Polivinil Klorür İçeren Membranın Karakterizasyonunun ve Ekstraksiyon Veriminin Zaman İçerisinde Değişimi

Yıl 2022, , 897 - 907, 18.07.2022

Yasemin Yıldız Aynur Manzak

https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1055135

Öz

Çalışmada polivinil klorür içeren polimerik membranın hazırlanmasının ardından belirli sürelerde oda sıcaklığında bekletilmesi ile membran morfolojisindeki değişim incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla membranlar, oda sıcaklığında ve herhangi bir toza veya kimyasala maruz bırakılmadan belli sürelerde laboratuvarda bekletilmiştir. Membranlarda bu süreler sonunda herhangi bir yırtılma ve yapısal bozulma meydana gelmemiştir. Membranların yüzey morfolojileri hakkında bilgi için taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile yüzey görüntüleri elde edilmiştir. Bu görüntülerde de yapısal bir bozunma olmadığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca membranların asit ve baza karşı dayanıklılıkları incelenmiş ve dayanıklıklarını korudukları belirlenmiştir. Bekletilen membranların metal ekstraksiyonunda akı ve verim değerlendirildiğinde, en az 6 ay ile 1 yıla kadar ciddi bir değişim görülmemiştir. Membran verimliliğinde de aynı sonuç elde edilmiştir. Elde ettiğimiz polimer içerikli membranların uzun zaman sonrada kullanılabildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu durum PIM’ lerin ticari faaliyetlerdeki kullanımını artırabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kararlılık, Dayanıklılık, Akı, Yüzey morfolojisi

The Change in Characterization of Membrane Containing Polyvinyl Chloride and of Extraction Efficiency over Time

Öz

In the study, after the preparation of the polymeric membrane containing polyvinyl chloride, the change in the morphology of the membrane was investigated by keeping it at room temperature for certain periods. For this purpose, the membranes were kept at room temperature for certain periods in the laboratory without being exposed to any dust or chemicals. It was evaluated that the membranes did not show any tearing and structural deterioration after waiting. For information about the surface morphologies of the membranes, surface images were obtained by scanning electron microscopy and optical microscope images. It was observed that there was no structural deterioration in these images. Also, the resistance of the membranes to acids and bases was examined, and it was determined that they maintained their durability. At the end of the extraction experiments, flux and efficiency evaluations of the kept membranes showed no significant change for at least 6 months to 1 year. Similarly, the same result was found in membrane efficiency. It has been determined that the polymer inclusion membranes we have obtained can be used after a long time. This may increase the use of polymeric inclusion membrane (PIMs) in commercial activities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Stability, Durability, Flux, Surface morphology

Kaynakça

• Aguilar, JC., Sánchez-Castellanos, M., Rodr´ıguez de San Miguel, E., Gyves, J. Cd(II) and Pb(II) extraction and transport modeling in SLM and PIM systems using Kelex 100 as carrier. Journal of Membrane Science 2001; 190: 107–118.
• Almeida, MIGS., Cattrall, RW., Kolev, SD. Recent trends in extraction and transport of metal ions using polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs). Journal Membrane Science 2012; 415–416.
• Argiropoulos, G., Cattrall, RW., Hamilton, IC., Kolev, SD., Paimin, R. The study of a membrane for extracting gold (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions. Journal Membrane Science 1998; 138 (2): 279–285.
• Kagaya, S., Ryokan, Y., Cattrall, RW., Kolev, SD. Stability studies of poly(vinyl chloride)-based polymer inclusion membranes containing Aliquat 336 as a carrier. Separation and Purification Technology 2012; 101: 69-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2012.09.007.
• Kaya, A., Onac, C., Korkmaz Alpoguz, H., Yilmaz, A., Atar, N. Removal of Cr(VI) through calixarene based polymer inclusion membrane from chrome plating bath water, Chemical Engineering Journal 2016; 283: 141–149.
• Kebiche-Senhadji, O., Tingry, S., Seta, P., Benamor, M. Selective extraction of Cr(VI) over metallic species by polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) using anion (Aliquat 336) as carrier. Desalination 2010; 258. 59–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2015.04.021.
• Kozlowski, CA., Walkowiak, W. Applicability of liquid membranes in chromium(VI) transport with amines as ion carriers. Journal Membrane Science 2005; 266: 143–150.
• Kozlowski, CA., Walkowiak, W. Removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions by polymer inclusion membranes. Water Research 2002; 36: 4870–4876.
• Kul, M., Oskay, KO. Separation and recovery of valuable metals from real mix electroplating wastewater by solvent extraction. Hydrometallurgy 2015; 155: 153-160.
• Lam, B., Wei, M., Zhu, L., Luo, S., Guo, R., Morisato, A., Alexandridis, P., Lin, H. Cellulose triacetate doped with ionic liquids for membrane gas separation. Polymer 2016; 89: 1-11.
• Levitskaia, TG., Lamb, JD., Fox, KL., Moyer, BA. Selective carrier-mediated cesium transport through polymer inclusion membranes by calix[4]arene-crown-6 carriers from complex aqueous mixtures. Radiochimica Acta 2002; 90(1): 43–52.
• Nghiem, LD., Mornane, P., Potter, ID., Perera, JM., Cattrall, RW., Kolev, SD. Extraction and transport of metal ions and small organic compounds using polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs). Journal of Membrane Science 2006; (281): 7-41.
• Onaç, C. Polimer İçerikli Membranlar İle Bazı Metal Katyonlarının Yük Taşıyıcılı Ekstraksiyonu. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Temmuz, 2017.
• Pont, N., Salvado, V., Fontas, C. Selective transport and removal of Cd from chloride solutions by polymer inclusion membranes. Journal of Membrane Science 2008; 318: 340–345.
• Pospiech, B., Walkowiak, W. Separation of copper(II), cobalt(II) and nickel(II) from chloride solutions by polymer inclusion membranes. Separation and Purification Technology 2007; 57: 461–465.
• Resina, M., Fontas, C., Palet, C., Munoz, M. Comparative study of hybrid and activated composite membranes containing Aliquat 336 for the transport of Pt(IV). Journal Membrane Science 2008; 311: 235–242.
• Sellami, F., Kebiche-Senhadji, O., Marais, S., Couvrat, N., Fatyeyeva, K. Polymer inclusion membranes based on CTA/PBAT blend containing Aliquat 336 as extractant for removal of Cr(VI): efficiency, stability and selectivity. Reactive and Functional Polymers 2019; 139: 120-132.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.03.014.
• Suah, FBM., Ahmad, M. Preparation and characterization of polymer inclusion membrane based optode for determination of Al3+ ion. Analytica Chimica Acta 2017; 951: 133-139.
• Yildiz, Y., Manzak, A., Aydin, B., Tutkun, O. Preparation and application of polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) including alamine 336 for the extraction of metals from an aqueous solution. Materiali in tehnologije / Materials and technology 2014; 48: 791–796.
• Yildiz Y., Manzak, A. Stability and Durability of Polyvinyl Chloride Membranes Consisting of Aliquat 336. 3st International Turkic World Conference on Chemical Sciences and Technologies 26-30 October 2016 Skopje, Macedonia.