Prunus divaricata var (Yonuz erik) metanol ekstraktının toplam fenolik bileşik ve toplam antioksidan/oksidan kapasitesinin araştırılması

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 1261 - 1269, 05.07.2023

Haci Ahmet Deveci , Şenay Görücü Yılmaz , Ayla Deveci

Öz

Doğal olarak yetişen bitkilerin antioksidan kapasitesini belirleyen biyoaktif bileşiklerin tespiti, oksidatif strese bağlı hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanımlarını sağlayabilir. Prunus divaricata var (yerel olarak yonuz eriği, yabani erik, yunus eriği ve ekşi erik olarak da bilinir) gibi yüksek rakımlarda yetiştirilen bitkilerin besin değeri yüksek, hastalıkları azaltıcı ve tedavi edici potansiyele sahiptir. Bu çalışmada metanol ekstraktının toplam antioksidan kapasitesi (TAK), toplam oksidan kapasitesi (TOK), oksidatif stres indeksi (OSI) ve toplam polifenolik bileşik (TFB) içerikleri belirlenmiş ve terapötik potansiyelleri değerlendirilmiştir. Meyveler Eylül ayında toplanmış ve oda sıcaklığında ve rutubetsiz ortamda ortalama 20 gün kurutulmuştur. Kurutulmuş meyveler (10 g) metanol (500 mL) içinde eritildi ve toplam antioksidan/oksidan kapasiteleri ekstraksiyon ve buharlaştırma ile belirlendi. TFB, Folin-Ciocalteu reaktif yöntemi kullanılarak spektrofotometrik olarak ölçüldü. Sonuç olarak, yabani erik meyve ekstraktının TAK seviyesi 3.595±0.05 mmol Trolox eşdeğeri/L, TOK seviyesi 15.853±0.09 µmol H2O2 Eşdeğeri/L ve OSI 0.441±0.006 (AU) ve toplam TFB içeriği 41.52 ± 0.17 mg GAE g-1 idi. P. divaricata fenolik bileşikler açısından zengindir ve güçlü bir antioksidan ve oksidan aktiviteye sahiptir. Birçok antioksidan bileşiğin birbirleriyle etkileşimleri sonucunda prooksidan etkiye sahip olabileceğine inanıyoruz. P. divaricata'nın güçlü oksidan aktivitesi, beslenme ve tedavi amaçlı kullanım için dikkatli bir şekilde değerlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yonuz eriği, total fenolik bileşik, Total antioksidan/oksidan kapasite

Investigation of the total phenolic compound and total antioxidant/oxidant capacity of methanol extract of Prunus divaricata var (Yonuz plum)

Öz

Detection of bioactive compounds that determine the antioxidant capacity of naturally grown plants may provide their use in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases. Plants grown at high altitudes, such as Prunus divaricata var (locally known as yonuz plum, wild plum, dolphin plum, and sour plum) have high nutritional value, disease-reducing and therapeutic potential. In this study, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), oxidative stress index (OSI) and total polyphenolic compound (TPC) contents of methanol extract were determined and their therapeutic potential was evaluated. The fruits were collected in September and dried at room temperature and in a humidity-free environment for an average of 20 days. Dried fruits (10 g) were dissolved in methanol (500 mL), and their total antioxidant/oxidant capacity was determined by extraction and evaporation. TPC was measured spectrophotometrically using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method. In conclusion, the TAC level of the wild plum fruit extract was 3.595±0.05 mmol Trolox equiv./L, the TOC level was 15.853±0.09 μmol H2O2 Equiv./L and OSI 0.441±0.006 (AU), and the total TPC content was 41.52 ± 0.17 mg GAE g-1. P. divaricata is rich in phenolic compounds and has a strong antioxidant and oxidant activity. We believe that many antioxidant compounds can have a pro-oxidant effect as a result of their interaction with each other. The strong oxidant activity of P. divaricata should be carefully evaluated for nutritional and therapeutic use.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prunus divaricata var, total phenolic compound, Total antioxidant/oxidant capacity

