Control of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis lycopersici Disease Complex in Tomato Using Abamectin, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus subtilis

Öz

In this controlled study, commercial abamectin (Abamax 50 SC®), Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki strain ABTS-351 (Dipel® 54% DF) and Bacillus subtilis strain IAB/BS03 (Fungıseı® SL) pesticides were used alone or in combination to control Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis lycopersici (FORL) disease complex in tomato. The study consisted of single and three combination treatments to simultaneous nematode and fungus inoculation. One day after nematode and fungus inoculation, pesticides were applied to the soil. Sixty days later, the experiment was terminated and evaluated using a scale of 1-9 root galling and egg masses index and 0-4 disease severity. When the single treatments were evaluated, the highest suppressive effect was found in Abamectin treatment in nematode parameters, while the highest suppressive effect was found in B. subtilis IAB/BS03 strain treatment in disease severity. In the combinations of B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki ABTS-351 strain and B. subtilis IAB/BS03 strain with abamectin, the gal index value was found to be 1.4 and 1.8, respectively, while the disease severity scale average was found to be 1.8 and 1.4, respectively, which were the lowest values in the experiment. The suppressive effect on nematodes and fungi increased in combination applications with abamectin and biological control agents, bacteria. It is thought that combination applications with Abamectin will be more successful in Meloidogyne incognita and FORL disease complex.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Root knot nematode
• Root rot
• Integrated management
• Disease complex

Domateste Meloidogyne incognita ve Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis lycopersici Hastalık Kompleksinin Abamektin, Bacillus thuringiensis ve Bacillus subtilis Kullanılarak Mücadelesi

Öz

Kontrollü koşullarda yürütülen bu çalışmada domateste Meloidogyne incognita ve Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis lycopersici (FORL) hastalık kompleksinin mücadelesinde ticari abamektin (Abamax 50 SC®), Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki ABTS-351 ırkı (Dipel® 54% DF) ve Bacillus subtilis IAB/BS03 ırkı (Fungıseı® SL) pestisitlerinin tek başlarına veya kombinasyon halinde etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla saksılarda yürütülmüştür. Çalışma eş zamanlı nematod ve fungus inokülasyonuna yapılan tekli ve üç adet kombinasyon uygulamaları ile oluşturulmuştur. Nematod ve fungus inokulasyonundan bir gün sonra pestisitler toprağa uygulanmıştır. Altmış gün sonra deneme sonlandırılarak 1-9 kök gallenme ve yumurta paketi indeksi ile 0-4 hastalık şiddeti skalası kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Tek başına yapılan uygulamalar değerlendirildiğinde en yüksek baskılayıcı etkinin nematod parametrelerinde Abamektin uygulamasında olduğu belirlenirken, hastalık şiddetinde ise B. subtilis IAB/BS03 ırkı uygulamasında saptanmıştır. Abamektin ile yapılan B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki ABTS-351 ırkı ve B. subtilis IAB/BS03 ırkı kombinasyonlarında gal indeks değeri sırasıyla 1.4 ve 1.8 bulunurken, hastalık şiddeti skala ortalaması sırasıyla 1.8 ve 1.4 tespit edilerek denemede en düşük değerler olduğu saptanmıştır. Abamektin ve biyolojik kontrol etmenleri olan bakteriler ile yapılan kombinasyon uygulamalarda nematod ve fungus üzerindeki baskılayıcı etki artmıştır. Meloidogyne incognita ve FORL hastalık kompleksinde Abamektin ile yapılan kombinasyon uygulamaların daha başarılı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kök ur nematodu
• Kök çürüklüğü
• Entegre mücadele
• hastalık kompleksi

Etik Beyan

Yazarlar makaleye eşit oranda katkı sağlamış olduklarını beyan ederler.

Teşekkür

Materyal temini sağlayan Ziraat Yüksek Mühendisi Harun Burak GÖZE’ye (Beylerbeyi Tarım, Altınova, Antalya, Türkiye) desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

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