PEM Elektrolizörlerde Nem Yönetimi: Gaz Difüzyon Katmanı Tasarım Optimizasyonlarının Flooding Üzerindeki Etkileri

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 214 - 224, 14.01.2026

Davut Sevim , Muhammed Yusuf Pilatin

https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1671888

Öz

Proton Değişim Membranlı (PEM) elektrolizörlerde, suyun hidrojen ve oksijene ayrışması, uygulanan Doğru Akım (DA) kadar sistemin nem yönetimine de bağlıdır. Nem, proton iletkenliğini artırarak elektrokimyasal süreci desteklerken, aşırı birikimi (flooding) gaz difüzyonunu engelleyerek sistem performansını ciddi şekilde düşürmektedir. Bu çalışmada, nemin PEM elektrolizörlerdeki etkileri detaylı şekilde analiz edilmiş, flooding mekanizmaları incelenmiş ve Gaz Difüzyon Katmanı (GDL) tasarımının bu sorunun hafifletilmesine yönelik katkıları değerlendirilmiştir. Optimum nem seviyelerinde maksimum elektrolitik verim elde edilirken, yetersiz nem koşulları proton iletkenliğini sınırlandırmakta, aşırı su birikimi ise elektrot yüzeylerini tıkayarak gaz çıkışını engellemektedir. Bu bağlamda, GDL'nin hidrofobik kaplamalar, gradyan gözenek yapıları, mikrokanallar ve hibrit malzeme kombinasyonları ile optimize edilmesi, etkin su yönetimi sağlayarak flooding riskini minimize etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

PEM Elektroliz , Gaz Difüzyon Katmanı , Flooding , Nem

Moisture Management in PEM Electrolyzers: Effects of Gas Diffusion Layer Design Optimizations on Flooding

Öz

In Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzes, the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen depends not only on the applied Direct Current (DC) but also on effective moisture management within the system. While humidity enhances proton conductivity and supports the electrochemical process, excessive accumulation (flooding) hinders gas diffusion and significantly degrades system performance. This study presents a detailed analysis of the effects of humidity in PEM electrolyzes, investigates flooding mechanisms, and evaluates the role of Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) design in mitigating these challenges. While optimal humidity levels enable maximum electrolytic efficiency, insufficient moisture limits proton conductivity, and excessive water accumulation clogs electrode surfaces, obstructing gas release. In this context, optimizing the GDL through hydrophobic coatings, gradient pore structures, microchannel, and hybrid material combinations ensures effective water management and minimizes the risk of flooding.

Anahtar Kelimeler

PEM Electrolyze , Gas Diffusion Layer , Flooding , Humidity

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