Stres Tolerans İndeksleri Kullanılarak Ekmeklik Buğdayda Kuraklık Toleransının Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Kuraklık stresi, dünya genelinde tahıl yetiştiriciliğinin yapıldığı birçok bölgede buğday verimliliğini sınırlayan önemli bir çevresel strestir. Bu çalışmada, bazı ekmeklik buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) genotiplerinin kuraklık stresine toleransını değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, 2021-2022 yetiştirme sezonunda sulu ve yağışa dayalı koşullarda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada dokuz kuraklık tolerans indeksi, sulu (Yp) ve yağışa dayalı (Ys) koşullar altında elde edilen tane verimine göre hesaplanmıştır. Varyans analizi sonucuna göre, kuraklık stresinin tane verimi üzerinde önemli etkilerinin yanı sıra tane verimi açısından genotipler arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu belirlenmiştir. Korelasyon ve çok değişkenli analiz sonuçları, strese tolerans indeksi (STI), geometrik ortalama verimlilik (GMP), harmonik ortalama (HM) ve ortalama verimlilik (MP) indekslerinin kuraklığa dayanıklı ve yüksek verimli genotiplerin seçimi için uygun kriterler olduğunu görülmüştür. HM, GMP, STI ve MP indekslerine göre Gn10 genotipi hem sulu hem de yağışa dayalı koşullar için yüksek verimli ve uygun genotip olduğu görülmüştür. Yp, Ys ve tolerans indeksleri kullanarak yapılan biplot analizine dayanarak, koşullar arasında üstün genotip belirlenmesinin mümkün olabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kuraklık stresi
• destek sulama
• TOL
• Tane verimi
• Biplot

Evaluation of Drought Tolerance In Bread Wheat Using Stress Tolerance Indices

Abstract

Drought stress is a major environmental stress limiting wheat productivity in most cereal growing areas of the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate drought stress tolerance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. For this purpose, 14 genotypes were grown during 2021-2022 growing seasons under irrigated and rain-fed conditions. The nine drought tolerance indices were calculated based on grain yield under irrigated (Yp) and rain-fed (Ys) conditions. Results of the analysis of variance showed the significant influences of drought stress on grain yield as well as significant differences among genotypes for grain yield. Results of correlation coefficients and multivariate analyses revealed that the stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), harmonic mean (HM) and mean productivity (MP) indices were the most profitable criteria for selection of drought tolerant and high-yielding genotypes. Using HM, GMP, STI and MP, the Gn10 were found to be the best genotypes with high yield and suitable for both irrigated and rain-fed conditions. Based on biplot analysis using Yp, Ys and the indices, it was possible to identify superior genotype across the conditions.

Keywords

• Drought stress
• supplement water
• TOL
• Grain yield
• biplot

Kaynakça

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