Determining the genetic and agronomic variations in lines from Samsun tobacco growing areas

Öz

Tobaccos grown in Samsun are known all over the world. Samsun tobaccos are grown using nonregistered populations traditionally maintained by local farmers. The present study was conducted to determine the genetic and agronomic variations in Samsun tobaccos. Fifty-eight lines were collected from Samsun in tobacco growing area. These lines were analyzed using eighteen SSR markers. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values of markers ranged between 0.0 and 0.702. Forty-two alleles were obtained from 18 SSR markers. The average number of alleles per SSR locus was 2.33. Forty-eight lines were different for at least one SSR locus, indicating a high level of variation. The forty-eight lines were evaluated in two field trials along with local varieties Nail and Canik for agronomic characteristics such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, leaf length, leaf yield, grade index, leaf sugar, and nicotine contents. A high level of variation was also evident for agronomic characters. Lines No: 2, 11, 13, 21, 28 and 41 were notable for their superior agronomic characteristics. Some of these lines could be directly registered as new cultivars, but they should be further evaluated in future field trials in multiple environments. These lines could also be used as parents for the development of new cultivars.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Grade index
• leaf yield
• nicotine
• oriental
• SSR marker
• sugar content

Samsun tütün üretim alanlarındaki hatlarda genetik ve agronomik varyasyonların belirlenmesi

Öz

Samsun’da yetiştirilen tütünler tüm dünyada tanınmaktadır. Samsun tütünleri bölge çiftçileri tarafından devam ettirilen, tescil edilmemiş popülasyonlar kullanılarakta yetiştirilmektedir. Bu çalışma Samsun tütünlerindeki genetik ve agronomik varyasyonları belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Samsun’da tütün yetiştirilen alanlardan elli sekiz hat toplanmıştır. Bu hatlar, on sekiz SSR markörü kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Markörlerin polimorfik bilgi içeriği (PIC) değerleri 0.0 ile 0.702 arasında değişmiştir. On sekiz SSR markörü ile 42 allel belirlenmiştir. SSR lokusu başına ortalama allel sayısı 2.33 olarak belirlenmiştir. Kırk sekiz hattın en az bir SSR lokusu bakımından farklı olduğu belirlenmiş ve bu durum varyasyon seviyesinin yüksek olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Kırk sekiz hat, lokal çeşitler Nail ve Canik ile birlikte bitki boyu, yaprak sayısı, yaprak genişliği, yaprak uzunluğu, yaprak verimi, derece indeksi, yaprak şekeri ve nikotin içeriği gibi tarımsal özellikler açısından iki tarla denemesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Tarımsal karakterlerde de yüksek düzeyde varyasyonlar belirlenmiştir. Hat 2, 11, 13, 21, 28 ve 41 üstün agronomik özellikleri bakımından ön plana çıkmıştır. Bu hatların bazıları doğrudan yeni çeşitler olarak tescil ettirilebilir, ancak hatlar birden fazla lokasyonlarda yürütülecek tarla denemelerinde daha değerlendirilmelidir. Bu hatlar, yeni çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi için ebeveyn olarak da kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Grade index
• leaf yield
• nicotine
• oriental
• SSR marker
• sugar content

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