Kaynakça

• Adefegha SA. Functional foods and nutraceuticals as dietary intervention in chronic diseases; novel perspectives for health promotion and disease prevention. J Diet Suppl. 2018; 15(6): 977-1009.
• Baskaya-Sezer D., Erdogan-Tokatlı K., Demirdöven A. Çakal eriği ve yonuz eriği marmelatları. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. 2016; 33 (1): 125-131.
• Baytop T. Türkiye’de bitkilerle tedavi, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri. 1999.
• Blackhall ML., Berry R., Davies NW., Walls JT. Optimized extraction of anthocyanins from Reid Fruits’ Prunus avium ‘Lapins’ cherries. Food Chem. 2018; 256: 280-285.
• Caliskan O. Mediterranean Figs (Ficus carica L.) Functional Food Properties, Editor(s): Victor R. Preedy, Ronald Ross Watson, The Mediterranean Diet, Academic Press, 2015; 56: 629-637.
• Carlsen MH., Halvorsen BL., Holte K., Bohn SK., Dragland S., Sampson L., Willey C., et al. The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Nutritional Journal. 2010; 9(1):1-11.
• Commenges D., Scotet V., Renaud S., Jacqmin-Gadda H., Barberger-Gateau P., Dartigues JF. Intake of flavonoids and risk of dementia. European Journal of Epidemiology. 2000; 16(4): 357-363.
• Coskun T. Fonksiyonel besinlerin sağlığımız üzerine etkileri. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Derg. 2005; 48: 69-84.
• Cömlekcioglu N., Kocabas YZ., Aygan A. Kahramanmaraş’tan toplanan Prunus divaricata subsp. divaricata Ledeb. meyvelerinin biyokimyasal özellikleri ve antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi. ANADOLU J. of AARI. 2020; 30 (1): 46-56.
• Demir F., Aliyazıcıoglu Y., Demir S. Asidifikasyon işleminin laurocerasus officinalis ekstraktlarının antioksidan özellikleri üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi. El-Cezerî Journal of Science and Engineering. 2017; 4(3): 365-373.
• Demirci S., Ozhatay N. Local names of some plants in Andırın, Kahramanmaraş. Journal of Faculty Pharmacy Istanbul University. 2012; 42(1): 33-42.
• Deveci HA., Nur G., Kırpık MA., Harmankaya A., Yıldız Y. Fenolik bileşik içeren bitkisel antioksidanlar. Kafkas Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Derg. 2016; 9(1): 26-32.
• Deveci HA., Nur G., Gorucu-Yılmaz Ş. In book: Functıonal Foods and Nutraceutıcals: Bıoactıve compounds. Chapter: Overvıew of Functıonal Foods and Nutraceutıcals, Publisher: Livre de Lyon. 2022; 1-14.
• Ebrahimzadeh MA., Pourmorad F., Bekhradnia AR. African Iron chelating activity, phenol and flavonoid content of some medicinal plants from Iran. Journal of Biotech. 2008; 7 (18):3188-3192.
• Ebrahimzadeh MA., Ehsanifar S., Eslami B. Sambucus ebulus elburensis fruits: A good source for antioxidants. Phcog Mag. 2009; 5: 213-218.
• Erdemoglu N., Küpeli E., Yesilada E. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity assessment of plants used as remedy in Turkish folk medicine. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2003; 89: 123-129.
• Erel O. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin Biochem. 2004; 37: 277-285.
• Erel O. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin Biochem. 2005; 38: 1103-1111.
• Eren Y., Dirik E., Neselioglu S., Erel O. Oxidative Stress and Decreased Thiol Level in Patients With Migraine. Cross-Sectional Study. Acta Neurol Belg. 2015; 115(4): 643-649.
• Heleno SA., Diz P., Prieto MA., Barros L., Rodrigues A., Barreiro MF., Ferreira IC. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction to obtain mycosterols from Agaricus bisporus L. by response surface methodology and comparison with conventional Soxhlet extraction. Food Chem. 2016; 197: 1054-1063.
