendirilmiş ve tüm bal örneklerinin ½ w/v konsantrasyonda pyoverdin üretimini uyardığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• pyoverdinler
• Bal
• Anti-Pseudomonas aktivite
• Minimum inhibisyon konsantrasyonu
• Minimum bakterisidal konsantrasyon

Kaynakça

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