Determination of Plum pox virus, the causal agent of Sharka Disease, in Samsun Province

Öz

Plum pox virus (PPV) is one of the most destructive and serious viral agent of stone fruits such as plum, peach, nectarine, apricot, almond, sweet and sour cherries. PPV strains have been classified into at least eight sub-groups. PPV has been detected in some orchards in different geographical regions of Turkey including Marmara, Central Anatolia, Aegean and Mediterranean, and the strains of PPV and their distributions have been determined. To date, there is no report on the presence of PPV in the Black Sea Region. PPV-like fruit and leaf symptoms were noticed in four stone fruit orchards in Canik district of Samsun province in July 2013, and a total of 22 samples were taken from nine apricot, six nectarine, four plum and three peach trees. Only one plum and two apricot trees were found to be infected by DAS-ELISA using virus-spesific polyclonal antiserum and RT-PCR method using PPV-specific primers. The partial nucleotide sequences of coat protein (CP) region of plum and apricot isolates were obtained. Nucleotide BLAST analysis showed that plum and apricot isolates had the highest (99%) sequence similarity at nucleotide level with PPV-AbTk isolate (PPV-T strain) found on apricot trees in Ankara province and the PPV Abricotier Turquie isolate. This study revealed that the occurrence and distribution of PPV infection in stone fruit orchards needs to be investigated in the Black Sea Region in detail.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CP
• plum
• apricot
• PPV
• T strain

Samsun ilinde sert çekirdekli meyve türlerinde Şarka hastalığı etmeninin (Plum pox virus) belirlenmesi

Öz

Plum pox virus (PPV), erik, şeftali, nektarin, kayısı, badem, kiraz ve vişne gibi sert çekirdekli meyve ağaçlarının en önemli viral etmenlerinden birisidir. PPV ırkları günümüzde en az 8 alt grupta toplanmıştır. Türkiye’de bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalarda Marmara, İç Anadolu, Ege ve Akdeniz Bölgelerinde PPV’nin bulaşık olduğu bahçeler tespit edilmiş, virüsün ırk düzeyinde tanısı yapılmış ve dağılımı belirlenmiştir. Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde ise şu ana kadar sert çekirdekli meyve üretimi yapılan alanlarda Şarka hastalığının varlığına dair bir kayda rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Samsun ili Canik ilçesinde 2013 yılı Temmuz ayında PPV-benzeri yaprak ve meyve simptomları gösteren 4 bahçe belirlenmiş ve 9 kayısı, 6 nektarin, 4 erik ve 3 şeftali ağacından toplam 22 örnek test edilmek üzere alınmıştır. PPV’ye spesifik antiserum kullanılarak DAS-ELISA ve PPV’ye spesifik primerler kullanılarak RT-PCR yöntemleri ile örneklerin test edilmesi sonucunda, iki kayısı ağacı ve bir erik ağacının PPV ile enfekteli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kayısı ve erik izolatlarının kısmi kılıf protein (CP) bölgesi nükleotid dizileri elde edilmiş ve nükleotid BLAST analizine göre en yüksek benzerliği (% 99) Ankara’da kayısı ağacından izole edilen AbTk izolatı (PPV-T strain) ve yine Türkiye’den elde edilen Abricotier Turquie izolatı ile gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Samsun ilinin yanısıra diğer illerde de sert çekirdekli meyve bahçelerinin PPV ile bulaşıklık durumunun detaylı incelenmesinin gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CP
• erik
• kayısı
• PPV
• T ırkı

Kaynakça

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