• Hussain T., Tan B., Yin Y., Blachier F., Tossou MCB., Rahu N. Oxidative stress and inflammation: What polyphenols can do for us? Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2016; 1-9.
• Kendir G., Güvenc A. Etnobotanik ve Türkiye’de yapılmış etnobotanik çalışmalara genel bir bakış. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy. 2010; 1: 49-80.
• Ketenoglu O., Obalı O., Kurt L., Güney K., Tug GN., Geven F., Bingöl U., Körüklü T. Ekonomik Bitkiler. 2011, Palme Yayıncılık.
• Kurutas EB. The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: current state. Nutrition Journal. 2015; 15(1): 1-22.
• Lin KH., Yeh H., Lin SY., Yang CM., Tsai HJ., Tsai JJ., Chao PY. Antioxidant activities of methanol extracts from selected Taiwanese herbaceous plants. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2014; 2(8): 435-442.
• Liu RH. Health benefits of fruit and vegetables are from additive and synergistic combinations of phytochemicals. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003; 78(Suppl): 517-520.
• Mattioli R., Mosca L., Sánchez-Lamar A., Tempera I., Hausmann R. Natural bioactive compounds acting against oxidative stress in chronic, degenerative, and infectious diseases. Oxidative Medicine and Cellularlongevity. 2018; 3894381, 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3894381
• Morris MC., Evans DA., Tangney CC., Bienias JL., Wilson RS. Associations of vegetable and fruit consumption with age-related cognitive change. Neurology. 2006; 67(8):1370-1376.
• Mosihuzzaman M. Herbal Medicine in Healthcare an Overview. Nat Prod Commun. 2012; 7(6): 807-817.
• Motamed SM., Naghibi F. Antioxidant activity of some edible plants of the Turkmen Sahra region in northern Iran. Food Chem. 2010; 119 (4): 1637-1642.
• Nabavi SF., Nabavi SM., Setzer WN., Nabavi SA., Nabavi SA., Ebrahimzadeh MA. Antioxidant and antihemolytic activity of lipid-soluble bioactive substances in avocado fruits. Fruits. 2013; 68(3): 185-193.
• Ozkaya SO. Yaşam kalitesi ve fonksiyonel besinler. Fenerbahçe Üniv. Sağlık Bilimleri Derg. 2021; 1(1):62-68.
• Ozkol H., Bulut G., Balahoroglu R., Tuluce Y., Ozkol HU. Protective effects of selenium, N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E against acute ethanol intoxication in rats. Biological Trace Element Research. 2017; 175(1): 177-185.
• Ozyurt M., Kopar H., Ozyurt S, Demırhan I, Kurutaş EB. Menengiç, ışgın ve çiriş otu’nda antioksidan aktivitenin araştırılması. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Derg. 2021; 24(4): 733-737.
• Prior RL. Fruits and vegetables in the prevention of cellular oxidative damage. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003; 78:570-578.
• Raafat K., Aboul-Ela M., El-Lakany A. Alloxan-Induced diabetic thermal hyperalgesia, prophylaxis and phytotherapeutic effects of rheum ribes l. in mouse model. Archives of Pharmacal Research. 2014; 1-10.
• Septembre-Malaterre A., Remize F., Poucheret P. Fruits and vegetables, as a source of nutritional compounds and phytochemicals: Changes in bioactive compounds during lactic fermentation. Food Res Int. 2018; 104: 86-99.
• Slinkard K., Singleton VL. Total phenol analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture. 1977; 28: 49-55.
• Wöhrmann T., Guicking D., Khoshbakht K., Weising K. Genetic variability in wild populations ofPrunus divaricata Ledeb. in northern Iran evaluated by EST-SSR and genomic SSR marker analysis. GenetResour Crop Evol. 2011; 58 (8): 1157-1167.
• Xu DP., Li Y., Meng X., Zhou T., Zhou Y., Zheng J., Zhang JJ., Li HB. Natural antioxidants in foods and medicinal plants: Extraction, assessment and resources, International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(96):1-32.