Peyzaj Mimarlığında Parametrik ve Simbiyotik Yaklaşımlar: Yeni Kentsel Mekân Paradigmaları

Öz

Günümüz kentlerinin karşı karşıya kaldığı çevresel, sosyal ve mekânsal sorunlar, peyzaj mimarlığında yeni tasarım paradigmalarını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, peyzaj mimarlığında parametrik tasarım yaklaşımının simbiyotik kent kavramı çerçevesinde nasıl değerlendirilebileceğini araştırmaktadır. Amaç, doğa ve kent arasında karşılıklı faydaya dayalı bir ilişki kurmayı hedefleyen simbiyotik kent vizyonunu, parametrik tasarım araçlarıyla destekleyerek bu 2 kavramın kesişim noktasını kavramsal ve kuramsal olarak ortaya koymaktır. Nitel araştırma yöntemine dayanan çalışmada, literatür taraması, kavramsal çözümleme ve tematik sentez teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, bu iki yaklaşımın peyzaj mimarlığı içinde yalnızca biçimsel değil, aynı zamanda işlevsel, sistemsel ve sürdürülebilir tasarım kararları üretme sürecinde tamamlayıcı rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Çalışma simbiyotik kent yaklaşımının doğal ve yapılı çevrelerin karşılıklı fayda temelinde bütünleşmesini savunan sistematik bir planlama modeli olduğunu, parametrik tasarımın ise bu sistemlerin çevresel ve sosyal verilerle bütünleşik olarak modellenmesini sağlayan güçlü bir araç olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca peyzaj mimarlığının her iki yaklaşımı birleştirebilecek mekânsal ve sistemsel birleştirici rolü üstlendiği vurgulanmıştır. Sonuçlar peyzaj mimarlarının parametrik araçlar sayesinde simbiyotik ilişkileri daha okunabilir, simüle edilebilir ve ölçülebilir hale getirerek ekolojik, sosyal ve teknik düzeyde entegre tasarımlar geliştirebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda, peyzaj mimarlığı disiplini, kentlerin sürdürülebilir dönüşümünde stratejik bir aktör olarak yeniden tanımlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Peyzaj mimarlığı
• parametrik tasarım
• simbiyotik kent
• sürdürülebilirlik

Parametric and Symbiotic Approaches in Landscape Architecture: New Urban Space Paradigms

Öz

Environmental, social and spatial problems faced by today's cities necessitate new design paradigms in landscape architecture. This study investigates how the parametric design approach in landscape architecture can be evaluated within the framework of the symbiotic city concept. The aim is to conceptually and theoretically reveal the intersection point of these two concepts by supporting the symbiotic city vision, which aims to establish a mutually beneficial relationship between nature and the city, with parametric design tools. In the study based on qualitative research method, literature review, conceptual analysis and thematic synthesis techniques were used. The findings obtained show that these two approaches play a complementary role in the process of producing not only formal but also functional, systemic and sustainable design decisions in landscape architecture. The study revealed that the symbiotic city approach is a systematic planning model that advocates the integration of natural and built environments on the basis of mutual benefit, and that parametric design is a powerful tool that enables the integrated modeling of these systems with environmental and social data. It is also emphasized that landscape architecture plays a spatial and systemic unifying role that can combine both approaches. The results reveal that landscape architects can develop integrated designs at ecological, social and technical levels by making symbiotic relationships more readable, simulatable and measurable through parametric tools. In this context, the discipline of landscape architecture is being redefined as a strategic actor in the sustainable transformation of cities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Landscape architecture
• parametric design
• symbiotic city
• sustainability

Kaynakça

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