Design of a Flywheel of a Mechanical Gyroscope Using Rigid Dynamic Simulation for Angular Momentum Control

Öz

Gyroscopes are devices that detect rotation in three-dimensional space without reference to an external object. Mechanical gyroscopes are mechanisms that produce torque. This torque is also called gyroscopic torque. Gyroscopes used to produce controlled torque are called control moment gyroscopes. The most vital part of mechanical gyroscopes is the flywheel. In flywheel designs, size and rotational speed are the design parameters. In this paper, the design of the flywheel of a vertically placed mechanical gyroscope with a flywheel operating by means of weight torque is obtained by rigid body simulation. Optimisation method is used for this purpose. One hundred points were generated using the Latin Hypercube Sampling Design method for optimisation. Non-parametric regression method was used to obtain the response function. Genetic algorithm method was used for minimisation. It is aimed to minimise the variation and the energy consumed and to maximise the gyroscopic torque. The optimum speed ω=164.3941 rad/s and radius r=0.143839 m.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mechanical gyroscope
• Optimisation
• Nutation
• Precession
• Design

Açısal Momentum Kontrolü İçin Rijit Dinamik Simülasyon Kullanılarak Mekanik Bir Jiroskop Volanının Tasarımı

Öz

Jiroskoplar, harici nesneyi referans almadan üç boyutlu uzayda dönüşü algılayan cihazlardır. Mekanik jiroskoplar ise tork üreten mekanizmalardır. Bu torka, jiroskopik tork da denmektedir. Kontrollü tork üretmek için kullanılan jiroskoplar, kontrol momenti jiroskopları olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Mekanik jiroskopların en hayati parçası ise volandır. Volan tasarımlarında boyut ve dönme hızı tasarım parametreleridir. Bu makalede, dikey yerleştirilmiş, ağırlık torku sayesinde çalışan, bir volanlı mekanik jiroskopun volanının tasarımı rijit cisim simülasyonu ile elde edilmiştir. Bu amaçla optimizasyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Optimizasyon için Latin Hypercube Sampling Design yöntemi kullanılarak yüz adet nokta oluşturulmuştur. Cevap fonksiyonunun elde edilmesinde non-parametrik regresyon metodu kullanılmıştır. Minimizasyon için genetik algoritma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Nütasyonun ve harcanan enerjinin minimum olması, jiroskopik torkun en fazla olması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçları sağlayan optimum hız ω=164,3941 rad/s ve radyus ise r=0,143839 m olmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mekanik jiroskop
• Optimizasyon
• Nütasyon
• Presesyon
• Tasarım

Kaynakça

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